PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA
E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555
 or 302/529-1876

 

Amphibians  
and Reptiles 

of Costa Rica
and Panama  

Noting those found during 
Focus On Nature Tours with an (*)

including: 
Salamanders
Toads & Frogs (seen or heard), 
Turtles
Lizards
Snakes

A list compiled by Armas Hill

UPPER RIGHT PHOTO: A SPECTACLED CAIMAN photographed during the FONT tour
in southern Costa Rica in March 2012  (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)   

Links within this List:

 AMPHIBIANS:      Caecilians    Salamanders    Toads & Frogs

REPTILES:   Turtles    Crocodile & Caiman    Snakes

Lizards:    Geckos    Basilisks    Iguanas    Anoles    Whiptails  


Other Links:
Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Central America      

Birds in:  Costa Rica    Panama

Mammals & some Other Wildlife in Costa Rica  (with some photos)
A List of Central American Butterflies & Moths, in 6 Parts  (with some photos)

Directory of Photos in this Website

  Codes:
      (*): seen, or heard, during FONT tours 

        a: sometimes (in southern CR) seen from a low-flying airplane
        b: after dark, at a nesting site on a CR beach. Also, at times, hatchlings seen.

        Threatened species, designated in the IUCN Red Data List: 
        t1: critically endangered (some possibly extinct)
        t2: endangered
        t3: vulnerable

        CR: Costa Rica
        PN: Panama

        In Costa Rica:
        A: Atlantic, or Caribbean, side of the country
        P: Pacific side of the country
        NP: the northern Pacific side
        SP: the southern Pacific side
        H: in the highlands
        N: in northern Costa Rica
        S: in southern Costa Rica  


(xcd):  recording on the CD "Vocalizations of Frogs & Toads from the Barro Colorado Nature Monument, Soberania National Park and adjacent areas" (in central Panama), by Roberto Ibanez D., A. Stanley Rand, Michael J. Ryan, & Cesar A, Jaramillo. 
The "x" above refers to the number noted below of the numerical position on the CD.    

(ph):  species with a photo in the FONT website  
 

      

          AMPHIBIANS:


          Family CAECILIAIDAE  (Caecilians) 

  1. Slender Caecilian ______ CR
    Dermophis parviceps
  2. Purple Caecilian ______ CR    
    Gymnopis multiplicata

    Order CAUDATA  (Salamanders)


    Family PLETHODONTIDAE  (Lungless Salamanders)

  3. Alvarado�s Salamander ______ CR
    Bolitoglossa alvaradoi

  4. Ridge-headed Salamander ______ CR
    Bolitoglossa colonnea

  5. Bark-colored Salamander ______ CR
    Bolitoglossa lignicolor

  6. Ring-tailed Salamander ______ CR
    Bolitoglossa robusta

  7. Striated Salamander ______ CR
    Bolitoglossa striatula

  8. Mountain Salamander ______ CR
    Bolitoglossa subpalmata

  9. Worm Salamanders ______ CR
    Oedipina species

    Order ANURA  (Frogs & Toads)

    Family RHINOPHRYNIDAE  (Mexican Burrowing Toad)

  10. Mexican Burrowing Toad ______ CR
    Rhinophrynus dorsalis
     |

    Family BUFONIDAE  (Toads)          (the Harlequin Frogs are actually in the Toad family)

  11. Chiriqui Harlequin Frog ______ CR
    Atelopus chiriquiensis

  12. Variable Harlequin Frog ______ CR,PN  (also called Veragosa Stubfoot Toad)
    Atelopus varius

  13. Atelopus senex ______ CR

         All 3 species of Atelopus have disappeared from areas in CR where they were once common, and may now be extinct.

  14. Crepidophryne epiotica ______ CR (this small obscure toadlet in the Talamanca Mountains is rare)

  15. Dry Forest Toad ______ CR,PN
    Bufo coccifer

  16. Green Climbing Toad (4cd) (*) ______  CR,PN  (also called Evergreen Toad)
    Bufo coniferus

  17. Smooth-skinned Toad (6cd) ______ CR,PN  (also called Litter Toad)
    Bufo haematiticus

  18. Giant Toad (2cd) (*) ______ CR,PN  (also called Marine Toad or Cane Toad)
    Bufo marinus

  19. Golden Toad ______ CR  (also called Monteverde Toad) (apparently extinct)
    Bufo periglenes

  20. Bufo fastidiosus ______ CR (believed extinct)

  21. Bufo holdridgei ______ CR (believed extinct)

  22. Gulf Coast Toad  (ph)  ______ CR
    Bufo valliceps



    A Gulf Coast Toad during a FONT tour
         (photo by Pete Mooney)

  23. Bufo granulosus (3cd) ______ PN

  24. Bufo typhonius (5cd) ______ PN


         During a FONT tour in southern Costa Rica, a Bufo toad was once seen in the forest on a tree-limb agitating birds: hummingbirds, manakins, and trogons. It was Bufo coniferus, the Green Climbing Toad.


    Family CENTROLENIDAE  (Glass Frogs) 

     As of now, there are 14 species in Costa Rica, and about 150 species throughout Central and South America.

    Until 1991, all species in the 3 genera were thought to belong to a single genus, Centrolenella.

  25. Ghost Glass Frog ______ CR
    Centrolenella ilex

  26. Emerald Glass Frog (10cd) ______ CR,PN
    Centrolene prosoblepon

  27. Ilex Grass Frog ______ PN
    Centrolene ilex

  28. Granular Glass Frog (8cd) ______ PN
    Cochranella granulosa

  29. Cochranella spinosa (7cd) ______ PN

  30. Cochranella euknemos (8cd) ______ PN

  31. Diane's Bare-hearted Glass Frog  ______  CR   (species discovered and described in 2015)
    Hyalinobatrachium dianae

    In Spanish: Ranade Vidrio de Diane

         By whatever name, this species became new to science as recently as in early 2015. It is named (in all 3 names here) after the mother, Diana, of the discoverer, Brian Kubicki.
    In Costa Rica (where as far as known it is endemic), it is in the eastern foothills in the provinces of Heredia and Limon.    

  32. Fleischmann�s Glass Frog (12cd) ______ CR,PN
    Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni

  33. Reticulated Glass Frog ______ CR,PN
    Hyalinobatrachium valerioi

  34. Hyalinobatrachium pulveratum (11cd) ______ PN

  35. Hyalinobatrachium colymbiphyllum (13cd) ______ PN


    Family DENDROBATIDAE  (Poison-dart Frogs, or Poison-arrow Frogs)

  36. Talamanca Rocket (or Dart) Frog (15cd) ______ CR,PN
    Colostethus talamancae

  37. Highland Dart Frog ______ PN
    Colostethus nubicola

  38. Colostethus inguinalis (14cd) ______ PN

  39. Colostethus flotator (16cd) ______ PN

  40. Yellow-bellied Dart Frog ______ PN
    Minyobates tulguritus

  41. Minyobates minutus (17cd) ______ PN

  42. Green-and-black Poison-dart Frog (18cd) (*) (ph)  ______ CR,PN
    Dendrobates auratus



    Green-and-black Poison-dart Frog
         (photo by Marie Grenouillet)

  43. Granular Poison-dart Frog  (*) ______ CR
    Dendrobates grannuliferus

  44. Strawberry Poison-dart Frog  (*) ______ CR,PN  (�Blue-jeans Frog�)
    Dendrobates pumilio

  45. (Yellow-) Striped Poison-dart Frog ______ CR,PN
    Phyllobates lugubris

  46. Golfo Dulce Poison-dart Frog  (*) ______ CR  (endemic to Costa Rica) 
    Phyllobates vittatus

         Phyllobates vittatus is also called the Orange-and-Black Poison-dart Frog. 

    Frogs in the genus Phyllobates have skin toxins that are particularly strong. 


    Family HYLIDAE  (Tree-Frogs) (There are 43 species in Costa Rica, in 10 genera.)

  47. Red-eyed (or Gaudy) Tree Frog (19cd) (*) (ph)  ______ CR,PN  (also called Red-eyed Leaf Frog)
    Agalychnis callidryas



     Above & below: the Red-eyed Tree Frog
    The photo below by Rodolphe Alexis.

  48. Parachuting Red-eyed Leaf  Frog ______ CR  (also called Misfit Leaf Frog)
    Agalychnis saltator

  49. Spurell�s Flying Frog ______ PN
    Agalychnis spurellii

  50. Barred Leaf Frog ______ PN
    Agalychnis calcarifer

  51. Crowned Tree Frog ______ CR,PN
    Anotheca spinosa

  52. Lemur Frog ______ PN
    Phyllomedusa lemur

  53. Red-eyed Stream Frog ______ CR
    Duellmanohyla     (formerly Hyla) uranochroa

  54. Hourglass (or Variegated) Tree Frog (25cd) ______ CR,PN
    Hyla ebraccata

  55. Loquacious Tree Frog ______ CR
    Hyla loquax

  56. Small-headed Tree Frog (27cd) ______ CR,PN
    Hyla microcephala

  57. Lowland Fringe-limbed Tree Frog ______ CR
    Hyla miliaria

  58. Veined Tree Frog (26cd) ______ CR,PN
    Hyla phlebodes

  59. Gladiator Tree Frog (23cd) ______ CR,PN
    Hyla rosenbergi

  60. Red-webbed Tree Frog (21cd) ______ PN
    Hyla rufitela

  61. Meadow Tree Frog ______ CR,PN
    Hyla pseudopuma

  62. Boans Tree Frog (22cd) ______ PN
    Hyla boans

  63. Hyla palmeri (20cd) ______ PN

  64. Hyla crepitans (24cd) ______ PN

  65. Milk Frog (cd32) ______ CR,PN  (also called Marbled Rubber Frog)  
    Phrynohyas venulosa

  66. Olive Tree Frog ______ CR,PN
    Scinax elaeochroa

  67. Stauffer�s Tree Frog (28cd) ______ CR,PN
    Scinax staufferi

  68. Boulenger�s Snouted Tree Frog  (31cd) ______ CR,PN
    Scinax boulengeri

  69. Scinax ruber (29cd) ______ PN

  70. Scinax rostratus (30cd) ______ PN

  71. Mexican Tree Frog (or Smilisca) ______ CR
    Smilisca baudinii

  72. Masked Tree Frog (or Smilisca) (33cd) ______ CR,PN
    Smilisca phaeota

  73. Drab Tree Frog (or Smilisca) ______ CR
    Smilisca sordida

  74. Pug-nosed Tree Frog (or Smilisca) (34cd) ______ PN
    Smilisca sila

    Family LEPTODACTYLIDAE  (Leptodactylid Frogs) (Worldwide, an extremely large family with over 800 rather diverse species, in more than 50 genera. There are about 46 species in Costa Rica.)  
    The genus Eleutherodactylus contains more species than any genus in the vertebrates, over 500.

  75. Bransford�s Litter Frog ______ CR,PN
    Eleutherodactylus bransfordii

  76. Clay-colored Rain Frog (38cd) ______ CR,PN
    Eleutherodactylus cerasinus

  77. Golden-groined Rain Frog ______ CR
    Eleutherodactylus cruentus

  78. Common Tink Frog (41cd) ______ CR,PN
    Eleutherodactylus diastema

  79. Common Rain Frog (37cd) ______ CR,PN
    Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri

  80. Broad-headed Rain Frog ______ CR
    Eleutherodactylus megacephalus

  81. Mimicking Rain Frog ______ CR
    Eleutherodactylus mimus

  82. Noble�s Rain Frog ______ CR
    Eleutherodactylus noblei

  83. Pygmy Rain Frog (39cd) ______ CR,PN
    Eleutherodactylus ridens

  84. Soft-shouldered Rain Frog (36cd) ______ PN
    Eleutherodactylus crassidigitus

  85. Brown-headed Rain Frog ______ PN
    Eleutherodactylus hiporcatus

  86. Agua Buena Robber Frog (42cd) ______ PN
    Eleutherodactylus vocator

  87. Piglet Litter Frog ______ PN
    Eleutherodactylus podiciferus

  88. Eleutherodactylus bufoniformis (35cd) ______ PN

  89. Eleutherodactylus taeniatus (40cd) ______ PN

  90. Eleutherodactylus antillensis (43cd) ______ PN

  91. Eleutherodactylus johnstonei (44cd) ______ PN

  92. Black-backed Frog ______ CR(A), PN
    Leptodactylus melanonotus

  93. Central American Bullfrog (45cd) ______ CR(A),PN  (also called Smoky Jungle Frog)
    Leptodactylus pentadactylus

  94. White-lipped Whistling-Frog (49cd) ______ CR,PN
    Leptodactylus labialis      (formerly L. fragilis)

  95. Bolivian Frog ______ CR,PN
    Leptodactylus bolivianus

  96. Leptodactylus insularum (46cd) ______ PN

  97. Leptodactylus poecilochilus (47cd) ______ PN

  98. Leptodactylus fuscus (48cd) ______ PN

  99. Tungara (or Mud Puddle) Frog (50cd) ______ CR,PN
    Physalaemus pustulosus      (the only species of the genus in Central America )

  100. Pleurodema brachyops (51cd) ______ PN

  101. Chiasmocleis panamensis (52cd) _______ PN


    Family MICROHYLIDAE  (Narrow-mouthed Frogs)

  102. Sheep Frog ______ CR
    Hypopachus variolosus

  103. Black Narrow-mouthed Frog ______ CR,PN
    Nelsonophryne aterrima

    Family RANIDAE  (True Frogs)

  104. Vaillant�s Frog (53cd) ______ CR,PN  (also called Web-footed Frog) (in CR, widespread & common)
    Rana vaillanti  (formerly known as Rana palmipes)

  105. Green-eyed Frog ______ CR (H)
    Rana vibicaria

  106. Brilliant Forest Frog ______ CR,PN  (in CR, widespread & common)
    Rana warszewitschii

  107. Forrer�s Leopard Frog ______ CR(NP)
    Rana forreri

  108. Taylor�s Frog ______ CR  (in CR, widespread & common)
    Rana taylori  (formerly known as Rana pipiens)   


    REPTILES:

    Family CHELONIIDAE (Hard-shelled Sea Turtles):     6 species worldwide 

  109. Atlantic Green (Sea) Turtle (t3) ______ CR(A), PN
    Chelonia mydas mydas
    Pacific Green (Sea) Turtle (t3) ______ CR(P), PN
    Chelonia mydas agassizii 
  110. Loggerhead Sea Turtle  (t2) (ph)  ______ CR, PN
    Caretta caretta 



    A Loggerhead Sea Turtle during a FONT tour
    (photo by Alan Brady)
     
  111. Hawksbill Sea Turtle (t1) ______ CR(A,P), PN
    Eretmochelys imbricata 
  112. Olive Ridley Sea Turtle (t2) ______ (*:a,b) CR(N,S)(A,P), PN
    Lepidochelys olivacea

    Family DERMOCHELYIDAE (Leatherback Turtle):     a single species

     
  113. Leatherback Sea Turtle (t1) (*:b) (ph)  ______ CR(N)(P), PN
    Dermochelys coriacea


    A scene that was experienced during a number of years as part of the 
    FONT Birding & Nature Holiday Tour in Costa Rica in December/January.
    Massive female adults were seen on a Pacific beach after dark as they 
    came to lay their eggs. 
    On occasion, hatchings were seen going to the sea in the moonlight.

    Family EMYDIDAE (Pond Turtles)

  114. Brown Wood Turtle ______ CR
    Rhinoclemmys annulata
    (range: from Belize & eastern Honduras south to Panama and Colombia & Ecuador)    

  115. Black Wood Turtle ______ CR(A), PN
    Rhinoclemmys funerea
    (range: Caribbean lowlands of Nicaragua, Costa Rica, & Panama into the Canal basin)

  116. Painted Wood Turtle ______ CR(N) (In CR, only in dry nw lowlands)
    Rhinoclemmys pulcherrima
  117. Common Slider  (*) ______ CR(N)
    Trachemys scripta


    Family KINOSTERNIDAE  (Mud & Musk Turtles)
  118. White-lipped Mud Turtle ______ CR
    Kinosternon leucostomum
  119. Red-cheeked Mud Turtle  (*) ______ CR
    Kinosternon scorpioides
  120. Narrow-bridged Mud Turtle (t3) ______ CR
    Kinosternon angustipons 

    Family CHELYDRIDAE (Snapping Turtle):     2 species only in the Americas

     
  121. Common Snapping Turtle  (ph)  ______ CR, PN
    Chelydra serpentina



    Common Snapping Turtle
    (photo by Howard Eskin)


    Family CROCODYLIDAE  (Crocodile Family):     14 species worldwide 
  122. American Crocodile (t3) (*) ______ CR(N)(A,P), PN
     Crocodylus acutus


    Family ALLIGATORIDAE  (Alligator Family)
  123. Spectacled Caiman (*) (ph)  ______ CR(N,S)(A,P), PN
     Caiman crocodilus



    A Spectacled Caiman photographed during a FONT tour
    (photo by Andy Smith)


     Suborder LACERTILIA (Lizards)


     Family EUBLEPHARIDAE (Banded Geckos)
  124. Central American (or Tropical) Banded Gecko ______ CR(NP), PN
    Coleonyx mitratus

    Family GEKKONIDAE (Geckos)
  125. Yellow-headed Gecko ______ CR(NP), PN
    Gonatodes albigularis
  126. House Gecko (i) (*) ______ CR(A,SP), PN
    Hemidactylus frenatus
  127. Hemidactylus garnotii (a native Costa Rican species virtually indistinguishable from the House Gecko)

  128. Litter Gecko ______ CR
    Lepidoblepharis xanthostigma

  129. Spotted Dwarf Gecko ______ CR 
    Sphaerodactylus millepunctatus

  130. Turnip-tailed (or Mottled) Gecko ______ CR (A,SP)
    Thecadactylus rapicaudus


    Family CORYTOPHANIDAE (Casque-headed Iguanas):     Formerly included in the large and diverse family Iguanidae; in 1989 this group elevated to family status. 

         The Basilisks are commonly referred to "Jesus Christ Lizards" as they can run atop water. The following is an explanation of that behavior:



     An Emerald Basilisk running across the water
    (photo by Marie Grenouillet) 
    A narrow seam of skin, which runs around each basilisk toe, forms a moveable flap that is expanded when its foot is pressed onto the water, thus creating a larger surface area. 
    The force that the lizards put into the downward movement of their feet produces an upward pressure that by itself creates almost a quarter of the total force required to keep the lizard from sinking. 
    When the running basilisk presses its foot down onto the water, an air-filled pocket is formed around the foot. This pocket quickly fills with water, so the lizard must rapidly withdraw it foot to prevent from having to "plow' through the water. 
    As the foot retracts, the moveable skin-flaps on the toes fold down against the sides of the toes to reduce friction against the air. 
    The combined pressure that is produced during a single downward and upward stroke of the foot can be enough to provide 111% of the support required to allow an adult basilisk to run on the water. 
    Small juveniles, with a body weight of less than 2 grams (0.07 of an ounce), are capable of producing 225% of the upward pressure necessary for an animal of that weight. With the combination of speed and specially adapted toe fringes, these lizards can run considerable across the water surface.        
    In order for a 176 pound human to match a running basilisk's aquatic performance, he or she would have to run at almost 69 mph across the water and produce a muscle force 15 times greater than what an average person is capable of doing.   
  131. Common Basilisk  (*) (ph)  ______  CR(N,S)(P), PN
    Basiliscus basiliscus

    A Common Basilisk photographed during the FONT tour
    in southern Costa Rica in March 2012
     (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)
  132. Emerald (or Green) Basilisk  (*) (ph)  ______  CR(N)(A), PN
    Basiliscus plumifrons



    Emerald Basilisk
         (photo by Marie Grenouillet) 
  133. Striped Basilisk ______ CR
    Basiliscus vittatus
  134. Helmeted Iguana (also called Elegant-headed Basilisk or Casque-headed Lizard) ______ CR (A,SP), PN
    Corytophanes cristatus

    Family IGUANIDAE  (Iguanas)

  135. Green Iguana  (*) (ph)  ______  CR(N,S)(A,P), PN
     Iguana iguana
         (A bright green when young, but changes to gray, brown, greenish-gray, or almost black as it grows older)



    Green Iguana
    (photographed during a FONT tour by Marie Gardner)

  136. Black Spiny-tailed Iguana (also called Ctenosaur) (*) (ph)  ______  CR(N)(P), PN
    Ctenosaura similis 

  137. Five-keeled Spiny-tailed Iguana ______ CR (In Costa Rica, restricted to a few isolated areas in the Santa Rosa National Park in Guanacaste.)
    Ctenosaura quinquecarinata


    Family POLYCHROTIDAE  (Anoles & allies)
  138. Puerto Rican Crested Anole (i) ______ CR
    Ctenonotus cristatelllus

  139. Giant Green Anole ______ CR
    Dactyloa frenata

  140. Water Anole ______ CR
    Norops aquaticus

  141. Green Tree Anole ______ CR
    Norops biporcatus

  142. Pug-nosed Anole ______ CR
    Norops capito

  143. Ground Anole ______ CR(A,P), PN
    Norops humilis 

  144. Canopy Anole ______ CR
    Norops lemurinus

  145. Slender Anole ______ CR
    Norops anole 

  146. Stream Anole ______ CR
    Norops oxylophus

  147. Golfo Dulce Anole ______ CR(S) (SP)
    Norops polylepis
  148. Indigo-throated Anole ______ CR
    Norops sericeus 

  149. Cloud Forest Anole ______ CR (H)
    Norops tropidolepis

  150. Dry Forest Anole ______ CR
    Norops cupreus

  151. Blue-eyed Anole ______ CR (P)
    Norops woodi

  152. Canopy Lizard ______ CR
    Polychrus gutturosus


    Family PHRYNOSOMATIDAE  (Spiny Lizards & allies)

  153. Green Spiny Lizard  (*)  ______ CR (H), PN
    Sceloporus malachiticus

    In Costa Rica, the Green Spiny Lizard is in the Central Valley and the surrounding mountain ranges. 
  154. Rose-bellied Spiny Lizard  (*) (ph)  ______ CR (NP)
    Sceloporus variabilis
         (range: Texas to northwest Costa Rica)

    In Costa Rica, both the Rose-bellied Spiny Lizard and the Brown Spiny Lizard (below) are restricted to the arid lowlands in the northwest part of the country in Guanacaste. 



    A Rose-bellied Spiny Lizard photographed in the Guanacaste region of Costa Rica
    in February 2015         (photo by Burke Korol)

  155. Brown Spiny Lizard  ______  CR (NP)
    Sceloporus squamosus

    Family SCINCIDAE (Skinks)

  156. Bronze-backed Climbing Skink ______ CR, PN
    Mabuya unimarginata

  157. Litter Skink ______ CR
    Sphenomorphus cherriei


    Family GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE (Microteiid Lizards)

  158. Bromeliad Lizard ______ CR
    Anadia ocellata

  159. Golden Spectacled Lizard ______ CR
    Gymnophthalmus speciosus

  160. Water Tegu ______ CR
    Neusticurus apodemus

  161. Keeled Leaf-litter Lizard ______ CR
    Ptychoglossus plicatus


    Family TEIIDAE (Whip-tailed Lizards)
  162. Central American Whip-tailed Lizard  (*)  ______  CR(N)(A,SP), PN
    Ameiva festiva

  163. Four-lined Whip-tailed Lizard  (*) ______ CR(N)
    Ameiva quadrilineata

  164. Barred Whip-tailed Lizard ______ CR (NP)
    Ameiva undulata

  165. Deppe's (or Seven-striped) Whip-tailed Lizard ______ CR (NP)
    Cnemidophorus deppii


    Family XANTUSIDAE (Night Lizards)

  166. Yellow-spotted (or Tropical) Night Lizard ______ CR
    Lepidophyma flavimaculatum


    Family ANGUIDAE (Anguid Lizards)

  167. Rainforest Celestus ______ CR
    Celestus hylaius

  168. Talamanca Galliwasp ______ CR
    Diploglossus bilobatus

  169. Galliwasp ______ CR, PN
    Diploglossus monotropis

  170. Highland Alligator Lizard ______ CR
    Mesaspis monticola 


    Suborder SERPENTES (Snakes)


     Family ANOMALEPIDIDAE (Neotropical Blindsnakes)

  171. Neotropical Slender Blindsnake ______ CR
    Leptotyphlops goudotii


    Family TYPHLOPIDAE (True Blindsnakes)

  172. Costa Rican Blindsnake ______ CR
    Typhlops costaricensis 


    Family LOXOCEMIDAE (Neotropical Sunbeam Snakes)

  173. Neotropical Sunbeam Snake ______ CR
    Loxocemus bicolor


    Family BOIDAE (Boa Family, the Boids)

  174. Boa Constrictor  (ph)  ______ (*) CR(N,S), PN
    Boa constrictor



    Boa Constrictor
     (photo by Peter Mooney)
  175. Annulated Tree Boa ______ CR
    Corallus annulatus

  176. Common Tree Boa ______ CR
    Corallus ruschenbergerii


    Family COLUBRIDAE (Colubrid Snakes)

  177. Ridge-nosed Snake ______ CR
    Amastridium veliferum

  178. Mussurana ______ CR, PN
    Clelia clelia

  179. Roadguarder ______ CR
    Conophis lineatus

  180. Barred Forest Racer ______ CR
    Dendrophidion vinitor

  181. Speckled Racer ______ CR
    Drymobius margaritiferus

  182. Green Frog-eater ______ CR
    Drymobius melanotropis

  183. False Coral Snake ______ CR, PN
    Erythrolamprus mimus 

  184. Gray Earth Snake ______ CR
    Geophis brachycephalus

  185. Brown Blunt-headed Vine Snake ______ CR, PN
    Imantodes cenchoa

  186. Yellow Blunt-headed Vine Snake ______ CR
    Imantodes inornatus

  187. Tropical King Snake ______ CR, PN
    Lampropeltis triangulum

  188. Black-and-white Cat-eyed Snake ______ CR
    Leptodeira nigrofasciata

  189. Black-and-red Cat-eyed Snake ______ CR
    Leptodeira rubricata
  190. Northern Cat-eyed Snake ______ CR, PN
    Leptodeira septentrionalis

  191. (Satiny) Parrot Snake ______ CR, PN
    Leptophis depressirostris

  192. Green-headed Treesnake (or Mexican Parrot Snake) (ph)  ______ CR
    Leptodeira mexicanus



    Green-headed Treesnake
         (photo by Pete Mooney)

  193. Bronze-backed Parrot Snake ______ CR (In CR, in Caribbean lowlands, and at low elevations in sw Costa Rica; very similar to the Mexican Parrot Snake)
    Leptodeira nebulosus

  194. Fire-bellied Snake ______ CR
    Liophis epinephelus

  195. Spotted Wood Snake ______ CR
    Ninia maculata

  196. Brown Vine Snake ______ (*) CR(S), PN
    Oxybelis aeneus

  197. Short-nosed Vine Snake ______ CR
    Oxybelis brevirostris

  198. Green Vine Snake  (ph)  ______ CR, PN
    Oxybelis fulgidus



    Green Vine Snake
     (photo by Sally Brady)
  199. Bird-eating Snake (or Neotropical Bird Snake) ______ CR, PN
    Pseustes poecilonotus

  200. Green Litter Snake ______ CR
    Rhadinacea calligaster

  201. Red (or Pink)-bellied Litter Snake ______ CR, PN
    Rhadinaea decorata

  202. Shovel-toothed Snake ______ CR
    Scaphiodontophia annulatus

  203. Neotropical Rat Snake ______ CR
    Senticolis triaspis

  204. Lichen-colored Snaileater ______ CR
    Sibon longifrenis

  205. Ringed Snaileater ______  PN
    Sibon annulata
  206. Tiger Rat Snake ______ CR, PN
    Spilotes pullatus

  207. Scorpion-eater  (ph)  ______ PN
    Stenorrhina freminvillei



    Scorpion-eater
    (photo by Peter Mooney)
  208. Degenhardt's Scorpion-eater ______ CR
    Stenorrhina degenhardtii

  209. Reticulated Centipede Snake ______ CR
    Tantilla reticulata

  210. False Fer-de-lance ______ CR, PN
    Xenodon rabdocephalus


    Family ELAPIDAE (Coral Snakes) (VENOMOUS)

  211. Allen's Coral Snake ______ CR, PN
    Micrurus alleni

  212. Bicolored (or Red-tailed) Coral Snake ______ CR, PN
    Micrurus multifasciatus

  213. Central American Coral Snake  (*) ______ CR, PN
    Micrurus nigrocinctus
  214. Clark's Coral Snake ______  PN
     Micrurus clarki


    Subfamily HYDROPHIINAE (Sea Snakes) (VENOMOUS)     

  215. Yellow-bellied (or Pelagic) Sea Snake ______ CR, PN
    Pelamis platurus


    Family VIPERIDAE (Viper Family) (VENOMOUS)

  216. Cantil ______ CR
    Agkistrodon bilineatus

  217. Jumping Pit Viper ______ CR, PN
    Atropoides nummifer

  218. (Side-)Striped Palm Pitviper ______ CR, PN
    Bothriechis lateralis

  219. Eyelash Pitviper ______ CR, PN
    Bothriechis schlegelii

  220. Black-speckled Palm Pitviper ______  PN
    Bothriechis nigroviridis
  221. Fer-de-lance  (*) (ph)  ______ CR, PN
    Bothrops asper



    Fer-de-lance
     (photo by Peter Mooney)
  222. Godman's Montane Pit-Viper ______ CR, PN
    Cerrophidion godmani

  223. Tropical Rattlesnake ______ CR
    Crotalus durissus

  224. Central American Bushmaster ______ CR, PN
    Lachesis stenophrys

  225. (Rainforest) Hog-nosed Pitviper ______ CR, PN
    Porthidium nasutum


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