List with some Photos of South America Butterflies by Armas Hill Part 5 Skippers

PO Box 9021, Wilmington, DE 19809, USA
E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555
or 302/529-1876

Part 5 of a List
with some Photos
of

South America
Butterflies
and Moths

Skippers

Including those during
Focus On Nature Tours

in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela

Fifth Part of a List of South America Butterflies in 5 Parts,
compiled by Armas Hill

Here, in Part #5: Hesperiidae, the Skippers

Among Butterfly Groupings in this list, links to these:

Subfamily EUDAMINAE: including Longtails, Flashers

with the genera: Achalarus, Aguna, Astraptes, Augiades, Autochton, Chioides, Codatractus, Drephalys,
Entheus, Hyalothyrus, Narcosius, Phanus, Polythrix, Proteides, Spathilepia, Typhedanus, Urbanus

Subfamily PYRGINAE, tribe PYRRHOPYGINI: including Firetips

with the genera: Amysoria, Aspitha, Azonax, Chalypyge, Elbella, Granila, Jemadia, Jonaspyge, Melanopyge,
Mimardaris, Mimooniades, Mysarbia, Myscelus, Mysoria, Ochropyge, Parelbella, Passova, Pyrrhopyge,
Yanguna, Zona

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe CARCHARODINI with the genera: Arteurotia, Bolla, Cyclosemia, Gorgopas, Iliana, Jera, Mictris, Mimia, Moruina, Myrinia, Nisoniades, Noctuana, Ocella, Pachyneuria, Pellicia, Straphylus, Viola, Xispia

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe CELAENORRHININI with the genus: Celaenorrhinus

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe PYRGINI with the genera: Anisochoria, Antigonus, Carrhenes, Clito, Diaeus, Eracon, Heliopetes and Heliopyrgus (White Skippers), Paches, Pseudodrephalys, Pyrgus (Checkered Skippers), Spioniades, Timochreon, Trina, Xenophanes, Zopyrion

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe ACHLYODIDINI with the genera: Achlyodes, Aethilla, Atames, Charidia, Haemaotis, Milanion, Ouleus, Pythonides, Quadrus, Zera

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe ERYNNINI with the genera: Anastrus, Camptopleura, Chiomara, Cycloglypha, Ebrietas, Erynnis, Gesta, Gorgythion, Grais, Helias, Mylon, Potamanaxas, Sostrata, Theagenes, Timochares, Tosta

Subfamily HETEROPTERINAE with the genera: Dalla, Freemaniana

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, GRASS-SKIPPERS

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe THYMELICINI with the genera: Ancyloxypha, Oarisma

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe CALPODINI with the genera: Aldes, Argon. Aroma, Calpodes, Carystina, Carystoides, Carystus, Cobalus, Damas, Dubiella, Ebusus, Lychnuchoides, Lychnuchus, Neoxeniades, Orphe, Panoquina, Sacrator, Saliana, Synale, Talides, Telles, Tellona, Thracides, Tisias, Tromba, Turesis, Turmada, Zenis

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe ANTHOPTINI with the genera: Anthoptus, Corticea, Falga, Mnaceas, Synapte, Wahydra, Zalomes

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe MONCINI with the genera: Adlerodea, Apaustus, Arita, Artines, Callimormus, Cantha, Cobalopsis, Copaeodes, Cymaenes, Dion, Enosis, Eprius, Eutocus, Eutychide, Flaccilla, Justinia, Lento, Lerema, Lerodea, Lucida, Ludens, Methionopsis, Mnasicles, Mnasilus, Mnasitheus, Mnestheus, Moeris, Monca, Morys, Mucia, Naevolus, Nastra, Onophas, Pamba, Papias, Paracarystys, Parphorus, Penicula, Phanes, Pheraeus, Phlebodes, Propapias, Psoralis, Remella, Saturnus, Sodalia, Styriodes, Sucova, Thargella, Thoon, Tigasis, Vehilius, Vettius, Vidius, Vinius, Virga, Zariaspes

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe HESPERIINI with the genera: Anatrytone, Arotis, Atalopedes, Conga, Cynea, Decinea, Euphyes, Hansa, Hylephila, Linka, Mellana, Metron, Molo, Nyctelius, Orthos, Oxynthes, Paratrytone, Phemiades, Poanes, Polites, Pompelus, Propertius, Quasimellana, Quinta, Rhinthon, Serdis, Thespieus, Tirynthia, Tirynthoides, Vacerra, Wallengrenia, Xeniades
with genera having uncertain taxonomy as to tribe:
Alera, Orses, Perichares, Pyrrhopygopsis

Links to other South America Butterfly groupings:

Part #1 - Swallowtails (Papilionidae)

Part #2 - Whites, Yellows, Sulphurs, Marbles (Pieridae)

Part #3 - Hairstreaks, Blues (Lycaenidae) & Metalmarks (mostly Riodinidae)

Part #4 - Brushfoots (Nymphalidae)

Some Photos of Butterflies and Moths during FONT Tours in Ecuador

Codes relating to illustrations in various books:

Numbers noted as (AZ:xx) refer to pages in "Butterflies of Arizona - A Photographic Guide", by Bob Stewart, Priscilla Brodkin, & Hank Brodkin (with fine photographs).

Numbers noted as (BB:xx) refer to pages in "Butterflies of Buenos Aires (Argentina)", by Gustavo Canals

Numbers noted as (C:xx) refer to pages in "A World of Butterflies", with text by Brian Cassie, and photographs (superb) by Kjell Sandved

Numbers noted as (D1:xx) refer to plates in "The Butterflies of Costa Rica and their Natural History (Volume 1): Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae", by Philip J. DeVries

Numbers noted as (DV:xx) refer to pages in "Butterflies Of South America", by Bernard D'Abrera

Numbers noted as (EBE:xx) refer to pages in "Ecuador's Butterfly Ecology", by Xavier Silva

Numbers noted as (F:xx) refer to pages in "The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Butterflies", by Dr. John Feltwell

Numbers noted as (K:xx) refer to pages in the "Kaufman Focus Guide to Butterflies of North America", by Jim Brock & Kenn Kaufman

Numbers noted as (MM:xx) refer to pages in "Mariposas (Butterflies) of Missiones (Argentina)", by Gustavo Canals

Numbers noted as (PE:xx) refer to plates in the "Peterson Field Guides to Eastern Butterflies", by Paul Opler & Vichai Malikul, 1998 edition. Those noted as (PEp:xx) refer to a page with a photograph.

Numbers noted as (PW:xx) refer to plates in the "Peterson Field Guide to Western Butterflies", by Paul Opler & illustrated by Amy Bartlett Wright, 1999 edition. Those noted as (PWp:xx) refer to a page with a photograph.

Numbers noted as (RG:xx) refer to pages in "Butterflies of the Lower Rio Grande Valley" by Roland Wauer.

Numbers noted as (S:xx) refer to pages in the "Smithsonian Handbook, Butterflies & Moths", by David Carter.

Additional Codes:

AR: in Argentina
ba:    province of Buenos Aires
ne:    northeast Argentina, including Iguazu Falls
BR: in Brazil
se:     southeast Brazil
CH: in Chile
EC: in Ecuador
VE: in Venezuela

Butterflies observed during FONT tours noted by an (*) after the 2-letter country code.

(ph): species with a photo in the FONT website

Other Links:

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in:
Brazil Ecuador Uruguay Venezuela Argentina Chile

Lists & Photo Galleries of BIRDS, including those during FONT Tours in South America

Lists & Photo Galleries of MAMMALS, relating to FONT Tours in South America

Lists of Photo Galleries of AMPHIBIANS & REPTILES, including those during FONT Tours in South America

Alphabetical Directory of Butterflies by Genus with Photos in the FONT Website

Directory of Photos in this Website

List of South American Butterflies, Part #5:

Family HESPERIIDAE: SKIPPERS

HESPERIIDAE is a very large family of 3,500 known species throughout the world.
In Ecuador, there are over 650 species, of which at least 100 are either endemic to the country or nearly so.

Skippers, in general, are stout-bodied short-winged butterflies that resemble day-flying moths. The adult butterfly's flight resembles a 'skipping' motion when going from flower to flower.

Skippers are different from other butterflies and from moths, in that their antennae end in a sort of hook, whereas those other butterflies end with a knob. Those of moths are feathery.
Due to the structure of their wings, skippers are capable of powerful flight. Additionally, their wings are versatile. they can be extended or held toward the back when sitting, or even folded back,

There are species and even genera in HESPERIIDAE that look very similar, which can make identification difficult. especially among the "Grass Skippers", those in the subfamily HESPERIINAE.
There are 4 major subfamilies in Ecuador, and in the following list: EUDAMINAE, PYRGINAE, HETEROPTERLINAE, and HESPERIINAE.
Host plants vary in accordance with the various subfamilies.



         Subfamily EUDAMINAE

          Skippers in the EUDAMINAE subfamily are characterized by their sitting with wings extended,
          usually elongated forewings.
          Some species have "long tails" which are actually caudas on the hindwings.
          These include those in the genera: Urbanus, Typhedanus, Codatractus.
          Those in Urbanus tend to be particularly common.
          Those in the genus Autochon are common in open areas.
          Skippers in the genus Astraptes, the "Flashers", have elongated forewings and brilliant blue colors.
          They tend to be common.
          Those in the genus Phocides have long wings, and blue, black and white coloration.
          They have long mimetic chains within and beyond the genus.

          The host plants for EUDAMINAE skippers are varied, but generally are in Fabaceae, Mimosaceae (including Inga spp.),
          Verbenaceae, and also grasses, including those in Poaceae (such as Canna indica, and Cynodon spp.).


          Genus PHOCIDES

Phocides pigmalion ______ EC (K:267) (PE:30)
Phocides pigmalion pigmalion ______ (subspecies described in Surinam)
Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius ______ ARne BRse (MM:37) (subspecies in southeast Brazil & northeast Argentina)
MANGROVE SKIPPER
AR common name: Saltarin de Hewitson ("Saltarin" refers to the type of flight, as a "skipper": W.C. Hewitson was an important author of books about Lepidoptera published in the 19th Century)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, also Florida & some of the West Indies)

Phocides charon ______ ARne (MM:38)
AR common name: Charon (from the scientific name, Charon was the boatman on the River Styx, described in Dante's "Divine Comedy")
(Range: in Brazil, northeast Argentina)

Phocides polybius ______ EC (C:253) (K:267) (PE:30) (S:42)
Phocides polybius polybius ______ BRse (subspecies from Panama to Brazil)
Phocides polybius phanias ______ ARba,ne (BB:49) (MM:39) (subspecies in Argentina)
GUAVA SKIPPER
AR common names: Phanias (from the scientific name, Phanius was a Greek historian and philosopher)
Saltarin Sangrante (Saltarin meaning "skipper", Sangrante meaning "bleeding")

With a striking plumage, Phocides polybius feeds on Guava and related species.

Phocides perillus ______
(Range: in Colombia)

Phocides vulcanides ______
(Range: in Colombia)

Phocides johnsoni ______ (species described in 1947)
(Range: in Colombia)

Phocides oreides columbiana ______ (subspecies in Colombia)
Phocides oreides oreides ______ (subspecies in Peru)

Phocides thermus ______ EC
Phocides thermus thermus ______ EC (subspecies from southeast Mexico to Ecuador)
Phocides thermus bellina ______ EC (subspecies in Ecuador, described in 1952)
Phocides thermus valgus ______ (subspecies in the Guianas)
THERMUS SKIPPER

Phocides distans ______ EC
Phocides distans silva ______ (subspecies in Peru, described in 1952)

Phocides metrodorus ______ EC
Phocides metrodorus nigrescens ______ EC (subspecies from Costa Rica to Peru)
Phocides metrodorus metrodorus ______ EC (subspecies from Panama to Bolivia & Brazil)
Phocides metrodorus metron ______ (subspecies in Paraguay, described in 1952)

Phocides oreides ______ EC

Phocides novalis ______
(Range: in Peru)

Phocides padrona ______ (species described in 1952)
(Range: in Peru)

Phocides partia ______ (species described in 1952)
(Range: in Peru)

Phocides yokhara yokhara ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Phocides yokhara inca ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Phocides yokhara dryas ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Phocides yokhara charonotis ______ (subspecies in Bolivia)

Phocides pialia ______ EC
Phocides pialia pialia ______ BRse (subspecies in southeast Brazil)
Phocides pialia maximus ______ BRse (subspecies in southeast Brazil)
Phocides pialia intemedia ______ (subspecies in Brazil, in Mato Grosso)

Genus PHANUS

Phanus vitreus ______ ARne EC (MM:40)
WIDESPREAD PHANUS (or Musical Ghost-Skipper)
AR common name: Vitrea (referring to the scientific name)
(Range; southern Mexico to southern Brazil)

Phanus ecitonorum ______ (species described in 1993)
ARMY-ANT PHANUS
(Range: Costa Rica to southern Brazil)

Phanus albiapicalis ______ (species described in 1993)
WHITE-TIPPED PHANUS
(Range: Mexico to Peru)

Phanus grandis ______ (species described in 1993)
GRAND PHANUS
(Range: Nicaragua to Venezuela)

Phanus marshalli ______
COMMON PHANUS
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia)

Phanus obscurior obscurior ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Colombia, Trinidad)
Phanus obscurior prestoni ______ (subspecies in Amazonian Brazil, described in 1965)

Phanus australis ______ (species described in 1965)
(Range: in Brazil)

Genus PROTEIDES

Proteides mercurius (ph) ______ EC (K:273) (PE:30)
Proteides mercurius mercurius ______ ARne (subspecies from south Texas to Argentina)
MERCURIAL SKIPPER
AR common name: Mercurio (Mercury was, in mythology, the messenger of the gods, the son of Jupiter)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, and West Indies)

Mercurial Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Genus ACHALARUS

Achalarus albociliatus ______ EC

Genus AUGLADES

Auglades crinisisus ______ EC

Genus DREPHALYS

Drephalys phoenice ______ EC

Genus ENTHEUS

Entheus gentius ______ EC

Entheus latebrosus ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1997)

Entheus matha ______ EC

Genus EPARGYEUS

Epargyeus aspina ______ EC (species described in 1952)
SPINELESS SILVERDROP
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Epargyeus spina ______ EC (species described in 1952)
Epargyeus spina spina ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Bolivia)
Epargyeus spina verruga ______ (subspecies in Peru)
SPINED SILVERDROP

Epargyeus nutra ______ (species described in 1952)
(Range: in Colombia)

Epargyeus spinta ______ (species described in 1952)
(Range: in Colombia)

Epargyeus clarus ______ EC

Epargyeus barisses barisses ______ (subspecies described in Bolivia)

Epargyeus clavicornis tenda ______ EC (subspecies from Mexico to Ecuador)
Epargyeus clavicornis clavicornis ______ ARne (MM:42) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
SMALL-SPOTTED SILVERDROP
AR common name: Saltarin Coloso (translates to "Colossus Skipper")

Epargyreus edxadeus ______ EC (K:273) (PE:text)
Epargyreus edxadeus edxadeus ______ (subspecies described in Surinam)
EXADEUS SKIPPER (or Broken Silverdrop)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Epargyreus tmolis ______ ARba (BB:51)
AR common name: Saltarin Robusto (translates to "Robust Skipper")
(Range: in Argentina)

Epargyreus enispe ______ EC
Epargyreus enispe enispe ______ (the more widespread subspecies in South America)
Epargyreus enispe elta ______ (subspecies in Bolivia, described in 1952)

Genus POLYGONUS

Polygonus leo ______ EC (K:267) (PE:30)
Polygonus leo pallida ______ ARne (MM:43) (subspecies from Central America to Argentina)
HAMMOCK SKIPPER
AR common name: Leo (referring to the scientific name)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, also Florida & West Indies)

Polygonus savigny (formerly manueli) ______ EC (PE:text)
Polygonus savigny savigny ______ ARne (MM:44) (subspecies in from Texas to Argentina)
MANUEL'S SKIPPER
AR common name: Manuel
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, and West Indies)

Genus CHIOIDES

Chioides catillus ______ EC (C:377) (EBE:145) (K:271) (PE:30)
WHITE-STRIPED LONGTAIL
(Range: south Texas to Argentina, and West Indies in Jamaica)

Chioides zilpa ______ EC (K:271) (PE:30)
ZILPA LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Genus AGUNA

Aguna asander ______ EC (K:273) (MM:45) (PE:30)
Aguna asander asander ______
GOLD-SPOTTED AGUNA
AR common name: Asander (referring to the scientific name)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, and West Indies)

Aguna claxon ______ (PE:text)
EMERALD AGUNA
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela)

Aguna metophis ______ EC (K:273) (PE:30)
TAILED AGUNA
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)

Aguna aurunce ______ EC

Aguna coeloides ______ EC (species described in 1998)

Aguna latifascia ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1998)

Aguna williamsi ______ ARne (MM:46)
AR common name: Coludo de Williams ("Williams' Longtail")

The name williamsi is in honor of Roswell Williams who studied Hesperiidae at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, in the USA.

Genus TYPHEDANUS

Typhedanus undulatus ______ (EBE:147) (K:271) (PE:30)
MOTTLED LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Typhedanus ampyx ______ EC (EBE:147)

Genus POLYTHRIX

Polythrix asine ______ EC

Polythrix auginus ______ EC

Polythrix caunus ______ EC

Polythrix octomaculata ______ EC (K:271) (PE:30)
Polythrix octomaculata octomaculata ______ (MM:47) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
EIGHT-SPOTTED LONGTAIL
AR common name: Tuju ("Tuju" is a Guarani word meaning "mud", referring to the brown coloration of the butterfly, enabling it to be camouflaged when it rests on mud with its wings unfolded)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, also Haiti)

Genus CODATRACTUS

Codatractus alcaeus ______ EC

Codatractus imalena ______ EC

Codatractus aminias ______ ARne (MM:48)
AR common name: Jetapa'l ("Jetapa" is a Guarani word meaning "scissors''. "l" means "small")

Genus URBANUS: LONG-TAILED SKIPPERS

Urbanus proteus (ph) ______ EC (EBE:146) (K:269) (PE:30) (S:36) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
Urbanus proteus proteus ______ ARba,ne CH (BB:53) (MM:49) (subspecies from the US to Argentina)
(COMMON) LONG-TAILED SKIPPER
AR common name: Coludo Verdoso (meaning "greenish tailed")
CH common name: Hesperia de Proteo
(Range: south Texas to Argentina, also Florida & West Indies. In Chile, in the Azapa and Lluta Valleys in Arica, and in other similar habitats in northern Chile)

Long-tailed Skipper
(photo by Rise Hill)

Urbanus viterboana ______ EC
BLUISH LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Urbanus belli ______ EC
BELL'S LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico & south Texas as a stray to Argentina)

Urbanus evona ______ (species described in 1952)
TURQUOISE LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Urbanus dubius ______ (species described in 1981)
(Range: in Colombia)

Urbanus huancavillcas ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Urbanus pronta (ph) ______ (species described in 1952)
SPOT-BANDED LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Spot-banded Longtail
(photo by Sherry C. Nelson)

Urbanus pronus ______ EC (PE:text) (species described in 1952)
PRONUS LONGTAIL (or Short-tailed Green Longtail)
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil & Argentina)

Urbanus esmeraldus ______ EC (PE:text) (MM:50)
ESMERALDA LONGTAIL
AR common name: Coludo Esmeralda (translates to "Emerald Longtail")
(Range: Mexico to Peru & the Guianas, also Trinidad )

Urbanus esma ______ (species described in 1952)
(Range: Panama to Brazil, also Trinidad)

Urbanus elmina ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1952)
ANDEAN LONGTAIL
(Range: in Ecuador & adjacent Colombia)

Urbanus esta ______ EC (species described in 1952)
ESTA LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador & Peru)

Urbanus magnus ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1981)

Urbanus procne ______ EC

Urbanus dorantes (ph) ______ EC (EBE:146) (K:269) (PE:30)
Urbanus dorantes dorantes ______ ARba,ne CH (BB:55) (MM:51) (subspecies from the southern US to Argentina)
DORANTES LONGTAIL
AR common name: Coluda Manchas Doradas (translates to "Lilac-banded Longtail")
CH common name: Hesperia Dorantes
(Range: south Texas to Argentina, also in Florida & the West Indies. In Chile, in the Azapa Valley, Arica)

A Dorantes Longtail photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Rise Hill)

Urbanus teleus (ph) ______ ARne EC (K:269) (EBE:145) (MM:53) (PE:30)
TELEUS LONGTAIL
AR common name: Coludo Linea Blanca (translates to "White-lined Longtail")
(Range: south Texas to Argentina)

A Teleus, or White-lined Longtail, Urbanus teleus,
photographed during the FONT tour in southern Ecuador in April 2014
(photo by Marie Gardner)

Urbanus tanna ______ (PE:text) (species described in 1952)
TANNA LONGTAIL
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador, the Guianas, also Trinidad)

Urbanus velinus ______
VELINUS SKIPPER
(Range: Guatemala to Brazil, also Trinidad)

Urbanus trebia ______
WHITE-CAPPED LONGTAIL
(Range: El Salvador to Colombia and Trinidad)

Urbanus ambiguus ______ (species described in 1983)
(Range: in Surinam)

Urbanus cindra ______ (species described in 1952)
(Range: in Bolivia)

Urbanus simplicius (ph) ______ EC ARne EC (EBE:145) (MM:52) (PE:text)
PLAIN LONGTAIL
AR common name: Coludo Simple (translates to "Simple Longtail")
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

A Plain Longtail photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Rise Hill)

Urbanus procne ______ ARba (BB:57) (EBE:145) (K:269) (PE:30)
BROWN LONGTAIL
(Range: south Texas to Argentina)

Urbanus carmelita ______ EC
Urbanus carmelita carmelita ______ (subspecies from Panama to Brazil)
Urbanus carmelita barra ______ (subspecies in Brazil, in Bahia, described in 1952)

Urbanus evenus ______
(Range: in Brazil)

Urbanus longicaudus ______ (species described in 1998)
(Range: in Brazil)

Urbanus parvus ______ (species described in 1998)
(Range: in Brazil)

Urbanus reductus ______
(Range: in Brazil)

Urbanus villus ______ (species described in 1998)
(Range: in Brazil)

Urbanus zagorus ______
(Range: Brazil)

Urbanus doryssus ______ EC (EBE:146) (PE:30)
Urbanus doryssus doryssus ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Bolivia & southern Brazil)
Urbanus doryssus albicuspis ______ ARne (MM:54) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
WHITE-TAILED LONGTAIL
AR common name: Puntas Blancas (translates to "White Tips")

Urbanus albimargo ______ EC
Urbanus albimargo albimargo ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Venezuela & Ecuador)
Urbanus albimargo takuta ______ (subspecies described in Guyana, in 1952)
Urbanus albimargo rica ______ (subspecies in Paraguay, described in 1952)

Urbanus virescens ______
GREEN-WASHED LONGTAIL
(Range: Panama to southern Brazil)

Urbanus chalco ______ EC
GREAT WHITE LONGTAIL
(Range: Costa Rica to southern Brazil)

Genus ASTRAPTES: FLASHERS

Astraptes talus ______ EC
GREEN FLASHER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, also the West Indies)

Astraptes fulgerator (ph) ______ EC (EBE:147) (K:279) (PE:30)
Astraptes fulgerator fulgerator ______ ARne (MM:55) (subspecies in northeast Argentina, and elsewhere in South America )
TWO-BARRED FLASHER (or Flashing Astraptes)
AR common name: Relampagueante (translates to "he who throws out light")
(Range: south Texas, mostly in the Rio Grande Valley, to Argentina)

Astraptes fulgerator is now said to be a complex of continental species-level taxa.

Two-barred Flasher
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Astraptes tucuti ______
TUCUTI FLASHER
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia)

Astraptes egregius ______ EC (K:279) (PE:text)
Astraptes egregius egregius ______ (subspecies from south Texas as a stray to Venezuela)
Astraptes egregius coxeyi ______ EC (subspecies in Ecuador)
SMALL-SPOTTED FLASHER

Astraptes alardus ______ EC (K:279) (PE:text)
Astraptes alardus latia ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Colombia, described in 1952)
Astraptes alardus aquila ______ (subspecies in Colombia, described in 1952)
Astraptes alardus alardus ______ (subspecies described in Surinam)

Astraptes alardus was conspecific with the Frosty Flasher of Cuba, Astraptes habana.

Astraptes enotrus ______ EC
WHITE-SPOTTED FLASHER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)

Astraptes aulus ______ EC
GREEN-TINGED FLASHER
(Range: Nicaragua to Argentina)

Astraptes brevicauda ______ EC

Astraptes chiriquensis ______ EC

Astraptes cretatus ______ EC

Astraptes galesus ______ EC

Astraptes halesius ______
(Range: in the Guianas)

Astraptes latimargo ______ EC

Astraptes mabillei ______ (species described in 1989)
(Range: in Bolivia)

Astraptes phalaecus ______
YELLOW-EDGED FLASHER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Astraptes megalurus ______
LONG-TAILED FLASHER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Astraptes apastus ______ EC
Astraptes apastus apastus ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Brazil)
Astraptes apastus pusa ______ (subspecies in Brazil, in Bahia, described in 1952)

Astraptes alector ______ EC (EBE:147)
Astraptes alector hopfferi (or gilberti) ______ (subspecies from Mexico to Bolivia & northwestern Brazil)
Astraptes alector alector ______ (subspecies in Colombia)

Astraptes anaphus ______ EC (K:279) (PE:text)
Astraptes anaphus anaphus ______ ARne (MM:59) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
YELLOW-TIPPED FLASHER (or Yellow Flasher)
AR common name: Cola Amarilla ("Yellow Tail")
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, rarely north to southern Texas)

Astraptes erycina ______
(Range: in Brazil)

Astraptes janeira ______ EC
SCHAUS' FLASHER
(Range: in Brazil & Ecuador)

Astraptes naxos ______ EC
(Range; in Brazil & Ecuador)

Astraptes fulgor ______
(Range: in Argentina)

Astraptes fulviluna ______ ARne (MM:56)
AR common name: Brillante ("Flashy")

Astraptes creteus ______ EC
Astraptes creteus siges ______ ARne (MM:57)
SILVERED FLASHER
AR common name: Mancha de Tiza ("Chalk Spot")

Astraptes elorus ______ ARne EC (MM:58)
AR common name: Elorus (Elorus is the ancient name of a river in Sicily)

Genus AUTOCHTON

Autochton bipunctatus ______ EC

Autochton longipennis ______ EC

Autochton neis ______ EC

Autochton zarex ______ ARba,ne EC (BB:59) (EBE:145) (MM:60)
SHARP-BANDED SKIPPER
AR common name: Saltarin Franja Blanca ("White-banded Skipper'')

Genus BUNGALOTIS

Bungalotis astylos ______ EC

Bungalotis erythus ______ EC

Bungalotis midas ______ EC

Genus CEPHISE

Cephise procerus ______ EC

Genus CHRYSOPLECTRUM

Chrysoplectrum perniciosus ______ EC

Genus ECTOMIS

Ectomis cythna ______ EC

Genus HYALOTHYRUS

Hyalothyrus infernalis ______ EC

Hyalothyrus leucomeias ______ EC

Hyalothyrus neleus ______ EC (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)

Genus MARELA

Marela tamyroides ______ EC

Genus NARCOSIUS: genus created in 1986

Narcosius colossus ______ EC

Narcosius narcosius ______ EC

Narcosius parisi ______ EC

Genus NERULA

Nerula fibrena ______ EC

Genus OCYBA

Ocyba calathana ______ EC

Genus OECHYDRUS

Oechydrus cheris ______ ARba (BB:63)
AR common name: Saltarin Franja Amarilla ("Yellow-banded Skipper")

Genus OILEIDES

Oileides amazonensis ______ EC (species described in 1947)

Oileides vulpinus ______ EC

Genus PHAREAS

Phareas coeleste ______ EC

Genus PORPHYROGENES

Porphyrogenes vulpecula ______ EC

Porphyrogenes zohra ______ EC

Genus RIDENS: genus created in 1952

Ridens bridgmani ______ EC

Ridens fulminans ______ EC

Ridens mephitis ______ EC

Ridens philistus ______ EC

Ridens ridens ______ EC

Genus SALATIS

Salatis cebrenus ______ EC

Genus SARMIENTOIA

Sarmientoia phaselis ______ EC

Sarmientoia haywardi ______ ARba,ne (BB:61) (MM:61)
AR common name: Dormilona Zigzag ("Zigzag Sleepyhead", referring to the habit of resting during the day and the "V" pattern on the hindwing)

Genus TARSOCTENUS

Tarsoctenus corytus ______ EC

Genus NASCUS

Nascus broteas ______ EC

Nascus paulliniae ______ EC

Nascus phocus ______ ARne EC (MM:62)
COMMON SCARLET-EYE
AR common name: Foco (referring to the scientific name)

Genus CELAENORRHINUS

Caleaenorrhinus similis similis ______ ARne (MM:63) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
AR common name: Terca ("Obstinate", referring to its obstinate habit of always resting in the same places where it sunbathes)

Genus TELEMIADES

Telemiades antiope ______ EC

Telemiades avitus ______ EC

Telemiades centrites ______ EC

Telemiades delalande ______ EC

Telemiades epicalus ______ EC

Telemiades meris ______ EC

Telemiades nicomedes ______ EC

Telemiades laogonus ______
Telemiades laogonus laogonus ______ ARne (MM:64) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
AR common name: Laogono (referring to the scientific name; Laogono was a Trojan)

Telemiades amphion ______ EC
Telemiades amphion marpesus ______ ARne (MM:65) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
COSTA-SPOTTED LEAFHUGGER
AR common name: Anfion (referring to the scientific name; Anfion was the founder of Thebes, and the son of Jupiter)

Genus DYSCOPHELLUS

Dyscophellus marian ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1952)

Dyscophellus nicephorus ______ EC

Dyscophellus phraxanor ______ EC

Dyscophellus porcius ______ EC

Dyscophellus ramusis ______ EC

Dyscophellus euribates ______ (PE:text)
EURIBATES SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Brazil, rarely north to Texas)

Genus SPATHILEPIA

Spathilepia clonius ______ EC (EBE:145) (K:277) (PE:31)
FALCATE SKIPPER
(Range: south Texas & Mexico to Argentina)

Genus COGIA

Cogia calchas ______ EC (K:265) (PE:31)
MIMOSA SKIPPER (or Calchas Skipper)
(Range: south Texas to Argentina)

Cogia hippalus______ (K:259) (PE: text)
ACACIA SKIPPER
(Range: southwest US to Brazil)

Subfamily PYRGINAE

PYRGINAE is a diverse and heterogeneous group. They often sit with extended wings, but sometimes they close them.

In Ecuador, there are at least 76 genera with over 230 species.

Representative genera in PYRGINAE include:
Achlyodes, with A. pallida with a golden coloration, and common in cloud forests
Anastrus, Cycloglypha, and Ebrietas, all with dark purplish colors
Bolla, Gorgopas, and Straphylus, with their heads or bodies brightly colored
Heliopetes, common and white
Jemadia, mimetic with Phocides, in EUDAMINAE (in this list, above)
Mimononiades, with M. nurscia being generally common
Mylon, with light colors
Paches, with P. loxus being spectacular, with a brilliant blue
Potamanaxas, Nisoniades, quite diverse
Pyrgus, very common, with bluish and white spots
Pyrrhopyge, with long wings and strong colors. An example is P. phidias.
Theagenes, with T. albiplaga being gray with 2 white spots. But see also Potamanaxas spp.

Host plants for PYRGNAE are varied, with for example those in Malvaceae, Verbenaceae, Rutaceae, and others.

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe PYRRHOPYGINI

Genus CHALYPYGE: (genus created in 2002)

Chalypyge zereda ______ EC
Chalypyge zereda hyhygieia ______ EC (subspecies in Colombia & northern Ecuador)
Chalapyge zereda zereda ______ EC (subspecies in Ecuador)
Chalapyge zereda rufipectus ______ EC (subspecies in Colombia & central Ecuador)
Chalapyge zereda zepha ______ EC (subspecies in southern Ecuador, described in 1951)
Chalapyge zereda insana ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Chalapyge zereda rufinucha ______ (subspecies in Peru & Bolivia)
ZEREDA SKIPPER

Genus OCHROPYGE: genus created in 2002
Ochropyge ruficauda ______ AR BR
RED-TAILED SKIPPER
(Range: southern Brazil, Argentina)

Genus PYRRHOPYGE: FIRETIPS
Pyrrhopyge phidias (ph) ______ EC (EBE:148) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
Pyrrhopyge phidias bixae ______ (subspecies from the Guianas to Mato Grosso, Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge phidias garata ______ (subspecies in the Guianas)
Pyrrhopyge phidias latifasciata ______ (subspecies in Colombia)
Pyrrhopyge phidias rusca ______ EC (subspecies in Ecuador, Peru, southwest Brazil, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge phidias leucoloma ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge phidias phidias ______ (subspecies from Trinidad to Paraguay)
Pyrrhopyge phidias guianae ______ (subspecies in Trinidad & the Guianas)
Pyrrhopyge phidias hyperici ______ (subspecies in Brazil in Para)
ORIGINAL FIRETIP

Original Firetip
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Pyrrhopyge pseudophidias ______
IMPOSTOR FIRETIP
(Range: Panama to Peru & northern Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge evansi ______ (species described in 1947)
Pyrrhopyge evansi evansi ______ (subspecies from Costa Rica to the Guianas)
Pyrrhopyge evansi borburata ______ (subspecies in Venezuela, described in 2010)
EVANS' FIRETIP
Pyrrhopyge crida ______ EC
WHITE-BANDED FIRETIP
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Pyrrhopyge cosyra ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge schausi ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
SCHAUS' FIRETIP
(Range: Colombia to Peru)
Pyrrhopyge cressoni ______ EC
CRESSON'S FIRETIP
(Range: in Ecuador, Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge martena ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
MARTENA FIRETIP
(Range: in Ecuador)
Pyrrhopyge sadia ______ EC (species described in 1951)
SADIA FIRETIP
(Range: in Ecuador, Peru)
Pyrrhopyge sergius ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge frona ______ (species described in 1951)
INCA FIRETIP
(Range: in Peru)
Pyrrhopyge mopsus ______
MOPSUS FIRETIP
(Range: in Peru)
Pyrrhopyge creona ______
CREONA FIRETIP
(Range: Peru & Amazonian Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge amyclas ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge amythaon ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge arinas ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge aziza (ph) ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge aziza aziza ______ (subspecies in Colombia)
Pyrrhopyge aziza lexos ______ EC (subspecies from Guyana to Peru)
Pyrrhopyge aziza araethyrea ______ EC (subspecies in Ecuador)
Pyrrhopyge aziza troja ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge aziza arbor ______ (subspecies in Colombia, Venezuela)
Pyrrhopyge aziza attis ______ (subspecies in Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge aziza subnubilus ______ (subspecies in Argentina)
AZIZA FIRETIP
(Range: in the eastern Andes from Colombia & Venezuela to Bolivia; also in mountains in Guyana & Argentina)

Aziza Firetip
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Pyrrhopyge arax ______ (species described in 1951)
ARAX FIRETIP
(Range: southeast Peru, Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge pusca ______
PUSCA FIRETIP
(Range: in Peru, Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge kelita ______ EC
STREAKED FIRETIP
(Range: in southeast Peru, Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge crista ______ (species described in 1951)
CRISTA FIRETIP
(Range: in Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge papius ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge proculus ______
Pyrrhopyge proculus cardus ______ (subspecies in northern Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge proculus hyleus ______ (subspecies in northern Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge proculus lina ______ (subspecies in northern Brazil, in Para, described in 1947)
Pyrrhopyge proculus cintra ______ (subspecies from the Guianas to Peru, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge proculus draudti ______ (subspecies from Colombia & Venezuela to Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge proculus proculus ______ (subspecies from Trinidad & Colombia to northern Brazil)
PROCULUS FIRETIP
Pyrrhopyge hadassa (ph) ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge hadassa hadassa ______ EC (subspecies from Colombia to Peru)
Pyrrhopyge hadassa henna ______ (subspecies in Peru, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge hadassa pseudohadassa ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Pyrrhopyge hadassa halma ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia)
HADASSA FIRETIP

Hadassa Firetip
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Pyrrhopyge terra ______ (species described in 1951)
TERRA FIRETIP
(Range: in Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge punctata ______
SONGO FIRETIP
(Range: in Bolivia, by the Rio Songo)
Pyrrhopyge melanomerus (ph) ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge melanomerus melanomerus ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia)
Pyrrhopyge melanomerus patma ______ EC (subspecies in southern Ecuador, northeast Peru)
MELANOMERUS FIRETIP

Melanomerus Firetip
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Pyrrhopyge telassa (ph) ______ EC
Pyrrhopyge telassa telassa ______ EC (subspecies in Ecuador)
Pyrrhopyge telassa phaeax ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Pyrrhopyge telassa silex ______ (subspecies in Peru, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge telassa croceimargo ______ (subspecies in southern Peru & Bolivia)
TELASSA FIRETIP

Telassa Firetip
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Pyrrhopyge telassina ______
Pyrrhopyge telassina telassina ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Pyrrhopyge telassina tagra ______ (subspecies in Peru, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge telassina shiva ______ (subspecies in southeast Peru & Bolivia, described in 1951)
TELASSINA FIRETIP

Pyrrhopyge thericles pseudophidias ______ EC (subspecies from Costa Rica to Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge thericles fola ______ (subspecies in Colombia & southwest Venezuela, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge thericles raymondi ______ (subspecies in Venezuela, described in 2010)
Pyrrhopyge thericles ronda ______ (subspecies in Trinidad, described in 1953)
Pyrrhopyge thericles grinda ______ (subspecies in Guyana, described in 1953)
Pyrrhopyge thericles ponicia ______ (subspecies in the Guianas & northern Brazil, described in 1951)
Pyrrhopyge thericles thericles ______ (subspecies in northeast Brazil)
Pyrrhopyge thericles orientis ______ (subspecies in northern Brazil in Para, described in 1947)
Pyrrhopyge thericles rileyi ______ EC BRse (subspecies in Ecuador, Bolivia, southeast Brazil)
IMPOSTER FIRETIP

Pyrrhopyge charybdis ______
Pyrrhopyge charybdis charybdis ______ ARne (MM:32) (subspecies in southern Brazil & northeast Argentina)
Pyrrhopyge charybdis semita ______ (subspecies in southern Brazil, described in 1951)
CHARYBDIS FIRETIP

Pyrrhopyge pelota ______ ARne (MM:33)
PELOTA FIRETIP
AR common name: Monsenor ("Monsignor" referring to its color)
(Range: Bolivia, Paraguay, northeast Argentina, southern Brazil)

Genus YANGUNA
Yanguna tetricus ______
TETRICUS SKIPPER
(Range: in Guyana, Peru)
Yanguna cometes ______ EC
Yanguna cometes cometes ______ (subspecies in French Guiana, northern Brazil)
Yanguna cometes staudingeri ______ EC (subspecies in Surinam, Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru)
Yanguna cometes angeli ______ (subspecies in Venezuela, described in 2010)
Yanguna cometes cometides ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia)
COMET SKIPPER
Yanguna thelersa ______ EC
THELERSA SKIPPER
(Range: from the Guianas & northern Brazil to Ecuador, Peru)
Yanguna cosyra ______ EC
COSYRA SKIPPER
(Range: Guatemala to Ecuador)
Yanguna spatiosa (ph) ______ EC
Yangosa spatiosa spatiosa ______ (subspecies in western Colombia, Ecuador)
Yangosa spatiosa mabillei ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Yangosa spatiosa aspilos ______ (subspecies in Bolivia)
SPATIOSA SKIPPER

Spatiosa Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Genus ZONA: genus created in 1951
Zona zonia ______ EC (species described in 1951)

Genus MELANOPYGE
Melanopyge maculosa ______
MACULOSA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Ecuador)

Genus JONASPYGE: (genus created in 2002)
Jonaspyge aesculapus ______ EC
FIRE-EDGED SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador)

Genus ELBELLA
Elbella intersecta ______ EC
Elbella intersecta strova ______ (subspecies from Panama to Venezuela, described in 1951)
Elbella intersecta losca ______ BRse (subspecies in southeast Brazil)
VARIABLE FIRETIP
Elbella patroclus ______ EC
Elbella patroclus patroclus ______ (subspecies from Panama to Bolivia)
PATROCULUS SKIPPER
Elbella dulcinea ______
DULCINEA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Venezuela & Ecuador)
Elbella patrobas ______ EC
Elbella patrobas patrobas ______ (subspecies from Guatemala to Colombia)
PATROBAS SKIPPER
Elbella miodesmiata ______
ROBER'S SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico, Panama to Colombia)
Ebella azeta ______ EC
Ebella scylla ______ EC

Genus PARELBELLA
Parelbella macleannani ______ EC
MACLEANNAN'S SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Genus JEMADIA
Jemadia pseudognetus ______ EC
DOT-COLLARED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela & the upper Amazon)
Jemadia hewitsonii ______ EC (EBE:148)
Jemadia hewitsoni albescens (ph) ______ (subspecies from Ecuador to Bolivia)
Jemadia hewitsoni hewitsoni ______ (subspecies from the Guianas to Peru)
Jemadia hewitsoni ovid ______ EC (subspecies in Colombia & Ecuador, described in 1951)
HEWITSON'S SKIPPER

Hewitson's Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Jemadia hospita ______ EC
Jemadia hospita hospita ______ EC (subspecies from Colombia to western Brazil)
Jemadia hospita imitator ______ (subspecies in Colombia)
Jemadia hospita hephaestos ______ (subspecies in Surinam)
HOSPIDA SKIPPER
Jemadia fallax ______ EC
Jemadia gnetus ______ EC

Genus AMYSORIA
Amysoria galgala ______ EC
RED-BANDED FIRETIP
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela & Ecuador)

Genus MIMARDARIS
Mimardaris sela (ph) ______ BRse EC
Mimardaris sela sela ______ (subspecies in Colombia)
Mimardaris sela aequatorea ______ EC (subspecies from Colombia to Peru)
Mimardaris sela peruviana ______ (subspecies in Peru)
Mimardaris sela periphema ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia)
Mimardaris sela chanchamayonis ______ (subspecies in Peru, Bolivia)
SELA SKIPPER

Sela Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Mimardaris aerata ______
AERATA SKIPPER
(Range: in Colombia)
Mimardaris porus ______ EC
Mimardaris porus porus ______ (subspecies in Colombia)
Mimardaris porus mortis ______ (subspecies in Peru, described in 1951)
PORUS SKIPPER
Mimardaris minthe _______ EC
MINTHE SKIPPER
(Range: Colombia to Peru)
Mimardaris pityusa ______ EC
PITYUSA SKIPPER
(Range: Ecuador, Peru)
Mimardaris lomax ______ (species described in 1951)
LOMAX SKIPPER
Mimardaris montra ______ (species described in 1951)
MONTRA SKIPPER

Genus MIMONIADES
Mimoniades nurscia ______ EC
Mimoniades nurscia malis ______ EC (EBE:148) (subspecies in Ecuador)
Mimoniades montana ______ BRse
Mimoniades ocyalus ______ BRse
Mimoniades versicolor ______ EC
Mimoniades versicolor versicolor ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil

Genus MYSORIA

Mysoria barcastus ______ EC
Mysoria barcastus venezuelae ______ (subspecies from Panama to the Guianas, also Trinidad & Tobago)
Mysoria barcastus barta ______ ARne (MM:34) subspecies from Panama to the Guianas, also Trinidad & Tobago
Mysoria barcastus barta ______ ARne (MM:34) subspecies in northeast Argentina
ROYAL FIRETIP
AR common name: Obispo (translates to "Bishop")
BR common name: Bispo ("Bishop")
Mysoria amra ______ EC

Genus MYSARBIA: (genus created in 2002)
Mysarbia sejanus ______ EC
Mysarbia sejanus stolli ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to the upper Amazon

Genus AZONAX
Azonax typhaon ______
TYPHAON SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to the Guianas)

Genus MYSCELUS

Myscelus amystis ______ EC
Myscelus amystis epigona ______ ARne (MM:35) subspecies in northeast Argentina
WIDESPREAD MYSCELUS (or Common Mytip)
AR common name: Epigono (Epigono was the name given to the children of the seven leaders of Tebas, who were killed in the siege of that city)
BR common name: Leque (meaning "fan")
Myscelus phoronis ______ EC
Myscelus phoronis phoronis ______ subspecies from Panama to Bolivia
PHORONIS MYSCELUS
Myscelus belli ______
BELL'S MYSCELUS
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela)
Myscelus perissodora ______
DYER'S MYSCELUS
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Myscelus assaricus ______ EC
Myscelus pardalina ______ EC
Myscelus pegasus ______ EC
Myscelus epimachia ______ EC
Myscelus epimachia verina ______ EC (EBE:148) subspecies in Ecuador
Myscelus epimachia epimachia (ph) ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
EPIMACHIA GLORY

Epimachia Glory
(photo by Jorge Bizarro)
Myscelus santhilarius ______ BRse

Genus PASSOVA
Passova ganymedes ______ EC
Passova passova ______ EC

Genus ASPITHA
Aspitha leander ______
LEANDER FIRETIP
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Aspitha aspitha parima ______ subspecies in the Guianas, northern Brazil, Trinidad
Aspitha aspitha aspitha ______ subspecies in Amazonian Brazil
Aspitha aspitha rufescens ______ subspecies in Brazil, in Rondonia
ASPITHA FIRETIP
Aspitha bassieri ______
BASSIER'S FIRETIP
(Range: in Peru)
Aspithia agenoria agenoria ______ EC subspecies from Colombia to Bolivia
Aspithia agenoria cruor ______ subspecies in Peru
Aspithia agenoria saniers ______ subspecies in Peru, Bolivia

Genus GRANILA

Granilla paseas ______ ARne EC (MM:36)
PASEAS SKIPPER
AR common name: Paseas (referring to the scientific name, Paseas governed Sicione, an important Greek city)
(Range: southeast Brazil, northeast Argentina, Paraguay)

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe CARCHARODINI

Genus ARTEUROTIA

Arteurotia tractipennis ______ (PE:text)
Arteurotia tractipennis tractipennis ______ subspecies from Texas to Surinam and Bolivia
STARRED SKIPPER (or Arteurotia Skipper)
(Range: northern Mexico to northern South America, strays to far-southern Texas)

Genus POLYCTOR
Polyctor polyctor (ph) ______ EC (EBE:153)
Polyctor polyctor polyctor (ph) ______ BRse subspecies from Costa Rica to Argentina and southeast Brazil
Polyctor polyctor dagua ______ (in Colombia, subspecies described in 1953)
POLYCTOR TUFTED-SKIPPER

Polyctor Tufted-Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Polyctor fera ______
Polyctor fera fera ______ subspecies in Bolivia
Polyctor fera falla ______ subspecies in Venezuela, described in 1953

Genus ILIANA
Iliana heros ______ EC

JERA: (genus endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Jera tricuspidata ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Genus MICTRIS: (genus created in 1955)
Mictris crispus ______ EC
Mictris crispus caerula ______ EC subspecies from southern Mexico to Ecuador
CRISP SKIPPER

Genus MIMIA: (genus created in 1953)
Mimia phidyle ______ EC

Genus MORVINA: (genus created in 1953)
Morvina fissimacula ______ EC
Morvina morvus ______ EC

Genus MYRINIA: (genus created in 1953)
Myrinia laddeyi ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Myrinia myris ______ EC
MYRIS SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)

Genus NISONIADES: TUFTED-SKIPPERS

Nisoniades rubescens ______ EC (K:275) (PE:text)
PURPLISH TUFTED-SKIPPER (or Purplish-black Skipper)
(Range: north Mexico to the lower Amazon and Bolivia, strays to far-southern Texas)
Nisoniades panama ______ EC (species described in 1953)
PANAMANIAN TUFTED-SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Ecuador)
Nisoniades laurentina ______
DARK TUFTED-SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to the Guianas, and Trinidad)
Nisoniades benda ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1953)
Nisoniades castolus ______ EC
CASTOLUS TUFTED-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to southern Brazil)
Nisoniades coca ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1989)
Nisoniades ephora ______ EC
EPHORA TUFTED-SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Peru and the Guianas, and Trinidad)
Nisoniades evansi ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1989)
Nisoniades hecale ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Nisoniades hora ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Nisoniades mimas ______ EC
Nisoniades nyctineme ______ EC
Nisoniades bipuncta ______ BRse
Nisoniades macarius ______ ARba,ne EC (BB:65) (MM:66)
MACARIUS TUFTED-SKIPPER
AR common name: Macario (referring to the scientific name, given in honor of San Macario)
(Range: Panama to Argentina)
Nisoniades haywardi ______ ARba (BB:67)
HAYWARD'S SKIPPER
AR common name: Saltarin de Hayward

Genus NOCTUANA
Noctuana lactifera ______
Noctuana lactifera lactifera ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to Colombia
CRYPTIC SKIPPER
Noctuana haematospila ______ EC
Noctuana noctua ______ EC
NOCTUA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Peru)
Noctuana stator ______ EC (EBE:153)
RED-STUDDED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Peru and the Guianas, and Trinidad)
Noctuana diurna ______ BRse

Genus PACHYNEURIA: TUFTED-SKIPPERS
Pachyneuria licisca ______
IMMACULATE TUFTED-SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela)
Pachyneuria helena ______ EC
Pachyneuria herophile ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Pachyneuria inops ______ BRse EC
Pachyneuria obscura ______ EC

Genus PELLICIA: TUFTED-SKIPPERS

Pellicia dimidiata ______ EC (PE:text)
Pellicia dimidiata dimidiata ______ subspecies from Mexico to the Amazon, and Trinidad
MORNING-GLORY TUFTED-SKIPPER (or Morning Glory Pellicia)
(Range: north Mexico to Argentina)
Pellica angra ______ EC
RARE TUFTED-SKIPPER
Pellica costimacula ______ EC
Pellica costimacula costimacula ______ BRse subspecies from Panama to Paraguay and southern Brazil
FROSTED TUFTED-SKIPPER
Pellica trax ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1953)
Pellica tyana ______ EC
Pellica tonga ______ (species described in 1953)
TONGA TUFTED-SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Venezuela)
Pellica vecina vecina ______ ARne (MM:67) subspecies in northeast Argentina
AR common name: Vecina ("Similar'')

Genus OCELLA
Ocella albata (ph) ______ EC
(Range: in Ecuador & Peru)

Ocella albata
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Ocella diophthalma ______
Ocella monophthalma ______
(Range: in Brazil)

Genus VIOLA
Viola minor ______ ARba (BB:69)
COMMON SMALL SKIPPER
AR common name: Saltarincito Comun
Viola violella ______ ARne BRse EC (MM:68)
AR common name: Manchadita (translates to "Little Spotted")

Genus XISPIA
Xispia quadrata ______ EC

Genus GORGOPAS
Gorgopas chlorocephala (ph) ______ EC
Gorgopas chlorocephala chlorocephala ______ subspecies from Nicaragua to Bolivia
Gorgopas chlorocephala sneiderni ______ in Colombia, subspecies described in 1947
GREEN-HEADED SOOTYWING

Green-headed Sootywing
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Gorgopas gutta ______ (species described in 1953)
(Range: in Peru)
Gorgopas agyila ______
(Range: in Bolivia)
Gorgopas trochilus ______
(Range: In Bolivia)
Gorgopas petale ______ BRse EC
(Range: in Brazil & Ecuador)

Genus BOLLA: SOOTYWINGS
Bolla cyclops (or sonda) ______
CYCLOPS SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Bolla cupreiceps ______ EC
COPPER-HEADED SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Bolla morona ______ EC
Bolla nigerrima ______ EC
Bolla phylo ______ EC
Bolla zora ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1953)
Bolla zorilla ______ EC
ZORILLA SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia)
Bolla imbras ______
ROUNDED SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela)
Bolla boliviensis ______
BOLIVIAN SOOTYWING
(Range: Guatemala to Bolivia)
Bolla catharina ______ BRse
Bolla atahualpai ______ ARne (MM:69)
ATAHUALPAI SOOTYWING
AR common name: Atahualpa (referring to the scientific name, Atahualpa was the last emperor of the Incas)
(Range: Panama to Argentina)

Genus CYCLOSEMIA: EYED-SKIPPERS
Cyclosemia anastomosis ______ EC
NORTHERN EYED-SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Cyclosemia leppa ______ EC (species described in 1953)
LEPPA EYED-SKIPPER
(Range: Guatemala to Bolivia)
Cyclosemia lycaea ______
LYCAEA EYED-SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to southeast Brazil)
Cyclosemia pedro ______
PEDRO EYED-SKIPPER
(Range: Honduras to Amazonian Brazil)
Cyclosemia subcaerulea ______
SUBCAERULEA EYED-SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador)

Genus STAPHYLUS: SOOTYWINGS
Staphylus lenis ______
LENIS SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Trinidad)
Staphylus vincula ______
MOUNTAIN SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela)
Staphylus perforata ______
PERFORATA SOOTYWING
(Range: Panama, Colombia, Peru)
Staphylus azteca ______ EC
AZTEC SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Staphylus huigra ______ EC
Staphylus huigra huigra ______ subspecies from Ecuador to Bolivia
HUIGRA SOOTYWING
Staphylus imperspicua ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Staphylus melangon ______ EC
Staphylus minor ______ EC
Staphylus oeta ______ EC
OETA SOOTYWING
(Range: Costa Rica to Bolivia and Argentina)
Staphylus saxos ______ EC (species described in 1953)
Staphylus caribbea ______ EC
PANAMANIAN SOOTYWING
(Range: Nicaragua to Ecuador)
Staphylus vulgata ______ EC (EBE:153)
GOLDEN-SNOUTED SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Staphylus ascalaphus ______
CENTRAL AMERICAN SOOTYWING
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil)
Staphylus ascalon ______ ARne (MM:70)
AR common name: Ascalonita (referring to the scientific name, Ascalon was a Palestinian city besieged by Balduino III. Ascalonita was an inhabitant of Ascalon)
Staphylus melaina ______ ARne (MM:71)
AR common name: Oscura ("Dark", referring to its coloration)
Staphylus incisus ______ ARne (MM:72)
AR common name: Saltarin Ocraceo ("Ochraceous Skipper", referring to the color of the outer margins of the wings)
Staphylus aurocapilla ______ ARba (BB:73)
AR common name: Saltarin Boca Blanca ("White Mouth Skipper")

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe CELAENORRHININI

Genus CELAENORRHINUS
Celaenorrhinus cynapes ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Celaenorrhinus cynapes cynapes ______ subspecies from southern Mexico to Ecuador
SMALL FLAT
Celaenorrhinus eligius ______ EC
ELIGIUS FLAT
(Range: Costa Rica to Peru, and to the Guianas and Trinidad and Tobago)
Celaenorrhinus shema ______ EC
Celaenorrhinus songoensis ______ EC (EBE:149)
Celaenorrhinus suthina ______ EC
Celaenorrhinus monartus ______
DOTTED FLAT
(Range: southern Mexico to northern Brazil)
Celanorrhinus bifurcus ______
BIFURCATE FLAT
(Range: Costa Rica to the Guianas, and Trinidad)

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe PYRGINI

Genus ANISOCHORIA: SNOUT-SKIPPERS
Anisochoria minorella ______ EC
Anisochoria nadia ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Anisochoria pedaliodina ______ EC
Anisochoria pedaliodina polysticta ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to the Guianas
CENTRAL AMERICAN SNOUT-SKIPPER
Anisochoria sublimbata ______ ARba,ne (BB:75) (MM:87)
AR common name: Ala Cortada ("Cut Wing", ("Cut Wing", referring to the shape of the forewing apex)

Genus TRINA
Trina geometrina ______ EC
Trina geometrina geometrina ______ ARne BRse (MM:73) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
AR common name: Geometrica (referring to the scientific name and the geometric pattern on the wings)

Genus PACHES
Paches loxus (ph) ______ EC (EBE:150)
Paches loxus loxus ______ subspecies from Panama to Ecuador & Brazil
Paches loxus loxana ______ in Bolivia, subspecies described in 1953
GLORIOUS BLUE-SKIPPER

Glorious Blue Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Paches trifasciatus ______
(Range; in Peru)
Paches era ______ (species described in 1953)
(Range: in Peru)
Paches gladiatus ______
(Range: in Brazil, in Para)
Paches exosa ______ EC
(Range: in Amazonian Brazil & Ecuador)

Genus CARRHENES: HOARY SKIPPERS

Carrhenes canescens ______ (K:295) (PE:31)
Carrhenes canescens pallida ______ ARne (MM:83) subspecies in northeast Argentina
HOARY SKIPPER
AR common name: Encanecida
(Range: south Texas to Argentina)
Carrhenes calidius ______ EC
RAIN-FOREST HOARY-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Bolivia)
Carrehenes meridensis ______
COSTA RICAN HOARY-SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to Venezuela)
Carrhenes lilloi ______ EC
Carrhenes leada ______
BUTLER'S HOARY-SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Bolivia and southern Brazil)

Genus CLITO: (genus created in 1953)
Clito aberrans ______ EC
NORTHERN CLITO
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Clito zelotes ______ EC
HEWITSON'S CLITO
(Range: southeast Mexico to the Guianas and the upper Amazon)

Genus DIAEUS
Diaeus ambata ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1953)
Diaeus lacaena ______ EC (EBE:150)
Diaeus variegata (ph) ______
(Range: in Peru)

Diaeus variegata
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Genus ERACON
Eracon clinias ______ EC
CLINIAS SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to the Amazon)
Eracon paulinus ______
TEAR-DROP SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to the Guianas and the upper Amazon)

Genus PSEUDODREPHALYS: genus created in 1998
Pseudodrephalys hypargus ______ EC

Genus SPIONIADES
Spioniades abbreviata ______ EC
Spioniades abbreviata abbreviata ______ subspecies from Nicaragua to Colombia
WHITE-TIPPED SKIPPER
Spioniades artemides ______
ARTEMIDES SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to southern Brazil)

Genus TIMOCHREON
Timochreon satyrus ______ EC
Timochreon satyrus satyrus ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to the upper Amazon
SATYR SKIPPER

Genus XENOPHANES

Xenophanes tryxus (ph) ______ ARne BRse EC (EBE:150) (K:295) (MM:84) (PE:32)
GLASSY-WINGED SKIPPER (or Window-winged Skipper)
AR common name: Jenofanes (derived from the scientific name Xenophanes: Jenofanes was a Greek philosopher in the 6th Century B.C.)
(Range: north Mexico to Argentina, periodically in far-south Texas)

Glassy-winged Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Genus ANTIGONUS
Antigonus erosus (ph) ______ BRse EC
COMMON SPURWING
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

A Common Spurwing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Rise Hill)
Antigonus nearchus ______ EC (EBE:149)
LARGE SPURWING
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Antigonus decens ______
(Range: in Peru)
Antigonus mutilatus (ph) ______
(Range: in Peru)

Antigonus mutilatus
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Antigonus minor ______ (species described in 1980)
(Range: in Brazil)
Antigonus liborius liborius ______ subspecies in Brazil, in Bahia
Antigonus liborius areta ______ ARba,ne (BB:71) (MM:85) (subspecies in southern Brazil & Argentina)
AR common name: Areta (referring to the scientific name)

Genus ZOPYRION
Zopyrion subvariegata _______ EC

Genus PYRGUS: CHECKERED SKIPPERS (or GRIZZLED SKIPPERS)

In Chile, Pyrgus species are dusky brown with pale squared spots. The larvae feed on mallows.
Pyrgus adepta ______
CENTRAL AMERICAN CHECKERED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Pyrgus brenda ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1942)
BRENDA CHECKERED SKIPPER
(Range: in Ecuador & Peru)
Pyrgus chloe ______ (species described in 1942)
(Range: in Peru)
Pyrgus limbata limbata ______ subspecies in Peru
Pyrgus limbata nigella ______ subspecies in Bolivia
Pyrgus titicaca ______
Pyrgus orcynoides ______ ARba (BB:85)
AR common name: Cuadriculada Comun
(Range: Argentina)
Pyrgus communis ______ EC (EBE:150) (K:289) (PW:39)
COMMON CHECKERED SKIPPER
Pyrgus oileus (ph) ______ EC (EBE:150) (K:289) (PW:39) (species described by Linnaeus in 1767)
TROPICAL CHECKERED SKIPPER

Above & below: Tropical Checkered Skippers
photographed during FONT tours.
Above: a male. Below: a female.
Upper photo during the FONT tour in western Ecuador in May 2014.
(upper photo by Marie Gardner, lower photo by Rise Hill)
Pyrgus orcus (ph) ______ ARba,ne BRse EC (BB:89) (MM:96)
ORCUS CHECKERED SKIPPER
AR common name: Cuadriculada de Pluton ("Pluto's Checkered", referring to the scientific name. "Orcus" is an old Roman name of Pluto, the king of hell.)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, and from Trinidad north to Dominica)

Above & below: Two photos and two views
of the Orcus Checkered Skipper
(both photos by Sherry Nelson)
Pyrgus barrosi ______ CH (species described in 1956)
CH common name: Hesperia de Octavio
(Range: in Chile, in Antofagasta at sandy sites with leguminous vegetation, at around 13,000 feet above sea level)
Pyrgus bocchoris ______
Pyrgus bocchoris cuzcona ______ subspecies in Peru
Pyrgus bocchoris bocchoris ______ subspecies in Bolivia
Pyrgus bocchoris trisignatus ______ CH (subspecies in Chile)
CH common name: Hesperia de Tres Manchas
(Range: in Chile, commonly from Arica to Biobio)
Pyrgus fides ______ CH
CH common name: Hesperia Parda
(Range: Peru, Argentina, Chile; in Chile, fairly common from Arica to central Chile)
Pyrgus notatus ______ EC
Pyrgus notatus notatus ______ CH subspecies in Chile
Pyrgus notatus valdivina ______ CH subspecies in Chile
CH common name: Hesperia Parda Comun
(Range: in Chile, fairly common from Santiago to Valdivia)

Genus HELIOPYRGUS
Heliopyrgus domicella (formerly Heliopetes domicella) ______ EC (K:293) (P:42)
Heliopyrgus domicella domicella ______ subspecies from the southern US to Venezuela
ERICHSON'S WHITE-SKIPPER
(Range: the southwest US and northern Mexico to Argentina)
Heliopyrgus americanus (formerly Heliopetes americanus) ______
Heliopyrgys americanus bellatrix ______ ARba,ne CH (BB:87) (MM:95) (subspecies in Argentina)
AR common name: Cuadriculada Belicosa ("Checkered Warrior", referring to the wing pattern similar to a checkerboard and its scientific name, bellatrix, meaning "warrior")
CH common name: Hesperia Gris Comun
(Range in Chile: from Atacama to Biobio)

The flight of Heliopyrgus americanus in Chile is from September to May.

Genus HELIOPETES: LARGE WHITE SKIPPERS
Heliopetes laviana ______ EC (EBE:149) (K:293) (PE:42)
Heliopetes laviana laviana ______ subspecies from the southwest US to Venezuela
Heliopetes laviana libra ______ (MM:98) subspecies in northeast Argentina
LAVIANA WHITE-SKIPPER
AR common name: Libra (referring to the scientific name)
(Range: south Texas to Argentina, strays into Arizona & cent Texas)
Heliopetes macaira ______ EC (K:293) (P:42)
TURK'S-CAP WHITE-SKIPPER (or Macaira Skipper)
(Range: south Texas to Paraguay)
Heliopetes arsalte (ph) ______ ARne BRse EC (EBE:149) (MM:97) (species described by Linnaeus in 1758)
VEINED WHITE-SKIPPER
AR common name: Arsalte (referring to the scientific name)
(Range: southern Texas and Mexico to Argentina)

A Veined White-Skipper photographed in southeastern Brazil
(photo by Jorge Bizarro)
Heliopetes alana ______ ARne EC (EBE:149) (MM:99)
ALANA WHITE-SKIPPER
AR common name: Alano (referring to the scientific name, Alano was one of the "barbarian people" who invaded Spain during the 5th Century)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Heliopetes chimbo ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Heliopetes marginata ______ EC
Heliopetes nivella ______ EC
Heliopetes randa ______ ARne (MM:100)
AR common name: Randa ("Trimming Lace")
Heliopetes omrina ______ ARba,ne EC (BB:91) (MM:101)
STAINED WHITE-SKIPPER
AR common names: Omrina (referring to the scientific name) and Blanco con Charreteras ("white with epaulettes")
(Range: Panama to Argentina)

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe ACHLYODIDINI

Genus ACHLYODES (or EANTIS): SICKLEWINGS
Achlyodes (or Eantis) thraso ______ ARne BRse EC (EBE:151) (MM:89)
SOUTHERN SICKLEWING (or Sickle-winged Skipper)
AR common name: Saltarin Gancho (translates to "Hooked Skipper", referring to the shape of the forewing apex)
BR common name: Telao de Seda ("silk screen")
(Range: southern Mexico to Argentina)
Achlyodes pallida (or selva) (ph) ______ EC (EBE:151)
PALE SICKLEWING
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia, north into Texas as a stray)

Pale Sicklewing
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Achlyodes psimmithina ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Achlyodes busirus ______ EC
Achlyodes busirus heros ______ EC subspecies from Mexico to Bolivia
Achlyodes busirus rioja ______ ARne BRse (MM:88) subspecies in northeast Argentina
GIANT SICKLEWING
AR common name: Busiris (referring to the scientific name, Busiris, in mythology, was the father of Thebes, killed by Hercules)

Genus AETHILLA
Aethilla lavochrea ______
YELLOW-RIMMED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Aethilla echina ______ ARne EC
Aethilla echina echina ______ subspecies from southeast Mexico to southern Brazil
Aethilla echina coracina ______ ARne (MM:86) subspecies in northeast Argentina
ECHINA SKIPPER (or Frosted Groundskipper)
AR common name: Coracina ("Little Armor", meaning a small reinforcement covering the heart on the left of armor)
Aethilla eleusinia ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Aethilla epicra ______ EC
Aethilla gigas ______ EC

Genus ATAMES
Atames sallei ______
ORANGE-SPOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Genus HAEMACTIS
Haemactis sanguinalis ______ EC

Genus OULEUS
Ouleus panna ______ (species described in 1953)
PANNA SKIPPER
(Range: Guatemala to Colombia)
Ouleus dilla ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Ouleus narycus ______ EC
Ouleus fridericus ______ EC
Ouleus fridericus riona ______ ARne BRse (MM:76) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
AR common name: Kamba (a Guarani word meaning "dark-skinned person")

Genus ZERA: genus created in 1953
Zera zera ______ BRse
Zera zera zera ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
ZERA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador and southern Brazil)
Zera difficilis ______
DIFFICULT SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to the Guianas and the upper Amazon)
Zera hyacinthinus ______ EC
Zera hyacinthinus hyacinthinus ______ subspecies from Mexico to Colombia
Zera hyacinthinus servius ______ ARne (MM:77) subspecies in northeast Argentina
BRUISED ZERA
AR common name: Jacinto
Zera nolckeni ______ EC (EBE:151)
NOLCKEN'S SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Bolivia)
Zera hosta ______ (species described in 1953)
HOSTA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Colombia)
Zera tetrastigma ______ BRse
Zera tetrastigma tetrastigma ______ subspecies from southern Mexico to the upper Amazon, and Trinidad
Zera tetrastigma erisichthon ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
TETRASTIGMA SKIPPER
Zera phila _______
PHILA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Bolivia)

Genus QUADRUS
Quadrus cerialis ______ ARne EC (MM:78)
COMMON BLUE-SKIPPER
AR common name: Saltarin de Ceres ("Saltarin" means "skipper", Ceres was the Latin goddess of farming)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Quadrus contubernalis ______ EC
Quadrus contubernalis contubernalis ______ subspecies from southeast Mexico to the upper Amazon
STRIPED BLUE-SKIPPER
Quadrus lugubris ______ EC
TANNED BLUE-SKIPPER
Quadrus truncata ______ EC
Quadrus u-lucida ______ EC

Genus PYTHONIDES
Pythonides pteras ______
NARROW-WINGED BLUE-SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Colombia)
Pythonides grandis ______ EC
Pythonides grandis assecia ______ subspecies from southeast Mexico to the upper Amazon in Peru
MANY-SPOTTED BLUE-SKIPPER
Pythnides jovianus ______ EC
Pythnides jovianus amaryllis ______ subspecies from southeast Mexico to Peru
Pythnides jovianus jovianus ______ subspecies in Colombia, the Guianas, the upper Amazon, and Trinidad
VARIABLE BLUE-SKIPPER
Pythnides lerina ______ EC
Pythnides neivai ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Pythnides parallelus ______ EC
Pythnides pescada ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1956)
Pythnides proxenus ______
PROXENUS BLUE-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador)
Pythnides herennius ______
Pythnides herennius herennius ______ subspecies from Panama to Peru and the Amazon
HERENNIUS BLUE-SKIPPER
Pythonides lances ______ ARne (MM:79)
AR common name: Lanza ("Lance", referring to the shape of the white spots on the hindwings)

Genus MILANION
Milanion hemes ______
Milanion hemes hemes ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to the Guianas, and Trinidad
HEMES SKIPPER
Milanion marciana ______
MARCIANA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)
Milanion pilumnus ______ EC
Milanion leucaspis ______ ARne BRse (MM:80)
AR common name: Escudo Blanco (translates to "White Shield")

Genus CHARIDIA
Charidia lucaria (ph) ______   EC
Charidia lucaria lucaria ______ subspecies in the Guianas
Charidia lucaria pilea ______ subspecies in Colombia, described in 1951
Charidia lucaria mayo ______ subspecies in Peru, described in 1953
Charidia lucaria pocus ______ subspecies in Peru, described in 1953
LUCARIA SKIPPER

Lucaria Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)

Subfamily PYRGINAE, Tribe ERYNNINI

Genus ANASTRUS
Anastrus meliboea ______ EC
Anastrus meliboea meliboea ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to Colombia
SCARCE ANASTRUS
Anastrus neaeris (ph) ______
Anastrus neaeris neaeris ______ subspecies from southern Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador
Anastrus neaeris narva ______ from Panama to Bolivia and east-central Brazil, subspecies described in 1953
BRILLIANT ANASTRUS
(Range: in Peru)

Brilliant Anastrus
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Anastrus obscurus ______ EC
Anastrus sempiternus ______ EC (EBE:152)
Anastrus sempiternus sempiternus ______ EC subspecies from Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador
COMMON ANASTRUS
(Range also in the West Indies)
Anastrus tolimus ______ EC
Anastrus tolimus tolimus ______ EC subspecies from eastern Mexico to Ecuador
BLURRY ANASTRUS
Anastrus virens ______ EC (species described in 1999)

Genus CAMPTOPLEURA: BENT-SKIPPERS
Camptopleura auxo ______ EC
AUXO BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Camptopleura termon ______ EC
Camptopleura theramenes ______ EC (EBE:151)
MABILLE'S BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil)
Camptopleura impressus ______
IMPRESSIVE BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Minas Gerais in Brazil)

Genus CYCLOGLYPHA: BENT-SKIPPERS
Cycloglypha caeruleonigra ______ EC
Cycloglypha thrasibulus ______ EC (EBE:152)
Cycloglypha thrasibulus thrasibulus ______ subspecies from Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil
WIDESPREAD BENT-SKIPPER
Cycloglypha tisias ______ EC
TISIAS BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to southern Brazil)
Cycloglypha enega ______
ENEGA BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to Bolivia and southern Brazil)

Genus GORGYTHION

Gorgythion begga ______ EC
Gorgythion begga pyralina ______ EC subspecies from Texas to the Guianas and Bolivia
Gorgythion begga begga ______ ARne (K:275) (MM:74) (PE:text) subspecies in northeast Argentina
VARIEGATED SKIPPER (or Begga Skipper)
AR common name: Bega (referring to the scientific name)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, strays to far-southern Texas)
Gorgythion beggina ______
Gorgythion beggina escalophoides ______ ARne (MM:75) subspecies from Costa Rica to Argentina
BEGGINA SKIPPER
AR common name: Beggina (referring to the scientific name)

Genus SOSTRATA

Sostrata bifasciata ______ EC
Sostrata bifasciata leucorrhoa ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to Colombia
Sostrata bifasciata bifasciata ______ ARne BRse (MM:81) subspecies in northeast Argentina
METAL-STUDDED SKIPPER (was Blue-studded Skipper)
AR common name: Saltarin Lavanda ("Lavander Skipper")
(Range: Costa Rica to Argentina)
Sostrata grippa ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1953)
GRIPPA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Bolivia)
Sostrata pusilla ______ EC
Sostrata pusilla pusilla ______ subspecies from Nicaragua to the upper Amazon
PUSILLA SKIPPER

Genus MYLON
Mylon lassia ______ EC (EBE:153)
BOLD MYLON
(Range: Mexico to the Guianas, and Trinidad)
Mylon salvia ______ (species described in 1953)
EVANS' MYLON
(Range: Guatemala to Colombia)
Mylon ander ______ EC (species described in 1953)
Mylon ander ander ______ subspecies from southeast Mexico to southern Brazil
NARROW-WINGED MYLON
Mylon illineatus ______ EC
Mylon mestor ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1953)
MESTOR MYLON
(Range: in Ecuador)
Mylon salvia ______ EC (species described in 1953)
EVANS' MYLON
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Mylon maimon (or menippus) ______ ARne EC (MM:82)
COMMON MYLON
AR common name: Menipo (derived from the scientific name, Menipo was a Greek philosopher in the 5th Century B.C.)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Mylon pelopidas (ph) ______ BRse EC
PALE MYLON
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Pale Mylon
(photo by Sherry C. Nelson)
Mylon jason ______
JASON'S MYLON
(Range: Guatemala to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Mylon cajus (ph) ______ EC
Mylon cajus cajus ______ subspecies from Colombia to Brazil

Mylon cajus
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Mylon cristata ______ (species described in 2000)
AUSTIN'S MYLON
(Range: Mexico to Brazil)
Mylon zephus ______ EC

Genus POTAMANAXAS
Potamanaxas effusa ______
Potamanaxas effusa confusa ______ subspecies in Panama, Colombia
EFFUSA SKIPPER
Potamanaxas andraemon ______ EC
Potamanaxas bana ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1956)
Potamanaxas flavofasciata ______ EC
Potamanaxas hirta ______ EC
Potamanaxas hirta paphos ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to Ecuador, subspecies described in 1953
HIRTA SKIPPER
Potamanaxas laoma ______ EC
Potamanaxas latrea ______ EC
Potamanaxas melicertes ______ EC
MELICERTES SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador)
Potamanaxas thestia ______ EC
Potamanaxas thoria ______ EC
THORIA SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to Peru)
Potamanaxas tunga ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1956)
Potamanaxas unifasciata ______ EC
FELDER'S SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Peru)

Genus GRAIS
Grais stigmaticus ______ EC
Grais stigmaticus stigmaticus ______ ARne EC (K:277) (MM:90) (PE:32) subspecies from Mexico to Argentina
HERMIT SKIPPER
AR common name: Ermitano ("Hermit")
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, periodic stray into North America, also Jamaica)

Genus TIMOCHARES
Timochares trifasciata ______ EC (EBE:152)
Timochares trifasciata trifasciata ______ ARne EC (MM:91) subspecies from Mexico to Argentina and Brazil
FIVE-BANDED SKIPPER
AR common name: Tres Franjas ("Three Bands")

Genus TOSTA
Tosta niger ______ (species described in 1940)
COLOMBIAN SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)

Genus EBRIETAS: BENT-SKIPPERS
Ebrietas anacreon ______ ARne EC (EBE:152)
Ebrietas anacreon anacreon ______ ARne EC (MM:92) subspecies from Mexico to Argentina
COMMON BENT-SKIPPER (or Common Bentwing)
AR common name: Anacreonte (referring to the scientific name, Anacreon was a Greek lyric poet. born in Teos)
Ebrietas badia ______ EC
BADIA BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Bolivia)
Ebrietas elaudia ______ EC
Ebrietas elaudia elaudia ______ subspecies in Panama, Colombia, Venezuela
Ebrietas elaudia livius ______ EC subspecies from southeast Mexico to Bolivia
PLAIN BENT-SKIPPER (or ELAUDIA BENT-SKIPPER)
Ebrietas evanidus ______ EC
BLURRED BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Peru and the upper Amazon)
Ebrietas infanda ______ EC
Ebrietas osyris ______ EC
YELLOW-PATCHED BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Venezuela and Ecuador)

Genus HELIAS: BENT-SKIPPERS
Helias cama ______ (species described in 1953)
SQUARED BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Helias godmani ______ EC
GODMAN'S BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador)
Helias phalaenoides ______ ARne BRse EC
Helias phalaenoides phalaenoides ______ BRse EC subspecies from Panama to Bolivia and Brazil
Helias phalaenoides palpalis ______ ARne (MM:93) subspecies in northeast Argentina
FABRICUS' BENT-SKIPPER
AR common name: Falsa Polilla ("False Moth", referring to the scientific name "phalaenoides" meaning "like a moth")

Genus THEAGENES: BENT-SKIPPERS
Theagenes aegides ______ EC
WHITE-CENTERED BENT-SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Theagenes albiplaga ______ EC (EBE:153)
Theagenes dichrous ______ ARba (BB:79)
AR common name: Saltarin Ventosa ("Suction Cup Skipper")

Genus CHIOMARA
Chiomara asychis (ph) ______ EC (species described in 1953)
Chiomara asychis simon ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to Venezuela, and Trinidad
Chiomara asychis autander ______ ARba (BB:81) subspecies in northeast Argentina
WHITE-PATTERNED SKIPPER (or Asychis Skipper)
AR common name: Parche Blanco ("White Patch")
(Range: Costa Rica to Argentina, also the Lesser Antilles)

White-patterned Skipper
(photo courtesy of Michiel Koomen)
Chiomara basigutta ______ EC
Chiomara mithrax ______ EC (EBE:153)

Genus GESTA: (genus created in 1953)
Gesta gesta (was Erynnis gesta) ______ BRse EC
IMPOSTOR DUSKY WING
(Range: Costa Rica to Argentina, also Greater Antilles)
Gesta heteropterus ______ EC

Genus ERYNNIS: TRUE DUSKYWINGS
Erynnis tristis ______
Erynnis tristis tristis ______ subspecies from the southwest US to Colombia
MOURNFUL DUSKYWING
Erynnis funeralis (ph) ______ ARba,ne CH EC (BB:83) (K:281) (MM:94) (PE:32)
FUNEREAL DUSKYWING
AR common name: Saltarin Funebre
CH common name: Hesperia Negra
(Range: southwest US to Argentina, strays widely. In northern Chile, from Atacama to Araucania)

A Funereal Dusky Wing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Rosemary Lloyd)

Subfamily HETEROPTERINAE

The butterflies in HETEROPTERINAE are known as the "Skipperlings".

Even though HETEROPTERINAE is a small subfamily, in one of its genera, Dalla, there are 38 species in Ecuador, and about 40 per cent of them are endemic or nearly so to that country.
There is also, in the subfamily, a genus that is endemic to Ecuador, Freemaniana, created in 2001. In that genus, there is only one species.

"Skipperlings" are small, with an elongated abdomen, usually curved downwards when sitting.
They are often seen by streams and on wet soil ingesting mineral salts.
Species in this group occur in a variety of habitats.

Host plants are usually grasses. For example, in Poaceae.

Genus DALLA
Dalla agathocles ______ EC
Dalla calcus (ph) ______ EC
Dalla calcus inca ______

Dalla calcus inca (photo by Sherry Nelson)
Dalla calaon ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Dalla celsus ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 2002)
Dalla coupavia (ph) ______
(Range: in Peru)

Dalla coupavia (photo by Sherry Nelson)
Dalla crithote ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Dalla cypselus (ph) ______ EC

Dalla cypselus (photo by Sherry Nelson)
Dalla decca ______ EC (species described in 1955)
Dalla dimidiatus ______ EC
Dalla disconnexa ______ EC (either endemic of nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 2002)
Dalla dognini ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Dalla dora ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Dalla eburones ______ EC
Dalla epiphaneus ______ EC
Dalla eryonas ______ EC
CENTRAL AMERICAN SKIPPERLING
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)
Dalla frontinia ______ EC (species described in 1955)
Dalla gelus _____ EC
Dalla genes ______ EC
Dalla geon ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Dalla granites ______ EC
Dalla grovius ______ EC
Dalla hesperioides ______ EC
Dalla ibhara ______ EC
Dalla lenda ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Dalla lorda ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Dalla mesoxanthu ______ EC
Dalla mora ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Dalla parma ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Dalla pincha ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1991)
Dalla polycrates ______ EC
Dalla pota ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1959)
Dalla puracensis ______ EC (species described in 1991)
Dalla quadristriga ______ EC
Dalla quasca ______ EC (species described in 1947)
Dalla riza ______ EC
Dalla superior ______ EC
Dalla taza ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Dalla thalia ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Dalla vista ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 2002)

Genus FREEMANIANA genus created in 2001
Freemaniana rawlinsi ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 2001)

Subfamily HESPERIINAE: GRASS SKIPPERS

This group is comprised of more than 2,000 species worldwide.

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe THYMELICINI

Genus ANCYLOXYPHA
Ancyclxypha aurea ______ EC (either endemic or nearly to Ecuador)
Ancyclxypha ramba ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so Ecuador, species described in 1995)

Genus OARISMA
Oarisma boeta ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe CALPODINI

Genus ALDES
Aldes aegita ______ EC
AEGITA SILVERPATCH
(Range: Panama to Bolivia and Brazil)
Aldes duma (or epitus) ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1970)
Aldes duma argyrina ______
DUMA SILVERPATCH
(Range: Panama to southern Brazil)
Aldes dysoni ______
DYSON'S SILVERPATCH
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Aldes brino ______
BRINO SILVERPATCH
(Range: Colombia to the Guianas and northern Brazil)
Aldes ocrinus ______
OCRINUS SILVERPATCH
(Range: Panama, Colombia, the Guianas)

Genus ARGON
Argon lota (or argua) ______ ARne EC (MM:120)
ARGON SKIPPER
AR common name: Argos
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Genus AROMA
Aroma aroma ______ EC
AROMA SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to northern Brazil and Peru)
Aroma henricus ______ EC
Aroma henricus henricus ______
HENRICUS SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Peru)

Genus CALPODES
Calpodes ethlius ______ EC (K:357) (PE:48) (S:44)
BRAZILIAN SKIPPER (also called the Canna Skipper, as it is common in gardens where Cannas are grown, on which the larva feeds)
(Range: southern US to Argentina, also West Indies)

Genus CARYSTINA genus created in 1955
Carystina lysteles (or aurifer) ______ EC
GOLDEN-SPOTTED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Costa Rica to western Ecuador)

Genus CARYSTOIDES
Carystoides basoches ______ BRse EC
BASOCHES RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Carystoides lebbaeus ______ EC
Carystoides lebbaeus lebbaeus ______ EC
LEBBAEUS RUBY-EYE
(Range: Costa Rica to northwest Ecuador)
Carystoides balza ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Carystoides cathaea ______ EC
Carystoides sicania ______ EC
Carystoides sicania orbius ______ EC
YELLOW-SPOTTED RUBY-EYE
(Range: southern Mexico to the Guianas and Ecuador)
Carystoides lila ______ EC (species described in 1955)
LILA RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Carystoides maroma ______
MAROMA RUBY-EYE
(Range: Panama to the Amazon basin)
Carystoides noseda ______ BRse

Genus CARYSTUS
Carystus periphas ______ EC
Carystus phorcus ______ EC
Carystus phorcus claudianus ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
WHITE-PATCHED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to Argentina and Brazil)
Carystus ploetzi ______
PLOETZ'S RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to central Brazil and Peru)

Genus COBALUS
Cobalus calvina ______ EC
WHITE-RAYED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Brazil)
Cobalus virbius ______ EC
Cobalus virbius virbius ______ EC
Cobalus virbius hersilia ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
WHITE-EDGED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Costa Rica to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Genus DAMAS
Damas clavus ______ EC
VIOLET-WASHED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil)

Genus DUBIELLA
Dubiella fiscella ______
Dubiella fiscella belpa ______
YELLOW-STRIPED RUBY-EYE
(Range: southern Mexico to Ecuador, and Venezuela and the Guianas)

Genus EBUSUS (genus created in 1955)
Ebusus ebusus ______ EC
EBUSUS SKIPPER

Genus LYCHNUCHOIDES
Lychnuchoides ozias ______ EC

Genus LYCHNUCHUS
Lychnuchus pelta ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)

Genus NEOXENIADES
Neoxeniades braesia ______ EC
Neoxeniades irena ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Neoxeniades molion ______ EC
Neoxeniades scipio ______ EC
Neoxeniades seron ______ EC
Neoxeniades seron seron ______
SERON SKIPPER
(Range: Colombia)
Neoxeniades luda ______
LUDA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Genus ORPHE
Orphe gerasa ______ EC
GERASA SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to the Amazon basin and the Guianas)
Ophhe vatinius ______ EC
VATINIUS SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to the Guianas, Brazil, Peru)

Genus PANOQUINA
Panoquina evadnes ______ EC
EVADNES SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Argentina)
Panoquina fusina ______ EC (K:357) (PE:48)
Panoquina fusina sonta ______ in Panama and Colombia, subspecies described in 1955
Panoquina fusina viola ______ in Bolivia, Paraguay, southeast Brazil, subspecies described in 1955
EVANS' SKIPPER
(Range: central Mexico to Paraguay; also Jamaica, periodic stray to far-southern Texas)
Panoquina hecehola ______ EC (EBE:155) (K:355) (PE:48)
HECEBOLUS SKIPPER
(Range: north Mexico to Paraguay; regular stray to far-southern Texas)
Panoquina lucas (or sylvicola, or woodruffi) _______ EC
PURPLE-WASHED SKIPPER
(Range: south Texas to Argentina)
Panoquina luctuosa ______ EC
Panoquina ocola ______ EC (K:355) (PE:48)
OCOLA SKIPPER
(Range: southern US to Paraguay; also West Indies)
Panoquina panoquinoides ______ EC (K:355) (PE:48)
OBSCURE SKIPPER
(Range: southern US to Peru; also West Indies)
Panoquina pauper ______ EC
Panoquina pauper pauper ______
PAUPER SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Genus SACRATOR (genus created in 1955)
Sacrator sacrator (ph) ______

Sacrator sacrator
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Sacrator polites ______ EC

Genus SALIANA (genus created in 1955)
Saliana chiomara ______ EC
CHIOMARA SALIANA
(Range: Panama to Peru and Brazil)
Saliana esperi ______ BRse EC
Saliana esperi esperi ______ BRse EC subspecies in southeast Brazil and Ecuador, described in 1955
PERCHING SALIANA
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil)
Saliana fusta ______ EC (species described in 1955)
SUFFUSED SALIANA
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil)
Saliana saladin ______ EC
Saliana saladin saladin ______ (subspecies described in 1955)
VIOLET-TIPPED SALIANA
(Range: southern Mexico to Peru)
Saliana salius ______ BRse EC
SULLIED SALIANA
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil and Uruguay)
Saliana triangularis ______ BRse
TRIANGULAR SALIANA
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Saliana placens ______
OCHREOUS SALIANA
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)
Saliana hewitsoni ______
GREEN SALIANA
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia)
Saliana antoninus ______
PERSISTANT SALIANA
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil)
Saliana longirostris ______ BRse
SHY SALIANA
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Saliana morsa ______ (species described in 1955)
MORSA SALIANA
(Range: Panama to the Guianas and the Amazon basin)
Saliana severus ______
DARK SALIANA
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Saliana mamurra ______ BRse
Saliana salona ______ BRse (species described in 1955)

Genus SYNALE
Synale elana ______ EC

Genus TALIDES
Talides alternata (ph) ______ EC
ALTERNATE RUBY-EYE
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil)

Alternate Ruby-eye
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Talides sergestus ______ EC
SERGESTUS RUBY-EYE
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil)
Talides cantra ______ EC (species described in 1955)
CANTRA RUBY-EYE
(Range: southern Mexico to Venezuela and western Ecuador)
Talides hispa ______ EC (species described in 1955)
HISPA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to western Ecuador, western Brazil)
Talides sinois ______ BRse

Genus TELLES
Telles arcalaus ______ EC

Genus TELLONA
Tellona variegata ______ EC

Genus THRACIDES
Thracides cleanthes ______ EC
Thracides joannisii ______ EC
JOANNIS' SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Ecuador)
Thracides nanea ______ EC
Thracides nanea nida ______ (subspecies described in 1955)
NANEA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)
Thracides phidon ______ EC
JEWEL-STUDDED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Thracides thrasea ______ EC
THRASEA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to the Amazon basin and Bolivia)
Thracides arcalaus ______
YELLOW-SPOTTED RUBY_EYE
(Range: southern Mexico to the Guianas and the Amazon basin)

Genus TISIAS
Tisias carystoides ______ EC
Tisias lesueur ______ BRse EC
Tisias lesueur lesueur ______ BRse
Tisias quadrata ______ EC
Tisias quadrata hermoda ______ EC
QUADRATE RUBY-EYE
(Range: Panama to Ecuador)

Genus TROMBA genus created in 1955
Tromba xanthura ______ EC
YELLOW-WASHED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Genus TURESIS
Turesis complanula ______ EC

Genus TURMADA (genus created in 1955)
Turmada turmada ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Genus ZENIS
Zenis jebus (or janka) ______ ARne BRse EC
Zenis jebus jebus ______ ARne BRse (MM:131) subspecies in southeast Brazil and northeast Argentina
PURPLE-STAINED SKIPPER
AR; common name: Jebuseo
(Range: Mexico to Peru, and the Guianas and Trinidad)
Zenis minos ______ EC
MINOS SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico, Honduras, Costa Rica, Brazil)

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe ANTHOPTINI

Genus ANTHOPTUS
Anthoptus epictetus ______ ARne BRse EC (MM:105)
TRAILSIDE SKIPPER
AR common name: Epicteto (referring to the scientific name, Epicteto was a Greek philosopher)
(Range: southeast Mexico to Argentina)
Anthoptus insignis ______
IMMACULATE SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Anthoptus maracanae ______
TRINIDADIAN SKIPPER
(Range: Panama, Colombia, Trinidad and Tobago)

Genus SYNAPTE
Synapte malitiosa ______ EC (K:309) (PE:42)
MALICIOUS FACETED-SKIPPER (or Malicious, or Shady Skipper)
(Range: far-southern Texas to southern Brazil & Paraguay, also Cuba)
Synapte salenus ______ EC (PE:text)
Synapte salenus salenus ______ subspecies from Mexico to Colombia
SALENUS FACETED-SKIPPER (or Salenus Skipper)
(Range: north Mexico to Bolivia, rare stray to Texas)
Synapte silius ______ ARne BRse EC (MM:102)
RAIN-FOREST FACETED-SKIPPER (or Orange-edged Skipper)
AR common name: Silius (referring to the scientific name)
(Range: southern Mexico to Argentina)
Synapte lutulenta ______
WHITENED FACETED-SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador)

Genus CORTICEA
Corticea lysias ______ EC
Corticea mendica ______ EC
Corticea rivula ______ EC
Corticea corticea ______ (K:311) (PE:42)
Corticea corticea noctia ______ (MM:106) subspecies in northeast Argentina
REDUNDANT SKIPPER
AR common name: Manchas Amarillas ("Yellow Spots")
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil, rare stray to south Texas)
Corticea immocerina ______ ARba (BB:93)
AR common name: Saltarin de Cera ("Wax Skipper")

Genus FALGA
Falga jeconia ______ EC
Falga theoclea ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Genus MNASEAS
Mnaseas bicolor (or macia) ______ EC (if macia, species described in 1955)
DULL SKIPPER (or Macia Skipper)
(Range: southern Mexico to Ecuador)

Genus WAHYDRA (genus created in 1991)
Wahydra thisbe ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Wahydra dorres ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1959)
Wahydra nieblensis ______ EC (either endemic or nearly to to Ecuador, species described in 1991)
Wahydra obscura ______ EC (either endemic or nearly to Ecuador, species described in 1991)

Genus ZALOMES
Zalomes biforis ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Zalomes conspicua ______ EC
Zalomes banco ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1991)
Zalomes coto ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1991)
Zalomes cordillera ______ EC (species described in 1972)
Zalomes allynorum ______ EC (species described in 1972)
Zalomes naco ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1991)

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe MONCINI

Genus LERODEA
Lerodea eufala (ph) ______ BRse CH EC (EBE:156) (K:353) (PE:39)
Lerodea eufala eufala ______ BRse EC subspecies from the southern US to Argentina
EUFALA SKIPPER
CH common name: Hesperia Eufala
(Range: southern US to southern Argentina, also Cuba. In Chile, from Atacama to Valdivia)

Eufala Skippers feed on nectar from flowering alfalfa and daisies. They occur in open, sunny areas in vacant lots, agricultural fields, road edges, and lawns.

Above & below: the Eufala Skipper
Above, the butterfly; below, the caterpillar
(these three photos courtesy of Michiel Koomen)

Below, again the butterfly of the Eufala Skipper
Lerodea casta ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Lerodea williamsi ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Genus LUDENS
Ludens ludens ______ ARne (MM:109)
LUDENS SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Argentina)

Genus LUCIDA
Lucida lucia ______ EC
Lucida lucia oebasus ______ EC subspecies from Costa Rica to Ecuador
MOTTLED SKIPPER

Genus EUTYCHIDE
Eutychide subcordata ______ EC
Eutychide complana ______
COMPLIANT SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to the upper Amazon and Bolivia)
Eutychide para ______
GOLD-DOT SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Colombia and the upper Amazon)

Genus LENTO (genus created in 1955)
Lento hermione ______ EC
Lento lento ______ EC
Lento ludo ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Lento krexoides ______
Lento krexoides krexoides ______ ARne (MM:103) (subspecies in northeast Argentina)
AR common name: Saltarin Anaranjado ("Orange Skipper")
Lento xanthina ______
XANTHINA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Venezuela)

Genus CALLIMORMUS
Callimormus corades ______ BRse EC
Callimormus juventus ______ EC
JUVENTUS SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Argentina)
Callimormus radiola ______ EC
Callimormus radiola radiola ______ subspecies from southern Mexico to southern Brazil
RADIANT SKIPPER
Callimormus alsimo ______
ALSIMO SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to southern Brazil)
Callimormus saturnus ______
SATURNUS SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Genus MNASICLES
Mnasicles hicetaon ______ EC
GRAY SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay, including Trinidad)
Mnasicles thymaetes ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Genus REMELLA
Remella remus ______ EC
BLACK-SPOT REMELLA
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Remella vopiscus ______
CRYTIC REMELLA
(Range: southeast Mexico to northern Brazil)
Remella remus ______ BRse

Genus SATURNUS
Saturnus reticulata ______ EC
Saturnus reticulata conspicuus ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
BELL'S SKIPPER

Genus SUCOVA
Sucova sucova ______
SUSCOVA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil)

Genus ZARIASPES
Zariaspes mys ______ ARne BRse (MM:104)
MYS SKIPPER (or Spade-marked Under-Skipper)
AR common name: Amarillita ("Small Yellow")
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Genus CYMAENES
Cymaenes tripunctus ______ BRse EC (K:309) (PE:34)
Cymaenes tripunctus tripunctus ______ EC subspecies from southern Mexico to Paraguay and Brazil
Cymaenes tripunctus theogenus ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
THREE-SPOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: central Mexico to Paraguay and Brazil, also south Florida & West Indies)
Cymaenes tripunctata ______ EC
Cymaenes odilia ______ EC (K:309) (PE:34)
FAWN-SPOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: north Mexico to Argentina, rarely strays to south Texas)
Cymaenes alumna ______ EC
ALUMNA SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil)
Cymaenes laureolus ______ EC
LAUREOLUS SKIPPER
(Range: eastern Mexico to Ecuador)
Cymaenes trebius ______
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)
Cymaenes uruba ______ BRse
Cymaenes uruba uruba ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
There is another yet unidentified species of Cymaenes in southeast Brazil.

Genus LEREMA
Lerema accius ______ EC
CLOUDED SKIPPER
(Range: southern US to northern South America)
Lerema ancillaris ______ EC
PLAIN SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica and Trinidad to the upper Amazon)
Lerema viridis ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1942)
Lerema lumina ______
OVERCAST SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Colombia)

Genus VETTIUS
Vettius fantasos ______ EC (PE:text)
FANTASTIC SKIPPER
(Range: northern Mexico to Paraguay, strays to far-southern Texas)
Vettius artona ______ ARne EC
WHITE-VEINED SKIPPER
AR common name: Grisacea (translates to "grayish")
(Range: Nicaragua to southern Brazil)
Vettius coryna (ph) ______ EC (EBE:156)
SILVER-PLATED SKIPPER

Silver-plated Skipper
(photo by Sherry Nelson)
Vettius diversa ______ BRse EC
Vettius diversa maeon ______ subspecies from Nicaragua to Colombia
Vettius diversa lyrcea ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
DIVERSA SKIPPER
Vettius drova ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Vettius fuldai ______ EC
Vettius lefrenaye ______ EC
Vettius lefrenaye pica ______
TWO-TONED SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to the upper Amazon)
Vettius marcus ______ ARse BRse EC
Vettius marcus marcus ______ ARse BRse
MARCUS SKIPPER
AR common name: Marcos
(Range: southern Mexico to Argentina)
Vettius phyllus ______ BRse EC
Vettius phyllus phyllus ______
Vettius phyllus prona ______ BRse in southeast Brazil, subspecies described in 1955
PHYLLUS SKIPPER
(Range: Panama and Trinidad to central Brazil)
Vettius richardi ______
RICHARD'S SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to the Guianas, Ecuador, Brazil)
Vettius triangularis ______ BRse
TRIANGULAR SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Brazil)
Vettius chagres ______
CHAGRES SKIPPER
(Range: Panama and Colombia)
Vettius aurelius ______
AURELIUS SKIPPER
(Range: Guatemala to central Brazil)
Vettius tertianus ______
BLURRY SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to the Guianas and Trinidad)
Vettius umbrata ______ BRse

Genus VIRGA
Virga virginius ______
VIRGINIUS SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to the upper Amazon)
Virga xantho ______ EC
XANTHO SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to Ecuador)
Virga austrinus ______ AR:ne (MM:108)
AR common name: Saltarin Bello (translates to "Beautiful Skipper")

Genus PAPIAS
Papias phaeomelas ______ EC
HUBNER'S SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Ecuador and the upper Amazon)
Papias phainis ______ BRse EC
SOMBER SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Peru and Uruguay)
Papias projectus ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Papias subcostulata (or infuscata) ______ EC
JUNGLE SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Papias dictys ______
BOTTOM-SPOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Genus VEHILIUS
Vehilius inca ______ BRse EC
INCA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina and Brazil)
Vehilius stictomenes ______ ARne BRse EC
Vehilius stictomenes stictomenes ______ ARne BRse (MM:112) subspecies in southeast Brazil and northeast Argentina
PASTURE SKIPPER
AR common name: Nervaduras Amarillas (translates to "Yellow Veins")
Vehilius vetula ______ BRse
VETULA SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to Bolivia and southern Brazil)
Vehilius clavicula ______ BRse
There is another yet unidentified species of Vehilius in southeast Brazil.

Genus VIDIUS
Vidius perigenes ______
PALE-RAYED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Genus MNASILUS
Mnasilus allubita ______ EC
BUTLER'S SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Genus MONCA (genus created in 1955)
Monca telata ______ EC
TELATA SKIPPER
(Range: Belize and Guatemala to Guyana, and Trinidad and Tobago)
Monca crispinus (or tyttaeus) ______
VIOLET-PATCHED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Colombia)

Genus COPAEODES
Copaeodes jean ______ EC (species described in 1955)

Genus MORYS
Morys compta (or micythus) ______ EC
MICYTHUS SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Morys subgrisea ______ EC
Morys subviridis ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Morys geisa ______
GEISA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica and Trinidad to Argentina)

Genus ADLERODEA
Adlerodea petrovna ______
PETROVNA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil)

Genus ARITA (genus created in 1955)
Arita arita ______
ARITA SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Argentina)
Arita epictetus ______ BRse

Genus ARTINES
Artines aepitus ______ EC
WIDESPREAD PEACOCK-SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to southern Brazil)
Artines trogon ______ EC (species described in 1955)

Genus APAUSTUS
Apaustus gracilis ______ EC
Apaustus gracilis gracilis ______ EC subspecies from Nicaragua to Ecuador
DELICATE SKIPPER
Apaustus menes ______ EC
MENES SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to the upper Amazon)
Apaustus radiatus ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)

Genus COBALOPSIS
Cobalopsis autumna ______
AUTUMNA SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to southern Brazil)
Cobalopsis miaba ______ BRse EC
MIABA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Cobalopsis nero (or zetus) ______ EC
NERO SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Genus EUTOCUS
Eutocus gulchua (or facilis) ______ EC
FACILIS SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Boliva)
Eutocus matildae ______
Eutocus matildae vinda ______ subspecies described in 1955
PURPLE-SHADED SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Bolivia and southern Brazil)

Genus EPRIUS
Eprius veleda ______ EC
Eprius veleda veleda ______ EC subspecies from Mexico to Bolivia
VELEDA SKIPPER

Genus FLACCILLA
Flaccilla aecas ______ EC
AECAS RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)

Genus JUSTINIA
Justinia justinianus ______ EC
Justinia phaetusa (or norda) ______ EC (species described in 1955)
FALSE SALIANA
(Range: southeast Mexico to Colombia)
Justinia kora ______ ARne (MM:116)
AR common name: Kora

Genus METHIONOPSIS
Methionopsis ina ______ BRse EC
INA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Methionopsis dolor ______ (species described in 1955)
DOLOR SKIPPER
(Range: Belize and Guatemala to Guyana and Peru)

Genus MNASITHEUS
Mnasitheus chrysophrys ______
CHRYSOPHRYS SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Mnasitheus continua ______ EC (species described in 1955)
Mnasitheus nitra ______ EC (species described in 1955)
NITRA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Mnasitheus simplicissima ______ EC
Mnasitheus spangla ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Mnasitheus cephoides ______
CEPHOIDES SKIPPER
(Range: Belize to southern Brazil)
Mnasitheus ritans ______ BRse

Genus MNESTHEUS
Mnestheus damma ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Mnestheus ittona ______ EC
ITTONA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Bolivia)

Genus MOERIS
Moeris ekka ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Moeris hyagnis ______ EC
HYAGNIS SKIPPER
Moeris striga ______ BRse EC
Moeris striga stroma ______ subspecies from Mexico to Colombia, subspecies described in 1955
Moeris striga striga ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
FLAG SKIPPER

Genus MUCIA
Mucia zygia ______
BLACK-DOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Mucia gulala ______
GULALA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Bolivia and southern Brazil)

Genus NAEVOLUS
Naevolus orius ______ BRse EC
Naevolus orius orius ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
ORIUS SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)

Genus NASTRA (genus created in 1955)
Nastra leucone ______ EC

Genus ONOPHAS
Onophas columbaria ______ BRse EC
Onophas columbaria columbaria ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
BLUE-GLOSSED SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Bolivia and southern Brazil)

Genus PAMBA (genus created in 1955)
Pamba pamba ______ EC (species described in 1955)

Genus PARACARYSTYS
Paracarystys hypargyra ______ ARne EC (MM:115)
HYPARGYRA SKIPPER
AR common name: Hombro Naranja (translates to "Orange Shoulder")
(Range: southeast Mexico to Argentina and southern Brazil)
Paracarystys menestries ______ EC

Genus PHANES
Phanes abaris ______ EC
Phanes aletes ______ BRse
JEWELED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Phanes almoda ______
ALMODA SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to southern Brazil)

Genus PSORALIS
Psoralis brunnescens ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Psoralis concolor ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1980)
Psoralis degener ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Psoralis exclamationis ______ EC
Psoralis stacara ______ BRse

Genus THARGELLA
Thargella caura ______ EC
Thargella caura caura ______
ROUND-WINGED SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Bolivia and central Brazil)

Genus THOON
Thoon maritza ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1980)
Thoon modius ______
MOODY SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to the upper Amazon and Bolivia)
Thoon aethus ______
DISJUNCT SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua and Bolivia)
Thoon opus ______
OPUS SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua, Guyana)

Genus TIGASIS
Tigasis coda ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Tigasis simplex ______ EC
SIMPLEX SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Tigasis zalates ______
ZALATES SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Ecuador)

Genus NICONIADES
Niconiades caesa ______ EC
Niconiades merenda ______ EC
Niconiades tino ______ EC (either endemic or nearly to Ecuador, species described in 1980)
Niconiades viridis ______ EC
Niconiades viridia vista ______ EC
VISTA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Ecuador)
Niconiades xanthaphes ______ EC
STUB-TAILED SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Uruguay)
Niconiades nikko ______ (species described in 1948)
NIKKO SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Genus PENICULA (genus created in 1955)
Penicula advena ______ EC

Genus SODALIA (genus created in 1955)
Sodalia sodalis ______ EC
SODALIS SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to southern Brazil)
Sodalia dimassa ______ BRse
Sodalia coler ______ ARne (MM:110)
AR common name: Saltarin Pardo (translates to "Brown Skipper")

Genus VINIUS
Vinius sagitta ______ EC
SAGITTA SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to the upper Amazon)
Vinius tryhana ______ EC
Vinius tryhana tryhana ______ subspecies from Mexico to Costa Rica, and Guyana, Trinidad
GOLD-WASHED SKIPPER
Vinius pulcherrimus ______ ARne (MM:107)
AR common name: Saltarin Bello (translates to "Beautiful Skipper")

Genus DION
Dion carmenta ______ EC

Genus ENOSIS
Enosis achelous ______ EC
FERRUGINOUS SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Ecuador)
Enosis aphilos ______ EC
Enosis dognini ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Enosis immaculata ______ EC
Enosis immaculata immaculata ______ EC
IMMACULATA SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Peru)
Enosis topo ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1980)
Enosis uza ______
Enosis uza pruinosa ______
BLUE-SPOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: El Salvador to Colombia)
Enosis schausi ______ BRse (species described in 2000)

Genus STYRIODES
Styriodes dedecora (or quaka) ______ EC
DEDECORA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Ecuador)
Styriodes lyco ______
LYCO SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)

Genus CANTHA (genus created in 1955)
Cantha calva ______ EC (species described in 1955)
Cantha roraimae ______
RORAIMA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico and Belize to northern Brazil)

Genus PARPHORUS
Parphorus decora ______ EC
DECORA SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to southern Brazil)
Parphorus hesia ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Parphorus storax ______ EC
Parphorus storax storax ______ EC
STORAX SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to southern Brazil)
Parphorus oca ______ (species described in 1955)
OCA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Peru)
Parphorus sapala ______
SAPALA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to Peru)
Parphorus jaguar ______ (species described in 2008)
STEINHAUSER'S SKIPPER
(Range: Guyana)

Genus PHERAEUS
Pheraeus odilia ______ EC
Pheraeus odilla epidius ______ subspecies from Nicaragua to Colombia
SNAZZY SKIPPER
Pheraeus rumba ______ EC (species described in 1955)

Genus PHLEBODES
Phlebodes campo ______ EC (species described in 1947)
Phlebodes campo sifax ______ subspecies described in 1955
SIFAX SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to the Amazon basin)
Phlebodes eteocla ______
ETEOCLA SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Argentina)

Genus PROPAPIAS
Propapias sipariana ______ EC

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Tribe HESPERIINI

Genus HANSA (genus created in 1955)
Hansa cotunda ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1980)
Hansa devergens ______ EC

Genus EUPHYES
Euphyes peneia ______ EC
GUARDPOST SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Brazil)
Euphyes antra ______ EC (species described in 1955)
ANTRA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Peru)

Genus RHINTHON
Rhinthon osca ______ (PE:text)
OSCA SKIPPER
(Range: northern Mexico to northern South America, also West Indies, periodically strays to far-southern Texas)
Rhinthon molion ______ EC
BLUE-BASED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)

Genus CONGA (genus created in 1955)
Conga chydaea ______ EC (K:311) (PE:text)
HIDDEN-RAY SKIPPER (or Chydea) Skipper
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, rare stray to far-southern Texas)

Genus HYLEPHILA: BRANDED SKIPPERS
Hylephila phyleus (ph) ______ EC (EBE:156) (K:303) (PE:44)
Hylephila phyleus phyleus ______ ARne BRse (MM:126) subspecies in southeast Brazil and northeast Argentina
FIERY SKIPPER
AR common name: Saltarin Leonado
(Range: southern US to Argentina, wanders north in US)

Fiery Skipper
(photo by Rise Hill)
Hylephila fasciolata ______ CH
CH common name: Hesperia del Pasto
(Range: in Chile, from Atacama to Magallanes)
Hylephila signata ______ CH
CH common name: Hesperia Amarilla Comun
(Range: in Chile, from Atacama to Magallanes)
Hylephila venusta ______ CH
CH common name: Hesperia Elegante
(Range: in Chile, from Nuble to Aisen)

Genus POMPEIUS
Pompeius amblyspila ______ BRse EC
AMBLYSPILA SKIPPER
(Range: Colombia to Argentina)
Pompeius dares ______ EC
DARES SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Pompeius pompeius ______ BRse EC
POMPEIUS SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Genus POANES
Poanes inimica ______
YELLOW-STAINED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Venezuela)

Genus POLITES
Polites vibex ______ EC (EBE:156) (K:303) (PE:44)
Polites vibex praecepa ______ EC subspecies from Texas and Mexico to Ecuador, Venezuela, and Trinidad
Polites vibex catilina ______ ARne BRse (MM:127) subspecies in southeast Brazil and northeast Argentina
WHIRLABOUT
AR common name: Saltarin Dorado
(Range: southeast US to Argentina, also West Indies)

Genus ANATRYTONE
Anatrytone barbara ______ EC
Anatrytone mella ______ EC
MELLA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Peru)
Anatrytone sarah ______ EC (species described in 1994)

Genus DECINEA (genus created in 1955)
Decinea dama ______ BRse EC
Decinea decinea ______ EC
Decinea decinea derisor ______ subspecies from Costa Rica to the Amazon basin
HUASTECAN SKIPPER
Decinea neroides ______ EC
Decinea percosius _____
DOUBLE-DOTTED SKIPPER
(Range: Texas and Mexico to Guyana)
Decinea lucifer ______
LUCIFER SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Decinea mubevensis ______ ARne (MM:125)
AR common name: Perforada (translates to "perforated", referring to the hyaline spots on the forewing)

Genus AROTIS
Arotis pandora ______ EC

Genus CYNEA
Cynea anthracinus ______ EC
Cynea anthracinus holomelas ______ EC subspecies from Costa Rica to Peru and the Guianas
ANTHRACINUS SKIPPER
Cynea cynea ______ EC
CYNEA SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to Brazil)
Cynea diluta ______ BRse EC
DILUTED SKIPPER
(Range: southern Mexico to southern Brazil)
Cynea hycsos ______ EC
Cynea irma ______ EC
FOGGED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to southern Brazil)
Cynea corisana ______
CORISANA SKIPPER
(Range: Nicaragua to Venezuela)
Cynea popla ______ (species described in 1955)
POPLA SKIPPER
(Range: Panama to the Guianas, and Trinidad)
Cynea megalops ______ EC
MEGALOPS SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Ecuador)
Cynea bistrigula ______ BRse
Cynea trimaculata ______ BRse

Genus LINDRA
Lindra brasus ______
Lindra brasus brasus ______ in Brazil, subspecies described in 1968
BRASUS SKIPPER

Genus LINKA (genus created in 1955)
Linka lina ______ EC

Genus METRON
Metron chrysogastra ______ EC
Metron chrysogasta chrysogasta ______ subspecies from Mexico to Venezuela, and Trinidad
ORANGE-HEADED METRON
Metron leucogaster ______ EC
Metron leucogaster leucogaster ______ subspecies in Panama and Colombia
WHITENED METRON
Metron schrottkyi ______ EC
Metron zimra (or fasciata) ______ EC
OLIVE METRON
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Genus MOLO
Molo calcarea ______ EC
Molo calcarea ponda ______ from Costa Rica to Colombia, subspecies described in 1955
PONDA SKIPPER
Molo mango ______ EC
MANGO SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to central Brazil)
Molo visendus ______ EC
Molo muzo ______ (species described in 1955)
MUZO SKIPPER
(Range: Costa Rica to Colombia)

Genus ORTHOS (genus created in 1955)
Orthos orthos ______ EC
Orthos orthos orthos ______ subspecies in Ecuador, Peru, and Trinidad
ORTHOS SKIPPER

Genus OXYNTHES
Oxynthes corusca ______ EC (EBE:157)
CORUSCA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil)

Genus PARATRYTONE
Paratrytone barroni ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)

Genus PHEMIADES
Phemiades pohli ______ EC

Genus PROPERTIUS (genus created in 1955)
Propertius propertius ______ EC
Propertius phineus ______ EC

Genus QUASIMELLANA (genus created in 1994)
Quasimellana eulogius ______ EC
COMMON MELLANA
(Range: south Texas and Mexico to Brazil)
Quasimellana sethos ______ EC
SMALL MELLANA
(Range: Panama to Ecuador)
Quasimellana servilius (or verba) ______ EC
GREEN MELLANA
(Range: Mexico to Brazil)
Quasimellana inconspicua ______ EC (species described in 1950)
Quasimellana angra ______ EC (species described in 1955)
Quasimellana amicus ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Quadimellana imperfida ______ EC (species described in 1994)
Quadimellana pandora ______ EC (species described in 1940)
Quadimellana nayana ______ (species described in 1941)
NAYARIT MELLANA

Genus QUINTA (genus created in 1955)
Quinta cannae ______ EC
CANNA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Genus RACTA (genus created in 1955)
Racta apella ______ EC
Racta apella apella ______ subspecies Costa Rica to Ecuador
APELLA SKIPPER
Racta dalla ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Racta plasma ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)

Genus SERDIS
Serdis statius _____ EC
Serdis venezuelae ______ EC
Serdis viridicans ______ EC

Genus TIRYNTHIA
Tirynthia conflua ______ EC
CONFLUA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Genus TIRYNTHOIDES (genus created in 1940)

(genus created in 1940)
Tirynthoides virilis ______ EC

Genus VACERRA
Vacerra bonfilius ______ EC
Vacerra caniola ______ EC
Vacerra caniola caniola ______ subspecies from Guatemala to Venezuela
CANIOLA SKIPPER
Vacerra hermesia ______ EC
Vacerra molla ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1959)
Vacerra litana ______
LITANA SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to the Guianas)
Vacerra evansi ______ ARne (MM:129)
AR common name: Saltarin de Evans ("Evans' Skipper")

Genus WALLENGRENIA
Wallengrenia otho ______ EC (K:327) (PE:45)
Wallengrenia otho clavus (or W. curassavica) ______ subspecies from Texas to Peru, and the Guianas and Trinidad
(SOUTHERN) BROKEN DASH
(Range: southeast US to Argentina, also West Indies)
Wallengrenia premnas ______ EC

Genus XENIADES
Xeniades orchamus ______ BRse
Xeniades orchamus orchamus ______ BRse subspecies from Mexico to Argentina and Brazil
SMEAR-SPOTTED SKIPPER
AR common name: Orchamus
Xeniades chalestra ______ BRse
Xeniades chalastra pteras ______ subspecies from Mexico to Venezuela
Xeniades chalestra chalestra ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
BAND-SPOTTED SKIPPER

Genus ATALOPEDES
Atalopedes campestris (ph) ______ EC (K:303) (PE:46)
Atalopedes campestris huron ______ EC subspecies from the US and Mexico to Ecuador, Brazil
SACHEM
(Range: southern US to Brazil)

Genus MELLANA
Mellana eulogius ______ (PE:46)
EULOGIUS SKIPPER
(Range: north Mexico to Paraguay, periodically strays to far-south Texas)

Genus NYCTELIUS

Nyctelius nyctelius ______ EC (K:357) (P:48)
VIOLET-BANDED SKIPPER (or Nyctelius Skipper)
(Range: Mexico to Argentina, also West Indies; periodic stray to south Texas)

Genus THESPIEUS
Thespieus dalman ______ EC
CHALK-MARKED SKIPPER
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)
Thespieus fulvangula ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador)
Thespieus opigena ______ EC
Thespieus othna ______ EC
Thespieus othna tinka ______ EC in Panama and Colombia, subspecies described in 1955
OTHNA SKIPPER
Thespieus tapayuna ______ EC
Thespieus tihoneta ______ EC

Thespieus macareus ______ (K:357) (P:48)
CHESTNUT-MARKED SKIPPER (or Variegated Skipper)
(Range: central Mexico to Venezuela, occasional stray to far-southern Texas)
Thespieus aspernatus ______
ASPERNATUS SKIPPER
(Range: southeast Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)

Subfamily HESPERIINAE, Miscellaneous taxa

Genus ALERA
Alera haworthiana ______ EC
GREEN-BANDED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Panama to southern Brazil)
Alera vulpina ______ EC (EBE:157)

Genus LYCAS
Lycas argentea ______ ARne BRse (MM:124)
SILVERED RUBY-EYE
AR common name: Saltarin Plateado (translates to "Silvery Skipper")
(Range: Mexico to Argentina)

Genus ORSES
Orses cynisca ______ EC
YELLOW-EDGED RUBY-EYE
(Range: Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Orses itea ______ BRse

Genus PERICHARES
Perichares philetes ______ BRse EC (EBE:157) (K:357) (PE:text)
Perichares philetes adela ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
Perichares philetes aurina ______ BRse subspecies in southeast Brazil
GREEN-BACKED RUBY-EYE (or Skipper)
(Range: north Mexico to Paraguay, also West Indies, and strays to far-southern Texas)
Perichares chima ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Perichares deceptus ______ EC
Perichares lotus ______ ARne EC (MM:123)
LOTUS RUBY-EYE
AR common name: Ojos Rojos (translates to "Red Eyes")
(Range: southern Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil)
Perichares matha ______ EC (either endemic or nearly so to Ecuador, species described in 1955)
Perichares seneca ______
Perichares seneca seneca ______ ARse BRse (MM:122) subspecies in southeast Brazil and northeast Argentina
SENECA RUBY-EYE
AR common name: Seneca

Genus PYRRHOPYGOPSIS
Pyrrhopygopsis agaricon ______ EC
AGARICON SKIPPER
(Range: eastern Costa Rica, Colombia)
Pyrrhopygopsis romula ______ EC
Pyrrhopygopsis socrates ______ ARne EC (EBE:157)
Pyrrhopygopsis socrates socrates ______ ARne (MM:139) subspecies in northeast Argentina
AR common name: Socrates

To Top of Page.