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E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
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 or 302/529-1876

 

An Alphabetical List
of Common Names of
Wildflowers
and other plants
in the
Northern Places
of Alaska, Iceland,
and Hokkaido, Japan

Compiled by Armas Hill 



Photo at upper right:  MOSS IN ICELAND  (photograph by Alan Mitchnick, during a FONT tour) 

Many of the photos in the list that follows were taken during the June 2009 FONT tour in Iceland by tour participant, Gerin Hood. And she also took the time to do most of the identifications. Thanks Gerin! 

 There have been 19 FONT tours in Iceland. 



Codes:     AK: Alaska    HK: Hokkaido, Japan    IC: Iceland

The number here that follows the code is the placement in the respective list for either Alaska, Hokkaido, or Iceland.  

Links:

Wildflowers and Other Plants in:   Alaska    Hokkaido, Japan    Iceland    
Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Iceland     Upcoming FONT Tours Elsewhere  

Highlights from Some Previous FONT Iceland Tours

Photo Galleries of Icelandic Nature, Scenery, and Culture
from FONT tours in:    June 2006    June 2009    June 2012    Sep/Oct 2013        

Northern Wildflowers & some Other Plants, by Family, in Iceland, Alaska, & Hokkaido, Japan
(including Medicinal Plants)

Other Photo Galleries of Plants     Directory of Photos in this Website



An Alphabetical List of Northern Wildflowers and Other Plants:       
      

  1. Angelica Garden  ______  IC  137  Angelica archangelica   Parsley family
  2. Angelica, Wild  ______  IC 138  Angelica sylvestris    Parsley family
  3. Arrowgrass, Marsh  ______  IC  384  Triglochin palustris

  4. Arrowgrass, Sea  ______  IC  385  Trigglochin maritinus

  5. Aspen, European  ______  IC  279  Populus tremula

  6. Asphodel  (or Asphodel, Scottish)  ______  IC  162  Tofieldia pusilla   Bunchflower family
  7. Avens, Mountain  ______  IC  83  

  8. Avens, Water  ______  IC  62  Geum rivale islandicum   Rose family
  9. Awlwort  ______  IC  156  Subularia aquatica   Mustard family
  10. Azalea, Mountain (or Trailing)  ______  IC  61  Loiseleuria procumbens   Heath family
  11. Bartsia, Alpine  ______  IC  21  Bartsia alpina   Figwort family  

  12. Bearberry, Common  ______  IC  169   

  13. Bedstraw, Icelandic  ______  IC  164  Galium normanii islandicum
    (a subspecies of Slender Bedstraw)

  14. Bedstraw, Fen  ______  IC  165  Galium uliginosum

  15. Bedstraw, Lady's  ______  IC  204  Galium verum

  16. Bedstraw, Marsh  ______  IC  167  Galium palustre

  17. Bedstraw, Northern  ______  IC  163  Galium borealis

  18. Bedstraw, Small  ______  IC  166  Galium trifidum

  19. Beech Fern  ______  IC  304  Thelypteris phegopteris

  20. Bentgrass, Brown  (or Brown Bent)  ______  IC  Agrostis canina 

  21. Bentgrass, Common  (or Common Bent)  ______  IC  390  Agrostis capillaris

  22. Bentgrass, Fiorin  (or Creeping Bent)  ______  IC  392  Agrostis stolonifera

  23. Bentgrass, Large  (or Large Bent)  ______  IC  Agrostis gigantea

  24. Bilberry  ______  IC  75  

  25. Bilberry, Bog  ______  IC

  26. Birch, Downy  ______  IC  277  Betula pubescens

  27. Birch, Dwarf  ______  IC  276  Betula nana

  28. Birdseye  ______  IC  Veronicella chamaedrys

  29. Bistort, Alpine  ______  IC  130  Bistoria vivipara   Dock family
  30. Bistort, Amphibious  (or Amphibious Knotweed)  ______  IC  72  Persicaria amphibia (was Polygonum amphibium)

  31. Bittercress, Alpine  ______  IC  154  Cardamine bellidifolia   Mustard family
  32. Bittercress, Arctic  (or Lady Smock)  ______  IC  68  Cardamine nymanii   Mustard family
  33. Bittercress, Hairy  ______  IC  153  Cardamine hirsuta   Mustard family


    Bitterwort, Alpine  ______  IC  202  Draba alpina       in this list as Whitlowgrass, Alpine 

  34. Bitterwort, Arctic  ______  IC  Draba fladnizensis

  35. Bitterwort, Norwegian  (or Rock Whitlowgrass)  ______  IC  149  Draba norvegica

  36. Bitterwort, Snow  (or Snow Whitlowgrass)  ______  IC  150  Draba nivalis


  37. Bitterwort, Twisted  (or Hoary Whitlowgrass)  ______  IC  148  Draba incana

  38. Bladder-fern, Brittle  ______  IC  300  Cystopteris fragilis 

  39. Bladder-fern, Dickie's  ______  IC  Cystopteris dickieana

  40. Bladderwort, Lesser  ______  IC  243  Utricularia minor

  41. Blinks  ______  IC  161  Montia fontana   Purslane family
  42. Bogbean  ______  IC  95  Menyanthes trifoliata   Bogbean family
  43. Bramble, Rock  (or Bramble, Stone)  ______  IC  134  Rubus saxatilis   Rose family
  44. Brooklime, Thyme-leaved  ______  IC  Veronica serpyllifolium

  45. Buckler-fern  ______  IC  Dryopteris dilatata

  46. Buckler-fern, Broad  ______  IC  Dryopteris austriaca

  47. Buckler-fern, Northern  ______  IC  301  Dryopteris assimilis

  48. Bugle, Pyramidal  ______  IC  22  Ajuga pyramidalis   Mint family
  49. Burnet, Salad (or Great)  ______  IC  46  Sanguisorba officinalis   Rose family
  50. Bur-reed, Floating  ______  IC  381  Sparganium angustifolium

  51. Bur-reed, Northern  ______  IC  379  Sparganium hyperboreum

  52. Bur-reed, Small (or Least)  ______  IC  380  Sparganium minimum

  53. Buttercup, Arctic  ______  IC  196  Ranunculus hyperboreus   Buttercup family
  54. Buttercup, Creeping  ______  IC  186  Ranunculus repens   Buttercup family
  55. Buttercup, Glacier  ______  IC  80  Ranunculus glacialis   Buttercup family
  56. Buttercup, Meadow  ______  IC  185  Ranunculus acris   Buttercup family
  57. Buttercup, Pygmy  ______  IC  195  Ranunculus pygmaeus   Buttercup family
  58. Butterwort, Alpine  ______  IC  Pinguicula alpina

  59. Butterwort, Common  ______  IC  27  Pinguicula vulgaris   Bladderwort family

  60. Campion, Moss  ______  IC  66   

  61. Campion, Sea  ______  IC  88  

  62. Caraway  ______  IC  140  Carum carvi   Parsley family
  63. Cassiope  ______  IC  169  Cassiope hypnoides   Heath family
  64. Catchfly, Alpine  ______  IC  43  Lychnis alpina   Pink family
  65. Cats-foot, Alpine  ______  IC  274  Antennaria alpina

  66. Cats-foot, Red Alpine  ______  IC  Viscaria alpina

  67. Cats-tail, Alpine  ______  IC  421  Phleum alpinum

  68. Cats-tail, Timothy  ______  IC  420  Phleum pratense

  69. Chickweed, Common  ______  IC  124  Stellaria media   Pink family
  70. Chickweed, Mountain  ______  IC  Cerastium cerastoides

  71. Cicely, Sweet  ______  IC  141  Myrrhis odorata   Parsley family
  72. Cinquefoil, Alpine  ______  IC  182  



  73. Cinquefoil, Marsh  ______  IC  56  Potentilla palustris  Rose family
  74. Clawmoss  ______  IC  Huperzia selago

  75. Clover, Alsike  ______  IC  181  Trifolium hybridum   Legume, or Pea family
  76. Clover, Red  ______  IC  63  



  77. Clover, White  ______  IC  179  Trifolium repens   Legume, or Pea family
  78. Clubmoss, Alpine  ______  IC  305  Lycopodium alpinium   Clubmoss family
  79. Clubmoss, Fir  ______  IC  307  Lycopodium selago   Clubmoss family
  80. Clubmoss, Interrupted  ______  IC  308  Lycopodium annotinum   Clubmoss family
  81. Clubmoss, Lesser  ______  IC  309  Seleginella selaginoides   Spikemoss family 
  82. Clubmoss, Stag's-horn  ______  IC  306  Lycopodium clavatum   Clubmoss family
  83. Colt's-foot  ______  IC  217  Tussilago farfara   Daisy, or Aster family
  84. Coralroot  (or Coralroot Orchid)  ______  IC  267  Corallorrhiza trifida   Orchid family
  85. Cornel, Dwarf  ______  IC  87  Cornus suecica   Dogwood family
  86. Cotton-grass, Common  ______  IC  374  Eriophorum angustifolium 

  87. Cotton-grass, Schewchzer's  ______  IC  375  Eriophorum scheuchzeri  

  88. Couch, Bearded  ______  IC  422  Elymus caninus

  89. Couchgrass  (or Common Couch)  ______  IC  424  Elymus (was Agropyron) repens

    Couch,     or Couchgrass is also known as Wheat-grass.
  90. Cowberry  ______  IC  170  Vaccinium vitas-idaea   Heath family
  91. Cow-wheat, Wood  (or Cow-wheat, Small)   ______  IC  206  Melampyrum sylvaticum   Figwort family
  92. Cranberry, Small  ______  IC  60  Vaccinium microcarpum   Heath family
  93. Crane's-bill, Wood  ______  IC  33



  94. Crowberry  ______  IC  275  Empetrum nigrum   Crowberry family
  95. Crowfoot, Thread-leaved Water  ______  IC  103  Ranunculus trichophyllus   Buttercup family
  96. Cudweed, Dwarf  ______  IC  272  Omalotheca supina   Daisy, or Aster family
  97. Cudweed, Heath  ______  IC  271  Omalotheca sylvatica   Daisy, or Aster family
  98. Cudweed, Highland  ______  IC  270  Omalotheca novergica   Daisy, or Aster family
  99. Cudweed, Marsh  ______  IC  273  Filaginella uliginosa   Daisy, or Aster family
  100. Cudweed, Wood  ______  IC  Omalotheca silvatica   Daisy, or Aster family
  101. Currant, Red  ______  IC  Ribes rubrum

  102. Daisy, Oxeye  ______  IC  82  Leucanthemum vulgare   Daisy, or Aster family
  103. Dandelion, Common  ______  IC  210  Taraxacum sp.   Daisy, or Aster family  

  104. Deadnettle, Red  ______  IC  42  Lamium purpureum   Mint family
  105. Deadnettle, Intermediate  ______  IC  Lamium molucellifolium   Mint family
  106. Deadnettle, White  ______  IC  178  Lamium album   Mint family
  107. Deergrass  ______  IC  379  Trichophorum caespitosum

  108. Dewcup, Cluster  ______  IC  Alchemilla glomerulans

  109. Dewcup, Kidney-shaped  ______  IC  Alchemilla murbeckiana

  110. Dewcup, Scalloped  ______  IC  Alchemilla subcrenata

  111. Dewcup, Silvery  ______  IC  Alchemilla wichurae

  112. Dewcup, Slope  ______  IC  Alchemilla glabra

  113. Dewcup, Thread-stemmed  ______  IC  Alchemilla filicaulis

     Others in the genus Alchemilla is listed here as Mantle, Lady's  (or Lady's Mantles). 
  114. Diapensia  ______  IC  104  Diapensia lapponica

  115. Ditchgrass  ______  IC  Ruppia cirrhosa

  116. Dock, Broad-leaved  ______  IC  Rumex obtusifolius

  117. Dock, Curled  ______  IC  264  Rumex crispus   Dock family
  118. Dock, Garden (or Northern)  ______  IC  263  Rumex longifolius   Dock family
  119. Dog-rose, Glaucous   ______  IC  Rosa dumalis

    The Glaucous Dog-rose is a protected species in Iceland.  
  120. Eelgrass, Common  ______  IC  378  Zostera marina

  121. Everlasting, Mountain Alpine  ______  IC  Antennaria alpina

  122. Eyebright, Cold  ______  IC  176  Euphrasia frigida   Figwort family
  123. Eyebright, Davidson's  ______  IC  Euphrasia davidsonii   Figwort family
  124. Eyebright, Round-leaved  ______  IC  Euphrasia rotundifolia   Figwort family
  125. Eyebright  sp.  ______  IC  an additional 4 species in Iceland in Euphrasia: calida, curta, nemorosa, stricta  

    The Eyebright species Euphrasia calida is a protected plant in Iceland. It is a hot-spring variety. 
     
  126. Felwort, Marsh (or Arctic)  ______  IC  14  Lomatogonium rotatum   Gentian family
  127. Fern, Parsley  ______  IC  305  Cryptogamma crispa

  128. Fescue, Creeping (or Red)  ______  IC  409  Festuca rubra

  129. Fescue, Meadow  ______  IC  410  Festuca pratensis

  130. Fescue, Proliferous (or Vivparous)  ______  IC  411  Festuca vivipara

  131. Fescue, Richardson's (or Arctic)  ______  IC  408  Festuca richardsonii

  132. Fescue Sheep's  ______  IC  Festuca ovina

  133. Filmy-fern, Wilson's  ______  IC  297  Hymenophyllum wilsonii

  134. Fireweed, Arctic  ______  IC  Linium angustifolium intermedium
    Fireweed, Common  ______  IC  Linium angustifolium angustifolium

  135. Flax, Purging  (or Fairy Flax)  ______  IC  125  Linum catharticum

  136. Fleabane, Boreal (or Alpine)  ______  IC  77  Erigeron borealis   Daisy, or Aster family
  137. Fleabane, Dwarf  ______  IC  79  Erigeron uniflorus   Daisy or Aster family
  138. Fleabane, Lowly (or Snow)  ______  IC  78  Erigeron humilis   Daisy, or Aster family
  139. Fleabane, Woolly-headed  ______  IC  Erigeron uniflorus   Daisy, or Aster family
  140. Flixweed  ______  IC  199  Descurainia sophia

  141. Flotegrass  (or Floating Sweet-grass)  ______  IC  397  Glyceria fluitans

  142. Fog, Yorkshire  ______  IC  398  Holcus lanatus

  143. Forget-me-not, Common (or Field)  ______  IC  15  Myosotis arvensis  Borage family
  144. Forget-me-not, Early  ______  IC  Myosotis ramosissima   Borage family
  145. Forget-me-not, Strict  ______  IC  18  Myosotis stricta   Borage family
  146. Forget-me-not, Water  ______  IC  16  Myosotis scorpioides   Borage family
  147. Forget-me-not, Yellow and Blue  ______  IC  Myosotis discolor   Borage family
  148. Foxtail, Marsh  ______  IC  418  Alopecurus geniculatus   Grass family
  149. Foxtail, Meadow  ______  IC  417  Alopecurus pratensis   Grass family
  150. Foxtail, Orange  ______  IC  419  Alopecurus aequalis   Grass family
  151. Garlic, Field  ______  IC   Allium oleraceum

    Field Garlic     is a protected species in Iceland.
  152. Gentian, Alpine  ______  IC  12  Gentiana nivalis   Gentian family
  153. Gentian, Autumn  ______  IC  175  Gentianella amarella   Gentian family
  154. Gentian, Field  ______  IC  35  Gentianella campestris   Gentian family
  155. Gentian, Northern (or Golden)  ______  IC  36  Gentianella aurea   Gentian family
  156. Gentian, Serrate  ______  IC  34  Gentianella detonsa   Gentian family
  157. Gentian, Slender  ______  IC  13  Gentianella tenella   Gentian family
  158. Gentian, Small  ______  IC  Gentianella nivalis   Gentian family
  159. Gold-of-pleasure, Common  ______  IC   Camelina sativa

  160. Gold-of-pleasure, Hairy  ______  IC   Camelina microcarpa

  161. Goldilocks  ______  IC  187   Ranunculus auricomus islandicus   Buttercup family
  162. Goosegrass, Northern  ______  IC  Phippsia distans borealis

  163. Goosegrass, Snow  ______  IC  412  Phippsia algida

  164. Grape-fern, Glossy  (or Glossy Moonwort)  ______  IC  290  Botrychium simplex

  165. Grape-fern, Lance-leaved  (or Lance-leaved Moonwort)  ______  IC  292  Botrychium lnceolatum

  166. Grass, Alpine Hair  ______  IC  388  Deschampsia alpina

  167. Grass, Heath  ______  IC   Sieglingia decumbens

  168. Grass, Tufted Hair  ______  IC  387  Deschampsia caespitosa

  169. Grass, Wavy Hair  ______  IC  389  Deschampsia flexuosa

  170. Grass-of-Parnassus  ______  IC  85  Parnassia palustris

  171. Gravelcress  ______  IC  Cardaminopsis petraea

  172. Groundsel  ______  IC  217  Senecio vulgaris

  173. Hard Fern  ______  IC  285  Blechnum spicant

  174. Harebell, Arctic  ______  IC  2  Campanula uniflora   Bellflower family
  175. Harebell, Greenland  ______  IC  1  Campanula rotundifolia   Bellflower family
  176. Hawkbit, Autumn  ______  IC  214  Leontodon autumnalis

  177. Hawk's-beard, Marsh  ______  IC  215  Crepis paludosa

  178. Hawk's-beard, Mire  ______  IC  Taraxacum paludosum

  179. Hawkweed, Alpine  ______  IC  212  Hieracium alpinum   Daisy, or Aster family
  180. Hawkweed, Blackening  ______  IC   Hieracium nigrescens   Daisy, or Aster family
  181. Hawkweed, Icelandic  ______  IC  213  Pilosella islandica

  182. Hawkweed, Mouse-ear  ______  IC  Hieracium pilosella

  183. Heath, Blue  ______  IC  Phyllodoce coerulea

  184. Heath, Mountain  ______  IC  Phyllodoce coerulea

  185. Heather  ______  IC  65  Calluna vulgaris   Heath family
  186. Heath-grass  ______  IC  Sieglingia decumbens (was Danthonia decumbens)

    Heath-grass     is a protected plant in Iceland.
  187. Hempnettle, Common  ______  IC  57  Galeopsis tetrahit   Mint family
  188. Henbit  ______  IC  Lamium amplexicaule 

  189. Holly Fern  ______  IC  286  Polystichum lonchitis   Fern family
  190. Holy-grass  ______  IC  399  Hierochloe odorata   Grass family
  191. Horsetail, Common (or Field)  ______  IC  248  Equisetum arvense   Horsetail family
    Horsetail, Northern  ______  IC  Equisetum arvense borealis 
  192. Horsetail, Marsh  ______  IC  247  Equisetum palustre   Horsetail family
  193. Horsetail, Rough  ______  IC  253  Equisetum hyemale   Horsetail family
  194. Horsetail, Shady  ______  IC  249  PH

  195. Horsetail, Variegated  ______  251  Equisetum variegatum   Horsetail family
  196. Horsetail, Water  ______  246  Equisetum fluviatile   Horsetail family
  197. Horsetail, Wood  ______  250  Equisetum sylvaticum   Horsetail family
  198. Icecup  ______   Beckwithia glacialis 

  199. Juniper, Common  ______  278  Juniperus communis   Cypress family
  200. Knautia, Field  (or Scabious, Field)  ______  20  Knautia arvensis 

  201. Knotgrass, Common  ______  131  Polygonum aviculare   Dock family
  202. Kobresia, Bellard's  ______  376  Kobresia myosuroides   Grass family 
  203. Koenigia, Iceland  (or Iceland-purslane)  ______  129  Koenigia islandica   Dock family
  204. Ladder, Jacob's  ______  Polemonium caeruleum

  205. Lady-fern  ______  299  Athyrium filix-femina   Lady-fern family
  206. Lady-fern, Alpine  ______  300  Athyrium distentifolium   Lady-fern family
  207. Ling  ______  Calluna vulgaris

  208. Lopgrass  (or Hungarian Brome)  ______  413  Bromus hordeaceus

  209. Lousewort, Upright  ______  207  Pedicularis flammea   Figwort family
  210. Lovage, Northern (or Scots)  ______  139  Ligusticum scoticum   Parsley family
  211. Lupin, Alaskan  ______  6  PH

  212. Lymegrass, European  ______  425  Leymus arenarius

  213. Male-fern  ______  302  Dryopteris filix-mas

  214. Male-fern  ______  Dryopteris abbreviata

  215. Mantle, Alpine Lady's  ______  219  PH

  216. Mantle, Common Lady's  ______  220  Alchemilla vulgaris   Rose family
  217. Mantle, Faeroeic Lady's  ______  221  Alchemilla faeroensis   Rose family
  218. Mares-tail, Common  ______  244  Hippuris vulgaris   Plantain family
  219. Mares-tail, Four-leaved  ______  245  Hippuris tetraphylla  Plantain family
  220. Marigold, Arctic  ______  Caltha minor

  221. Marigold, Marsh  ______  181  PH

  222. Mat-grass  ______  427  Nardus stricta   Grass family
  223. Mayweed, Pineapple  ______  Matricaria matricarioides

  224. Mayweed, Scentless  ______  Matricaria maritima

  225. Mayweed, Sea  ______  81  PH  Tripleurospermum maritimum

  226. Meadow-grass, Alpine  ______  402  Poa alpina   Grass family
  227. Meadow-grass, Annual  ______  406  Poa annua   Grass family
  228. Meadow-grass, Arctic  ______  Poa arctica   Grass family
  229. Meadow-grass, Black  ______  Poa balfourii   Grass family
  230. Meadow-grass, Blue (or Glaucous)  ______  404  Poa glauca   Grass family
  231. Meadow-grass, Common (or Smooth)  ______  400  Poa pretensis   Grass family
  232. Meadow-grass, Narrow-leaved  ______  Poa angustifolia   Grass family
  233. Meadow-grass, Rough  ______  401  Poa trivialis

  234. Meadow-grass, Spreading  ______  Poa subcoerulea

  235. Meadow-grass, Wavy  ______  403  Pos flexuosa

  236. Meadow-grass, Wood  ______  405  Poa nemoralis

  237. Meadow-rue, Alpine  ______  32  Thalictrum alpinum   Buttercup family
  238. Meadowsweet  ______  135  Filipendula ulmaria   Rose family
  239. Milkwort, Sea  ______  71  Glaux maritima   Primrose family
  240. Millet, Wood  ______  386  Milium effusum

  241. Moonwort, Common  ______  289  Botrychium lunaria   Adder's-tongue family 
  242. Moonwort, Northern  ______  291  Botrychium boreale   Adder's-tongue family 
  243. Moorgrass, Blue  ______  416  Sesieria caerulea

  244. Moorgrass, White  ______  Sesleria albicans

  245. Moss, Dovedale  ______  Saxifraga hypnoides 

  246. Moss, Stag's horn  ______  Lycopodium clavatum

  247. Mossplant  ______  Harrimanella hypnoides

  248. Mouse-ear, Alpine  ______  89  PH

  249. Mouse-ear, Arctic  ______  91  Cerastium arcticum   Pink family
  250. Mouse-ear, Common  ______  111  Cerastium fontanum   Pink family
    Mouse-ear, Nordic  ______  Cerastium fontanum scandicum
  251. Mouse-ear, Smooth  ______  90  Cerastium glabratum   Pink family
  252. Mouse-ear, Starwort  ______  92  Cerastium cerastoides   Pink family
  253. Mouse-ear, Sticky  ______  112  Cerastium glomeratum   Pink family
  254. Mudwort  ______  70  Limosella aquatica   Figwort family
  255. Nettle, Burning (or Small)  ______  254  Urtica urens   Nettle family
  256. Nettle, Stinging  (or Common)  ______  253  Urtica dioeca   Nettle family
  257. Oak-fern  ______  303  Gymnocarpium dryopteris

  258. Oat  ______  Avena sativa

  259. Oatgrass, False  ______  Arrhenatherum elatius

  260. Oatgrass, Hairy  ______  Helictotrichon pubescens

  261. Orache, Common  ______  Atriplex patula 

  262. Orache, Longfoot (or Long-stalked)  ______  258  Atriplex longipes   Goosefoot family
  263. Orache, Smoothish (or Babington's)  ______  259  Atriplex glabriuscula   Goosefoot family
  264. Orchid, Broad-leaved Marsh  ______  Dactylorhiza majalis

  265. Orchid, Common Spotted  ______  Dactylorhiza fuchsii

  266. Orchid, Frog  ______  266  Coeloglossum viride
    Orchid, Icelandic Frog  ______  Coeloglossum viride islandicum

  267. Orchid, Icelandic Spotted  ______  40  Dactylorbiza maculata islandica
    a subspecies of the Heath Spotted Orchid

  268. Orchid, Northern Green  ______  223  Platantherea hyperborea   Orchid family
  269. Orchid, White  (or Small-white Orchid)  ______  224  Pseudorchis albida   Orchid family
  270. Oysterplant  ______  17  PH

  271. Pansy, Wild  ______  25  Viola tricolor   Violet family
  272. Paris, Herb  ______  225  Potamogeton gramineus   Birchroot family
  273. Parsley, Cow  ______  142  Anthriscus sylvestris   Parsley family
  274. Pea, Marsh  ______  5  Lathyrus palustris   Legume or Pea family
  275. Pea, Sea  ______  38  Lathyrus japonicus maritimus   Legume or Pea family
  276. Pearlplant (or Pearlwort), Knotted  ______  122  Sagina nodosa   Pink family
  277. Pearlplant (or Pearlwort), Snow  ______  160  Sagina nivalis   Pink family
  278. Pearlplant (or Pearlwort), Tufted  ______  123  Sagina caespitosa   Pink family
  279. Pearlwort, Alpine  ______  120   Sagina saginoides   Pink family
  280. Pearlwort, Procumbent  ______  222  Sagina procumbens   Pink family
  281. Pearlwort, Sharp-leaved (or Heath)  ______  121  Sagina subulata   Pink family
  282. Pennycress, Field  (or Field Bittercress)  ______  152  Thiaspi arvense

  283. Pennywort, Marsh  ______  132  Hydrocotyle vulgaris   Parsley family
  284. Pepperwort  ______  Lepidium campestre

  285. Plantain, Great (or Greater)  ______  255  Plantago major   Plantain family
  286. Plantain, Ribwort  ______  256  Plantago lanceolata   Plantain family
  287. Plantain, Sea  ______  257  Plantago maritima   Plantain family
  288. Polypody. Common  ______  294  Polypodium vulgare   in POLYPODIACEAE, a family of polypod ferns
  289. Pondweed, Broad-leaved  ______  228  Potamogeton natans   Pondweed family
  290. Pondweed, Clasping-leaved (or Perfoliate)  ______  230  Potamogeton perfoliatus   Pondweed family
  291. Pondweed, Horned  ______  233  Zannichellia palustris 

  292. Pondweed, Lesser  ______  232  Potamogeton pusillus   Pondweed family
  293. Pondweed, Long-stalked  ______  229  Potamogeton praelongus   Pondweed family
  294. Pondweed, Reddish  (or Red)  ______  227  Potamogeton alpinus   Pondweed family
  295. Pondweed, Slender-leaved  ______  231  Potamogeton filiformis   Pondweed family
  296. Pondweed, Small  ______  Potamogeton berchtoldii

  297. Pondweed, Tassel  ______  Ruppia spiralis

  298. Pondweed, Various-leaved  ______  226  Potamogeton gramineus   Pondweed family
  299. Poppy, Arctic  ______  190  PH  Papaver radicatum   Poppy family
    Poppy, Stefansson's Icelandic  ______  Papaver radicatum stefanssonii  

  300. Primrose, Greenland  ______  59  Primula egaliksensis   Primrose family
  301. Primrose, Strict  ______  58  Primula stricta   Primrose family
  302. Purse, Shepard's  ______  151  Capsella bursa-pastoris

  303. Pygmyweed  ______  157  Crassula aquatica   Stonecrop family
  304. Quackgrass  ______  Elytrigia repens

  305. Quillwort  ______  Isoetes setacea

  306. Quillwort, Lake  ______  383  Isoetes lacustris

  307. Quillwort, Spring-spored  ______  Isoetes echinospora

  308. Redshank  (or Redleg)  ______  73  Persicaria maculosa  (or Polygonum persicaria)

  309. Reedgrass  ______  Phalaroides arundinacea

  310. Ribwort  ______  Plantago lanceolata

  311. Riverbeauty, Arctic  ______  48  Epilobium latifolium   Willowherb family 
  312. Robin, Ragged  ______  44  Lychnis flos-cuculi

  313. Rockcress, Alpine  ______  145  Arabis alpina   Mustard Family
  314. Rockcress, Northern  ______  146  PH

  315. #   Rockcress, Purple  ______  Braya glabella purpurescens   Mustard family
  316. Rocket, Sea  ______  147  Cakile arctica   Mustard family
  317. Rocket, Tall  ______  Sisymbrium altissimum

  318. Rocketcress, Yellow  ______   202  Barbarea vulgaris   Mustard family

    Also called simply Rocketcress, or Bittercress, or Wintercress 

  319. Rose, Burnet  ______  84  Rosa pimpinellifolia   Rose family
  320. Rose, Taeckholm's  ______  Rosa taeckholmii   

  321. Rose, Prickly  ______  Rosa vosagiaca

  322. Rosemary, Bog  ______  172  Andromeda polifolia

  323. Roseroot  ______  203  PH

  324. Rowan  ______  136  Sorbus aucuparia   Rose family
  325. Rush, Alpine  ______  312  Juncus alpinus   Rush family
  326. Rush, Arctic  ______  Juncus arcticus   Rush family
    Rush, Iceland  ______  311  Juncus arcticus intermedius
  327. Rush, Bulbous  ______  315  Juncus bulbosus   Rush family
  328. Rush, Chestnut  ______  316  Juncus castaneus   Rush family
  329. Rush, Highland (or Three-leaved)  ______  320  Juncus trifidus   Rush family
  330. Rush, Jointed  ______  312  Juncus articulatus   Rush family
  331. Rush, Saltmarsh (or Mud)  ______  318  Juncus gerardi   Rush family
  332. Rush, Thread  ______  317  Juncus filiformis   Rush family
  333. Rush, Three-flowered  ______  321  Juncus trigumis   Rush family
  334. Rush, Toad  ______  314  Juncus bufonius   Rush family
  335. Rush, Two-flowered  ______  313  Juncus biglumis   Rush family
  336. Salt Marsh Grass, Common  ______  394  Puccinellia maritima

  337. Sandwort, Mountain  ______  117  Minuartia rubella   Pink family
  338. Sandwort, Norwegian (or Arctic)  ______  115  Arenaria norvegica

  339. Sandwort, Sea  ______  116  PH

  340. Sandwort, Two-flowered  ______  119  Minuartia biflora   Pink family
  341. Sandwort, Teesdale  ______  118  Minuartia stricta   Pink family
  342. Saxifrage, Alpine Snow  ______  109  Saxifraga nivalis 

  343. Saxifrage, Alpine Brook  ______  106  Saxifraga rivularis

  344. Saxifrage, Arctic Brook  ______  107  Saxifraga hyperborea

  345. Saxifrage, Drooping  ______  97  Saxifraga cernua   Saxifrage family
  346. Saxifrage, Foliolose  ______  101  Saxifrage foliolosa

  347. Saxifrage, Lifelong  ______  Saxifraga aizoon

  348. Saxifrage, Meadow  ______  98  Saxifraga granulata   Saxifrage family
  349. Saxifrage, Mossy  ______  96  Saxifraga hypnoides   Saxifrage family
  350. Saxifrage, Purple  ______  39  Saxifraga oppositifolia

  351. Saxifrage, Pyramidal  ______  105  Saxifraga cotyledon

  352. Saxifrage, Rosy  ______  Saxifraga rosacea

  353. Saxifrage, Silver  ______  106  Saxifraga paniculata

  354. Saxifrage, Slender Snow  ______  110  Saxifraga tenuis

  355. Saxifrage, Starry  ______  100  Saxifraga stellaris

  356. Saxifrage, Tufted  ______  99  Saxifraga caspitosa

  357. Saxifrage, Yellow Marsh (or Marsh)  ______  188  Saxifraga hirculus

  358. Saxifrage, Yellow Mountain (or Yellow)  ______  189  Saxifraga aizoides

  359. Scurvygrass, Common  ______  155  PH

  360. Scurvywort  ______  Cochleariopsis groenlandica

  361. Seapink  ______  Armeria maritima planifolia

  362. Sedge Alpine, Black  ______  326  Carex atrata

  363. Sedge Alpine, Club-headed (or Close-headed)  ______  356  Carex norvegica

  364. Sedge Alpine, Loose-flowered  ______  Carex rariflora

  365. Sedge, Bicolored  ______  327  Carex bicolor

  366. Sedge Bog, Common  ______  346  Carex limosa

  367. Sedge, Bottle  ______  362  Carex rostrata

  368. Sedge, Bristle  ______  353  Carex microglochin

  369. Sedge, Brownish  ______  329  Carex brunnescens

  370. Sedge, Capitate  ______  332  Carex capitata

  371. Sedge, Carnation  ______  358  Carex panicea

  372. Sedge, Club  ______  330  Carex buxbaumi

  373. Sedge, Common  ______  355  Carex nigra
    Sedge, Common Tufty  ______  Carex nigra juncella  

  374. Sedge, Curved  ______  352  Carex maritima

  375. Sedge, Dioecious  ______  338  Carex dioeca

  376. Sedge, Flea  ______  360  Carex pulicaris

  377. Sedge, Glacier  ______  342  Carex glacialis

  378. Sedge, Glaucous  ______  340  Carex flacca

  379. Sedge, Goodenough's  ______  Carex goodenoughii

  380. Sedge, Gravel  ______  Carex glareosa

  381. Sedge, Hair  ______  331  Carex capillaris

  382. Sedge, Hare's-foot  ______  345  Carex lachenalii

  383. Sedge, Hoppner  ______  368  Carex subspathacea

  384. Sedge, Hudson Bay  ______  343  Carex helenastes

  385. Sedge, Large Yellow  ______  341  Carex flava

  386. Sedge, Lesser Tussock  ______  337  Carex diamndra

  387. Sedge, Lyngbye's  ______  348  Carex lyngbyei

  388. Sedge, Mud  ______  Carex limosa

  389. Sedge, Nard  ______  354  Carex nardina

  390. Sedge, Norway  ______  349  Carex machenziei

  391. Sedge, Pale  ______  357  Carex pallescens

  392. Sedge, Pill  ______  359  Carex pilulifera

  393. Sedge, Porsild's  ______  344  Carex krausei

  394. Sedge, Red  ______  363  Carex rufina

  395. Sedge, Rock  ______  364  Carex rupestris

  396. Sedge, Russet  ______  366  Carex saxatilis

  397. Sedge, Sheathed  ______  369  Carex vaginata

  398. Sedge, Small-fruited Yellow  ______  367  Carex serotina

  399. Sedge, Somber  ______  Carex pallescens

  400. Sedge, Spring  ______  Carex caryophyllea

  401. Sedge, Star  ______  339  Carex echinata

  402. Sedge, Stiff  ______  328  Carex bigelowii

  403. Sedge, String  ______  334  Carex chorodorrhiza

  404. Sedge, Thick-headed  ______  350  Carex mackloviana

  405. Sedge, Common Tufty  ______  Carex nigra juncella

  406. Sedge, White  ______  335  Carex curta

  407. Selfheal, Common  ______  31  Prunella vulgaris

  408. Shoreweed  ______  235  Littorella uniflora

  409. Shorewort, Northern  ______  Mertensia maritima

  410. Sibbaldia, Creeping  ______  197  Sibbaldia procumbens   Rose family
  411. Silverweed  ______  184  Potentilla anserina   Rose family
  412. Small-reed, Narrow  ______  393  Calamagrostis stricta

  413. Sneezewort  ______  144  Achillea ptarmica   Daisy or Aster family
  414. Sorrel, Common  ______  261  Rumex acetosa   Dock family
  415. Sorrel, Mountain  ______  265  Oxyria digyna   Dock family

  416. Sorrel, Sheep's  ______  262  Rumex acetosella   Dock family
  417. Spearwort, Adder's-tongue  (or Small Adder's-tongue)  ______  293  Ophioglossum azoricum

  418. Spearwort, Creeping  ______  194  PH

  419. Speedwell, Alpine  ______  8  Veronica alpina  Figwort family
  420. Speedwell, Common (or Heath)  ______  28  Veronica officinalis   Figwort family
  421. Speedwell, Germander  ______  10  Veronica chamaedrys   Figwort family
  422. Speedwell, Marsh  ______  30  Veronica scutellata   Figwort family
  423. Speedwell, Rock  ______  7  Veronica fruticans   Figwort family
  424. Speedwell, Thyme-leaved  ______  9  Veronica serrphllifolia   Figwort family
  425. Speedwell, Blue Water  ______  29  Veronica anagalis-aquatica   Figwort family
  426. Spike-rush, Common  ______  371  Eleocharis palustris

  427. Spike-rush, Few-flowered  ______  372  Eleocharis quinqueflora

  428. Spike-rush, Slender, or Swamp  ______  373  Eleocharis uniglumis  

  429. Spleenwort, Forked  ______  Asplenium septentrionale

    Forked Spleenwort     is a protected species in Iceland.
  430. Spleenwort, Green  ______  287  Asplenium viride   a FERN
  431. Spleenwort, Maidenhair  ______  288  Asplenium trichomanes   a FERN
  432. Spurrey, Cliff  ______  Spergula salina

  433. Spurrey, Corn  ______  113  Spergula arvensis   Pink family
  434. Spurrey, Sea  (or Lesser)  ______  114  Spergularia marina

  435. Starwort, Common Water  ______  240  Callitriche stagnalis   Plantain family
  436. Starwort, Intermediate  ______  Callitriche intermedia

  437. Starwort, Northern  (or Autumn Water-starwort)  ______  240  Callitriche hermaphroditica

  438. Starwort, Pedunculate Water  ______  238   Callitriche brutia

  439. Starwort, Vernal  ______  Callitriche verna

  440. Starwort Water, Spiny  ______  236  Callitriche palustris   Plantain family
  441. Stitchwort, Fleshy  ______  126  Stellaria crassifolia   Pink family
  442. Stitchwort, Lesser  ______  Stellaria graminea   Pink family
  443. Stitchwort, Low  ______  128  Stellaria humifusa   Pink family
  444. Stitchwort, Northern  ______  127 Stellaria calycantha   Pink family
  445. Stonecrop, Annual  ______  193  Sedum annuum   Stonecrop family
  446. Stonecrop, Biting  ______  192  Sedum acre   Stonecrop family
  447. Stonecrop, Hairy  ______  64  PH

  448. Strawberry, Wild  ______  86  PH

  449. Succisa, Devil's-bit  (or Devil's-bit Scabious)   ______  19  Succisa pretensis

  450. Sundew, Round-leaved  (or Common)  ______  132  PH

  451. Tasselweed, Beaked  ______  234  Ruppia maritima   in family RUPPIACEAE  (Ditch Grass)
  452. Thistle, Creeping  ______  41

  453. Thrift  ______  67

  454. Thyme, Arctic  ______  45  Thymus praecox arcticus

  455. Thyme, Hairy  ______  Thymus praecox

  456. Tillaea, Water  ______  Crassula aquatica


    Timothy  ______   see Cat's-tail, Timothy

  457. Tormentil  ______  183  Potentilla erecta   Rose family
  458. Treaclemustard, Hawkweed-leaved  ______  200

  459. Trefoil, Birdsfoot  ______  Lotus corniculatus

    Another name, in North America, is Birdfoot Deervetch.
  460. Trisetum, Soft Hairy  ______  Trisetum triflorum

  461. Trisetum, Spike  ______  Trisetum spicatum

  462. Twayblade, Common  ______  269   Listera ovata   Orchid family
  463. Twayblade, Lesser  ______  268  Listera cordata   Orchid family 
  464. Twitch, Don's  ______  Agropyron donianum

  465. Valerian, Common  ______  69  Valeriana officinalis

  466. Velvetgrass  ______  Holcus lantus

  467. Vernal-grass, Sweet  ______  414

  468. Vetch, Bush  ______  4

  469. Vetch, Common Kidney  ______  209  Anthyllis vulneraria   Legume, or Pea family
  470. Vetch, Tufted  ______  3

  471. Vetchling, Meadow  ______  205  Lathyrus pratensis   Legume, or Pea family
  472. Violet, Alpine Marsh  ______  26

  473. Violet, Common  ______  24  Viola riviniana

  474. Violet, Heath Dog  ______  23  Viola canina

  475. Violet, Northern Marsh  ______  Viola epipsila

  476. Water-milfoil, Loose-flowered  (or Alternate Water-milfoil)  ______  241  Myriophyllum alterniflorum

  477. Water-milfoil, Spiked  ______  242  Myriophyllum spicatum   Water-milfoil family
  478. Weed, Pineapple  ______  218  Chamomilia suaveolens   Daisy, or Aster family
  479. Wheatgrass, Bearded  ______  Elymus caninus

  480. Whitlow-grass, Alpine  ______  202  Draba alpina

    Other whitlow-grasses in this alphabetical list as bitterworts. 
  481. Whitlow-grass, Common  ______  158  Erophila verna

  482. Whorlgrass, Water  ______  Catabrosa aquatica

  483. Whortleberry, Bog  (or Bog Bilberry)  ______  76 PH  Vaccinium uliginosum

  484. Willow, Arctic  ______  284  Salix arctica   Willow family
  485. Willow, Broad-leaved (or Bluish)  ______  282  Salix callicarpaea   Willow family
  486. Willow, Dwarf (or Least)  ______  280  Salix herbacea   Willow family

  487. Willow, Tea-leaved  ______  283  Salix phylicifolia   Willow family
  488. Willow, Woolly  ______  281  Salix lanata   Willow family

  489. Willowherb, Alpine  ______  Epilobium anagallidifolium   Willowherb family
  490. Willowherb, American  ______  Epilobium adenocaulon   Willowherb family
  491. Willowherb, Chickweed  ______  49   Epilobium alsinifolium   Willowherb family
  492. Willowherb, Cliff  ______  Epilobium collinum   Willowherb family
  493. Willowherb, Hornemann's  ______  50  Epiloblum hornemanni   Willowherb family
  494. Willowherb, Marsh  ______  Epilobium palustre   Willowherb family
  495. Willowherb, Milky-flowered (or Milky)  ______  159  Epilobium lactiflorum   Willowherb family
  496. Willowherb, Rosebay  ______  47  Epilobium angustifolium   Willowherb family
  497. Wintergreen, Arctic  ______  173  Pyrola grandiflora   Wintergreen family
  498. Wintergreen, Chickweed  ______  Trientalis europaea

  499. Wintergreen, Common  ______  172  Pyrola minor   Wintergreen family
  500. Wintergreen, Serrated  ______  174  Orthilia secunda   Wintergreen family
  501. Wood-rush, Curved  ______  322  Luzula arcuata

  502. Wood-rush, Many-headed  ______
    Wood-rush, Northern Many-headed  ______   Luzula multiflora frigida

  503. Wood-rush, Northern  ______  Luzula confusa

  504. Wood-rush, Spiked  ______  324  Luzula spicata   Rush family
  505. Wood-rush, Sudetan  ______  325  Luzula sudetica   Rush family
  506. Woodsia, Alpine  ______  296  Woodsia alpina   a FILMY FERN
  507. Woodsia, Fragrant (or Oblong)  ______  295  Woodsia ilvensis   a FILMY FERN
  508. Wood-sorrel  ______  94  Oxalia acelosella   Wood-sorrel family
  509. Yarrow, Common  ______  Achillea millefolium

  510. Yellowcress, Marsh  ______  Rorippa islandica

  511. Yellowrattle, Small  ______  208  Rhinanthus minor   Figwort family  




     GROUPINGS OF PLANTS IN ICELAND BY HABITAT    
     

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