PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA
E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555
 or 302/529-1876
Website: www.focusonnature.com

 

Ecuador Birds

 during the 
Focus On Nature Tour 
in April-May 2014

 

List compiled by Armas Hill



 Dates:

April 18 - May 5, 2014
During FONT birding tours in Ecuador, over 1100 species of birds have cumulatively been found. 

This April-May 2014 Southern & Western Ecuador Tour was the 21st FONT tour in Ecuador.


Upper right photograph:  The rare and recently-described JOCOTOCO ANTPITTA,
a bird seen so very nicely during our April-May 2014 Ecuador Tour     

Codes:

S:       southern Ecuador, including the Tapichalaca, Yunguilla, and Buenaventura Reserves, 
          and Copalinga near Zamora in far-southeastern Ecuador
W:      western Ecuador, including the coast    
(t):      a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International.
              (t1): critical   (t2): endangered   (t3): vulnerable
(nt):    a near-threatened species globally.

(ECi):  an introduced species in Ecuador
(ECr):  rare in Ecuador

(ph):  species with a photo in the FONT website

Links:

A List & Photo Gallery of Ecuador Birds, in 4 Parts
(linked here to the first part, with links to the others)

Mammals in South America (with some photos)

A List & Photo Gallery of South America Butterflies, in 5 Parts

Highlights of Some Previous FONT Ecuador Tours

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Ecuador

 

 Bird-List:
  1. Gray Tinamou  (t3)  ______  S
    Tinamus tao

         The Gray Tinamou has been classified as a near-threatened species in Ecuador.
  2. Little Tinamou  ______  S
    Crypturellus soui
  3. Speckled Chachalaca  ______  S
    Ortalis guttata  
  4. Rufous-headed Chachalaca  (t3) (ph)  ______  S
    Ortalis erythroptera

         The Rufous-headed Chachalaca has been classified as a near-threatened species in Ecuador.
  5. Bearded Guan  (t3)  _____  S
    Penelope barbata

         The Bearded Guan has been classified as a vulnerable species in Ecuador. 
  6. Horned Screamer  _____  W
    Ahima cornuta
  7. Black-bellied Whistling Duck  (ph)  ______  W
    Dendrocygna autumnalis
  8. White-cheeked Pintail  (ph)  _____  W
    Anas bahamensis rubrirostris
  9. Muscovy Duck  (ph)  _____  W
    Cairina moschata       
  10. Pied-billed Grebe  (ph)  _____  W
    Podilymbus podiceps 
  11. Chilean Flamingo  ______  W
    Phoenicopterus ruber
  12. American White Ibis  (ph)  _____  W
    Eudocimus albus
  13. Roseate Spoonbill  (ph)  _____  W
    Platalea ajaja
  14. Cocoi Heron  (ph)  _____  W
    Ardea cocoi
  15. Great Egret  (ph)  _____  W
    Casmerodius alba egretta
  16. Snowy Egret  (ph)  _____  W
    Egretta thula
  17. Little Blue Heron  (ph)  _____  W
    Egretta caerulea
  18. Western Cattle Egret  (ph)  ______  W
    Bubulcus ibis  

         Split from the Cattle Egret, the Eastern Cattle Egret, Bubulcus coromandus, occurs in eastern Asia,

  19. Striated Heron  (ph)  _____  W
    Butorides striatus
  20. Yellow-crowned Night Heron  (ph)  _____  W
    Nyctanassa violacea
  21. Magnificent Frigatebird  (ph)  _____  W
    Fregata magnificens

  22. Brown Pelican  (ph)  _____  W
    Pelecanus occidentalis murphyo

  23. Peruvian Pelican  (ph)  _____  W
    Pelecanus thagus

  24. Blue-footed Booby  (ph)  _____  W
    Sula nebouxii

    25.
  25. Neotropic Cormorant  (ph)  _____  W
    Phalacrocorax brasilianus

  26. Anhinga  (ph)  _____  W
    Anhinga anhinga
  27. Turkey Vulture  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Cathartes aura

  28. Black Vulture  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Coragyps atratus

  29. Plumbeous Kite  ______  S
    Ictinia plumbea
  30. Swallow-tailed Kite  (ph)  _____  S
    Elanoides foricatus 
  31. Snail Kite  (ph)  _____  W
    Rostrhamus sociabilis 

         The Snail Kite has been classified as a vulnerable species in Ecuador. It occurs locally in the country.

  32. Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle  (ph)  _____  S
    Geranoaetus melanoleucus
  33. Variable Hawk  (ph)  _____  S  
    Buteo polyosoma     
  34. White-rumped Hawk  _____  S
    Buteo leucorrhous
     
  35. Gray-lined Hawk  _____  S
    Buteo nitidus

  36. Bay-winged Hawk  (ph)  _____  W
    Parabuteo unicinctus

    Parabuteo unicinctus     is also known, in North America, as the Harris' Hawk.

  37. Bat Falcon  (ph)  _____  S
    Falco rufigularis

  38. Merlin  (ph)  _____  W
    Falco columbarius
  39. American Kestrel  (ph)  _____  S
    Falco sparverius     peruviannus  (the subspecies in southern Ecuador)  
  40. Limpkin  (ph)  _____  W
    Aramus guarauna
  41. Common Gallinule  (ph)  _____  W
    Gallinula galeata

  42. Purple Gallinule  (ph)  _____  W
    Porphyrula martinica
  43. Wattled Jacana  (ph)  _____  W
    Jacana jacana

  44. Black-necked Stilt  (ph)  _____  W
    Himantopus mexicanus

  45. Spotted Sandpiper  (ph)  ______  W
    Actitis macularis
  46. Laughing Gull  (ph)  _____  W
    Leucophaeus atricilia
  47. Franklin's Gull  (ph)  _____  W
    Leucophaeus pipixcan
  48. Gray-hooded Gull  (ph)  _____  W
    Chroicocephalus c. cirrocephalus
  49. California Gull  (ECr)  (ph)  _____  W
    Larus californicus
  50. Gull-billed Tern  (ph)  _____  W
    Gelochelidon nilotica
  51. Common (or Feral) Pigeon (i) ______  S,W
    Columba livia
  52. Pale-vented Pigeon ______  S,W
    Patagioenas     cayennensis 
  53. Plumbeous Pigeon  _____  S
    Patagioenas plumbea
  54. Eared Dove  (ph)  _____  S,W
    Zenaida auriculata 
  55. Ecuadorian Ground Dove  ______  W
    Columbina buckleyi 
  56. Croaking Ground Dove  _____  W
    Columbina cruziana
  57. White-tipped Dove ______  S,W  (was called White-fronted Dove)
    Leptotila verreauxi 
  58. Gray-fronted Dove  _____  S
    Leptotila rufaxilla
  59. Ochre-bellied Dove  (t3)  ______  W  
    Leptotila ochraceiventris 

         The Ochre-bellied Dove has been classified as an endangered species in Ecuador. 
  60. White-throated Quail-Dove  _____  S
    Geotrygon frenata 
  61. Red-masked Parakeet  (nt)  _____  S
    Aratinga erythrogenys

         The Red-masked Parakeet has been classified as a vulnerable species in Ecuador.

  62. Golden-plumed Parakeet  (t3)  _____  S
    Leptosittaca branickii

         The Golden-plumed Parakeet has been classified as a vulnerable species in Ecuador. 

  63. Pacific Parrotlet  ______  W 
    Forpus coelestis
  64. Gray-cheeked Parakeet  (t2)  _____  W
    Brotogeris pyrrhopterus

         The Gray-cheeked Parakeet has been classified as a near-threatened species in Ecuador.

  65. Bronze-winged Parrot  _____  S
    Pionus chalcopterus 
  66. Squirrel Cuckoo  (ph)  ______  S
    Piaya cayana
  67. Smooth-billed Ani  (ph)  ______  W
    Crotophaga ani

  68. Groove-billed Ani  (ph)  _____  S,W
    Crotophaga sulcirostris

  69. Band-bellied Owl  _____  S
    Pulsatrix melanota

  70. Andean Pygmy Owl  _____  S
    Glaucidium jardinii

  71. Pacific Pygmy Owl  _____  S
    Glaucidium peruanum

    72.
  72. Pauraque  (ph)  _____  S
    Nyctidromus a, albicollis
  73. Pale-tailed Barbthroat ______  S
    Threnetes ruckeri
  74. Green Hermit  _____  S
    Phaethornis guy  
  75. Stripe-throated Hermit  (ph)  _____  W
    Phethornis striigularis

  76. White-necked Jacobin  (ph)  ______  S
    Florisuga m. mellivora

  77. Sparkling Violetear  ______  S
    Colibri c. coruscans
  78. Brown Violetear  _____  S
    Colibri delphinae

  79. Violet-headed Hummingbird  _____  S
    Klais guimeti
  80. Green Thorntail  (ph)  _____  S
    Popelairia conversii
  81. Wire-crested Thorntail  _____  S
    Popelairia popelairii
  82. Fork-tailed Woodnymph  _____  S
    Thalurania furcata
  83. Emerald-bellied Woodnymph  ______  S
    Thalurania hypochlora

         The Emerald-bellied Woodnymph has been classified as a near-threatened species in Ecuador.
  84. Violet-bellied Hummingbird  ______  S
    Damophila julie
  85. Rufous-tailed Hummingbird  (ph)  ______  S
    Amazilia t. tzacatl
  86. Amazilia Hummingbird  _____  W
    Amazilia amazilia

  87. Loja Hummingbird  _____  S
    Amazilia alticola
    What has been said to be an undescribed subspecies of the Loja Hummingbird was seen in southern Azuay.

     The Loja Hummingbird has been (or is) considered by some as conspecific with the Amazilia Hummingbird.   

  88. Andean Emerald  (ph)  _____  S
    Amazilia franciae

  89. Speckled Hummingbird  (ph)  _____  S
    Adelomyia melanogenys     
  90. Green-crowned Brilliant  (ph)  _____  S
    Heliodoxa jacula

  91. Fawn-breasted Brilliant  _____  S
    Heliodoxa rubinoides
  92. Violet-fronted Brilliant  _____  S
    Heliodoxa leadbeaeri
  93. Black-throated Brilliant  _____  S
    Heliodoxa schreibersii
  94. Collared Inca  (ph)  _____  S
    Coeligena torquata
  95. Chestnut-breasted Coronet  (ph)  _____  S
    Boissonneaua matthewsii
  96. Rainbow Starfrontlet  (ph)  _____  S
    Coeligena iris
  97. Amethyst-throated Sunangel  _____  S
    Heliangelus amethrysticollis
  98. Flame-throated Sunangel  _____  S
    Heliangelus micraster
  99. Glowing Puffleg  _____  S
    Eriocnemis vestitus
  100. Black-eared Fairy  _____  S
    Heliothryx aurita
  101. Long-billed Starthroat  _____  S
    Heliomaster longirostris
  102. Long-tailed Sylph  _____  S
    Aglaiocercus kingi

  103. White-bellied Woodstar  _____  S
    Chaetocercus mulsant 

    104.
  104. Masked Trogon  (ph) ______  S  
    Trogon     personatus 
  105. Ringed Kingfisher  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Megaceryle     torquata

  106. Green Kingfisher  (ph)  ______  W
    Chloroceryle inda
  107. Whooping Motmot  (ph)  _____  S
    Momotus subrufescens

         The Whooping Motmot was part of an expanded Blue-crowned Motmot. 
    Another name for Momotus subrufescens is the Tawny-bellied Motmot.   
  108. Highland Motmot  _____  S
    Momotus aequatorialis

    Momotus aequatorialis     has also been called the Andean Motmot.

  109. Red-headed Barbet  (ph)  _____  S
    Eubucco bourcierri orientalis      (subspecies in eastern Ecuador) .
  110. Chestnut-mandibled Toucan  _____  S
    Ramphastos swainsonii

         The Chestnut-mandibled Toucan has now been said to be part of the Black-mandibled Toucan, Ramphastos ambiguus.
  111. Golden-olive Woodpecker  (ph)  _____  S
    Piculus rubiginosus
  112. Lineated Woodpecker  (ph)  _____  S
    Dryocopus lineatus
  113. Black-cheeked Woodpecker  (ph)  ______  S
    Melanerpes pucherani
  114. Little Woodpecker  _____  S
    Veniliornis passerinus agilis
  115. Guayaquil Woodpecker  (ph)  _____  W
    Campephilus gayaquilensis
  116. Club-winged Manakin  _____  S
    Machaeropterus deliciosus
  117. Barred Fruiteater  _____  S
    Pipreola arcuata
  118. Black-and-white Becard  _____  S
    Pachyramphus polychopterus
  119. One-colored Becard  _____  W
    Platypsaria homochrous
  120. Masked Tityra  _____  S
    Tityra semifasciata
  121. Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant  _____  S
    Ochthoeca rufipectoralis   
  122. Black Phoebe  _____  S
    Sayornis nigricans
  123. Rufous-tailed Tyrant  _____  S
    Knipolegus poecilurus  
  124. Masked Water Tyrant  _____  W
    Fluvicola nengeta
  125. Vermilion Flycatcher  (ph)  _____  W
    Pyrocephalus rubinus piurae  

  126. Tropical Kingbird  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Tyrannus melancholicus 
  127. Piratic Flycatcher  _____  W
    Legatus leucophalus
  128. Boat-billed Flycatcher  _____  S,W
    Megarynchus pitangua
  129. Streaked Flycatcher  (ph)  _____  W
    Myiodynastes maculatus
  130. Social Flycatcher  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Myiozetetes similis
  131. Sooty-crowned Flycatcher  _____  W
    Myiarchus phaeocephalus   
  132. Dusky-capped Flycatcher  (ph)  _____  S
    Myiarchus tiberculifer
  133. Tumbes Pewee  _____  W
    Contopus punensis

         The Tumbes Pewee was part of the Tropical Pewee.
  134. Orange-banded Flycatcher  (nt)  _____  S
    Myiophobus lintoni

         The Orange-banded Flycatcher has been classified as a near-threatened species in Ecuador.

  135. Bran-colored Flycatcher  ______  S
    Myiophobus fasciatus
  136. Sulphur-rumped Myiobius  _____  S
    Myiobius sulphureipygius
  137. Yellow-olive Flatbill  _____  S,W
    Tolmomyias sulphurescens
  138. Common Tody-Flycatcher  ______  S,W
    Todirostrum cinereum
  139. Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant  _____  W
    Lophotriccus pileatus
  140. Tawny-crowned Pgymy-Tyrant  _____  W
    Euscarthmus meloryphus  
  141. Greenish Elaenia  _____  W
    Myiopagis viridicata
  142. Pacific Elaenia  _____  S,W
    Myiopagis subplacens
  143. Southern Beardless Tyrannulet  _____  W
    Camptostoma obsoletum
  144. Sooty-headed Tyrannulet  _____  W
    Phyllomyias griseiceps      
  145. Black-capped Tyrannulet  _____  S
    Phyllomyias nigrocapillus
  146. Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet  _____  S
    Tyrannulus elatus
  147. Olive-striped Flycatcher  _____  S
    Mionectes olivaceus
  148. Ochre-bellied Flycatcher  (ph)  _____  W
    Mionectes oleagineus
  149. Great Antshrike  (ph)  _____  W
    Taraba major
  150. Black-crowned Antshrike  _____  S
    Thamnophilus atrinucha 

         The newly-named Black-crowned Antshrike (by the AOU in 2013) was the Western Slaty Antshrike, but genetic evidence has shown that it is not related to the slaty-antshrikes elsewhere in South America.      
  151. Plain Antvireo  _____  W
    Dysithamnus mentalis 
  152. Scaled Antpitta  _____  S
    Grallaria guatimalensis
  153. Chestnut-crowned Antpitta  _____  S
    Grallaria ruficapilla
  154. Jocotoco Antpitta  (t2) (ph)  _____  S
    Grallaria ridgelyi
    The Jocotoco Antpitta was discovered on November 20, 1997. It is classified as an endangered species in Ecuador.

  155. Chestnut-naped Antpitta  _____  S
    Grallaria nuchalis
  156. Slate-crowned Antpitta  _____  S
    Grallaricula nana
  157. Unicolored Tapaculo  _____  S
    Scytalopus unicolor
  158. Chusquea Tapaculo  _____  S
    Scytalopus parkeri
    The Chusquea Tapaculo was described in 1997. It is fairly common in southern Ecuador and uncommon in adjacent northern Peru. 

  159. Pacific Hornero  _____  S,W
    Furnarius cinnamomeus
  160. Azara's Spinetail  _____  S
    Synallaxis azarae
  161. Necklaced Spinetail  _____  W
    Synallaxis atictothorax
  162. Pearled Treerunner  _____  S
    Margarornis squamiger periatus
  163. Spotted Barbtail  _____  S
    Premnoplex brunnescens
  164. Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner  _____  S
    Philydor rufus
  165. Streaked Xenops   _____  S
    Xenops rutilans

  166. Olivaceous Woodcreeper  _____  W
    Sittasomus griseicapillus aequatorialis      (subspecies in western Ecuador) 

  167. Wedge-billed Woodcreeper  _____  S
    Glyphorynchus spirurus
  168. Streak-headed Woodcreeper  (ph)  _____  S
    Lepidocolaptes souleyetii  
  169. Rufous-browed Peppershrike  _____  S
    Cyclarhis gujanensis virenticeps
  170. Red-eyed Vireo  _____  W
    Vireo olivaceus
  171. Olivaceous Greenlet  _____  S
    Hylophilus olivaceus
  172. Turquoise Jay  ______  WS
    Cyanolyca turcosa
  173. Violaceous Jay  _____  S
    Cyanocorax violaceus
  174. Inca Jay  _____  S
    Cyanocorax yncas  
  175. Gray-breasted Martin  _____  S,W
    Progne chalybea
  176. Tumbes Swallow  (ECr)  _____  W
    Tachycineta stolzmanni

  177. Blue-and-white Swallow  (ph)  _____  S
    Notiochelidon cyanoleuca

  178. Southern Rough-winged Swallow  _____  S
    Stelgidopteryx ruficollis
  179. Barn Swallow  _____  W
    Hirundo rustica
  180. Chestnut-collared Swallow _____  W
    Petrochelidon rufocollaris
  181. Fasciated Wren  _____  S,W
    Campylorhynchus fasciatus
  182. Rufous Wren  _____  S
    Cinnycerthia unirufa
  183. Bay Wren  _____  S
    Thryothorus nigricapillus
  184. "Southern" House Wren  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Troglodytes aedon albicans
  185. White-breasted Wood Wren  _____  S
    Henicorhina leucosticta
  186. Gray-breasted Wood Wren  _____  S
    Henicorhina leucophrys
  187. Long-tailed Mockingbird  (ph)  _____  S,W
    Mimus longicaudatus albogriseus      (subspecies in mainland Ecuador)

  188. Great Thrush  _____  S
    Turdus fuscater
  189. Black-billed Thrush  _____  S
    Turdus ignobilis
  190. Tropical Gnatcatcher  ______  W  
    Polioptila plumbea
  191. House Sparrow  (ECi)  ______  W
    Passer domesticus
  192. Saffron Siskin  (t3)  _____  W
    Spinus     (has been Carduelis) siemiradzkii

    The Saffron Siskin has been classified as a near-threatened species in Ecuador.

  193. Orange-bellied Euphonia  _____  S
    Euphonia xanthogaster
  194. Thick-billed Euphonia  _____  S,W
    Euphonia lannirostris
  195. Tropical Parula  _____  W
    Setophaga     (formerly Parula) pitiayumi
  196. Mangrove Warbler  (ph)  _____  W
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) erithachorides
  197. Slate-throated Whitestart  _____  S
    Myioborus miniatus

  198. Spectacled Whitestart  _____  S
    Myioborus melanocephalus
  199. Citrine Warbler  _____  S
    Basileuterus luteviridis
  200. Three-banded Warbler  _____  S
    Basileuterus trifasciatus
  201. Russet-crowned Warbler  (ph)  _____  S
    Basileuterus coronatus
  202. Buff-rumped Warbler  _____  S
    Basileuterus fulvicauda
  203. Shiny Cowbird  ______  S,W
    Molothrus bonariensis
  204. Crested Oropendola  _____  S
    Psarocolius decumanus
  205. Russet-backed Oropendola  _____  S
    Psarocolius angustifrons
  206. Yellow-rumped Cacique  ______  W
    Cacicus cela
  207. Subtropical Cacique  _____  S
    Cacicus uropygialis
  208. Yellow-billed Cacique  _____  S
    Amblycercus holosericeus
  209. Scrub Blackbird  ______  S,W
    Dives warazewiczi 
  210. Great-tailed Grackle  (ph)  _____  W
    Quiscalus mexicanus
  211. White-edged Oriole  _____  W
    Icterus graceannae
  212. Yellow-tailed Oriole  _____  S
    Icterus mesomelas

  213. Peruvian Meadowlark  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Sturnella bellicosa
  214. Bananaquit  (ph)  _____  S,W
    Coereba flaveola intermedias
  215. Masked Flowerpiercer  _____  S
    Diglossopis cyanea
  216. Green Honeycreeper  (ph)  _____  S
    Chlorophanes spiza
  217. Blue Dacnis  _____  S
    Dacnis cayana
  218. Black-faced Dacnis  _____  S
    Dacnis lineata
  219. Yellow-tufted Dacnis  _____  S
    Dacnis egregia
  220. Fawn-breasted Tanager  _____  S
    Pipraeidea melanonota
  221. Paradise Tanager  _____  S
    Tangara chilensis
  222. Green-and-gold Tanager  _____  S
    Tangara schrankii
  223. Golden-eared Tanager  (ph)  _____  S
    Tangara chrysotis
  224. Silver-throated Tanager  _____  S
    Tangara icterocephala 
  225. Blue-necked Tanager  (ph)  _____  S
    Tangara cyanicollis cyanopygia      (this subspecies, in western Ecuador, endemic to the country)   
  226. Bay-headed Tanager  (ph)  _____  S
    Tangara gyrola
  227. Blue-winged Mountain Tanager  (ph)  _____  S
    Anisognathus somptuosus
  228. Hooded Moutnain Tanager  ______  S
    Buthraupis montana
  229. Blue-gray Tanager  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Thraupis episcopus caerulea      (subspecies in eastern Ecuador with white on the wings)
    Thraupis episcopus quaesita      (subspecies in western Ecuador)

  230. Palm Tanager  ______  S
    Thraupis palmarum
  231. Blue-capped Tanager  _____  S
    Thraupis cyanocephala
  232. Lemon-rumped Tanager  _____  S,W
    Ramphocelus icteronotus
  233. Tooth-billed Tanager  _____  S
    Piranga lutea

         The Tooth-billed Tanager was part of the now more-northerly Hepatic Tanager.
  234. White-lined Tanager  _____  S
    Tachyphonus rufus
  235. Yellow-throated Bush Tanager  _____  S
    Chlorospingus flavigularis
  236. Dusky Bush Tanager  _____  S
    Chlorospingus semifuscus
  237. Black-capped Hemispingus  _____  S
    Hemispingus atropileus
  238. Grass-green Tanager  )ph)  _____  S
    Chlorornis riefferi
  239. Magpie Tanager  (ph)  _____  S
    Cissopis leveriana
  240. Crimson-breasted Finch  _____  W
    Rhodospingus cruentus
  241. Variable Seedeater  _____  S,W
    Sporophila aurita 
  242. Chestnut-throated Seedeater  _____  S
    Sporophila castaneiventris

  243. Parrot-billed Seedeater  _____  W
    Sporophila peruviana

  244. Blue-black Grassquit ______  S,W
    Volatinia jacarina 
  245. Lesser Seed Finch  _____  S
    Oryzoborus angolensis funereus
  246. Saffron Finch  (ph)  _____  S,W
    Sicalis flaveola
  247. Rufous-naped Brush Finch  _____  S
    Atlpetes latinuchus
  248. Pale-headed Brush Finch  (t2)  _____  S
    Atlpetes pallidiceps
    The Pale-headed Brush Finch has been classified as a critically endangered species in Ecuador.

    A slight recovery in the tiny population of the Pale-headed Brush Finch has given some hope.
    As of 2010, it has increased from less than 20 to about 60 breeding pairs. 
    In 2012, the classification of the species by Birdlife International was changed to "endangered" from
    "critically endangered".
    Threats to the species have been fires, grazing, competition with other brush finches, and cowbird parasitism.        

  249. Stripe-headed Brush Finch  _____  S
    Buarremon torquatus
  250. Orange-billed Sparrow  _____  S
    Arremon aurantiirostris
  251. Rufous-collared Sparrow  _____  S
    Zonotrichia capensis
  252. Buff-throated Saltator  (ph)  ______  S,W
    Saltator maximus
  253. Grayish Saltator  _____  S
    Saltator coerulescens azarae      

  254. Southern Yellow Grosbeak  (ph)  _____  S
    Pheucticus chrysogaster



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