Amphibians  
and Reptiles 
of 
Texas
 

Noting those during 
Focus On Nature Tours
with an (*)

including: 
Salamanders
Toads & Frogs (seen or heard) 
Turtles
Skinks, Anoles, and other Lizards
Snakes

A List of Amphibians & Reptiles of Texas
compiled by Armas Hill


UPPER RIGHT PHOTO: a LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLE photographed during a FONT tour 
(Photo by Alan Brady)


Codes:

C:  in central Texas     E:  in east Texas     W: in west Texas

(ph):  species with a photo in the FONT website 


These classifications by the ICUN (international Union for Conservation of Nature)
of Threatened & Near-threatened Species:
(t1)  critically endangered
(t2)  endangered
(t3)  vulnerable
(nt)  near-threatened  

Excellent recordings of the sounds of frogs and toads are in the audio CD of "The Calls of Frogs and Toads", by Lang Elliott, 2004.
In this list, numbers noted as (LE:xx) refer to that of the particular frog or toad in the CD. Recordings on the disk referred to here were by Lang Elliott, Carl Gerhardt, Ted Mack, Bill Turcotte, and Tom Johnson.    


Links to Groupings in this List:

AMPHIBIANS    Frogs & Toads   Salamanders

REPTILES     Crocodile & Alligator     Turtles    Lizards     Snakes 

Other Links: 

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in North America, including Texas

A List & Photo Gallery of North American Birds, in 6 parts 

A List & Photo Gallery of Texas Birds, in 2 parts  

Other Lists, with some photos, of Texas nature:
Mammals    Butterflies    Dragonflies & Damselflies

Marine Life (including fish, corals, jellyfish, mollusks (shells), & arthropods: crustaceans & echinoderms)

A Directory of Photos in this Website

          Amphibians:

        FROGS & TOADS

           Family RANIDAE
   

1. Bronze Frog  ______   
   Rana clamitans clamitans  
   
   
2. American Bullfrog  (ph)  ______  (LE:1)
   Rana catesbeiana 
   
   The American Bullfrog is heard in Texas from late winter to autumn. It avoids temporary bodies of water.  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   Two photographs of Bullfrogs
   (upper photo courtesy of Doris Potter;
    lower photo during a FONT tour) 
   
   
3. Pig Frog  ______  (LE:2)  in far-eastern Texas  
   Rana grylio 
   
   The Pig Frog is usually heard in offshore vegetation, sometimes while floating in the water. Large choruses produce a steady roar. Heard from April to August.   
   
   
4. Pickerel Frog  (ph)  ______  (LE:11)  in eastern Texas  
   Rana palustris
   
   The Pickerel Frog breeds in lakes, ponds, streams, springs, and in pools at entrances to caves. It also occurs grassy areas away from water. Males sometimes call while submerged. 
   
   
   
   Pickerel Frog
   (photo by Marie Gardner)
   
   
5. Southern Leopard Frog  ______  (LE:9)  in eastern Texas 
   Rana sphenocephala
   
   The Southern Leopard Frog often wanders away from water into grassy and weedy places. It may be heard throughout the year in Texas.
   
   
6. Plains Leopard Frog  ______  (LE:8)
   Rana blairi
   
   
7. Rio Grande Leopard Frog  ______
   Rana berlandieri
   
   
8. Crawfish Frog (*) ______  (LE:13)    
   Rana a. areolata
   
   The Crawfish Frog favors moist prairies, pastures, and meadows, where it takes shelter during the day in crawfish burrows, or the burrows of other animals. 
   
   
   Family HYLIDAE
   
   
9. Spring Peeper   ______  (LE:23)  grows to about one and a half inches in length
   Pseudacris crucifer  
   
   The Spring Peeper breeds in Texas from winter to spring, in pools, ditches, and ponds. Not often seen outside the breeding season when it looks for insects in trees and shrubs, and on the ground.
   Pseudacris crucifer has a "rain call" given periodically in the summer and autumn, from trees and shrubs, that is a repeated series of peeps or squeaks that are harsher and more dissonant than its call in the spring, hence the name "Autumn Piper".    
   
   
10. Upland Chorus Frog  ______  (LE:27)   (subspecies of the Western Chorus Frog)
    Pseudacris triseriata feriarum
    
    
11. Spotted Chorus Frog  ______  
    Pseudacris clarkii
    
    
12. Strecker's Chorus Frog   ______   (LE:25)
    Pseudacris streckeri
    
    The Strecker's Chorus Frog breeds in ponds, pools, and ditches, from winter into spring, during or after rains.
    
    
13. Green Treefrog   ______  (LE:15)
    Hyla cinerea
    
    Other names for Hyla cinerea are "Cowbell Frog" and "Rain Frog".
    The first name is because at a distance the call can sound bell-like.
    The second name is because huge choruses erupt after warm rains.
    
    The Green Treefrog breeds in swamps, marshes, and ponds.   
    
    
14. Squirrel Treefrog  ______  (LE:18)
    Hyla squirrela
    
    The Squirrel Treefrog sometimes feeds in trees, but it is also found on the ground near decaying stumps or logs.
    It breeds in temporary ponds and ditches. 
    
    
15. Gray Treefrog   ______  (LE:20)
    Hyla versicolor 
    
    
16. Canyon Treefrog  ______
    Hyla arenicolor
    
    
17. Mexican Treefrog  ______
    Smilisca baudinii
    
    
18. Northern Cricket Frog   ______  (LE:31)   grows to about one and a half inches in length
    Acris crepitans crepitans
    Acris crepitans blanchardi  ______  Blanchard's Cricket Frog .
    
    The Northern Cricket Frog calls from open or grassy edges of ponds, lakes, creeks, and swampy areas.
    
    
    Family LEPTODACTYLIDAE
    
    
19. White-lipped Frog  ______  
    Leptodactylus labialis
    
    
20. Eastern Barking Frog  ______
    Eleutherodactylus augusti latrans
    
    
21. Cliff Chirping Frog  ______
    Syrrhophus marnockii
    
    
22. Spotted Chirping Frog  ______
    Syrrhophus guttilatus
    
    
23. Rio Grande Chirping Frog  ______
    Syrrhophus cystignathoides campi 
    
    
    Family BUFONIDAE 
    
    
24. (Dwarf) American Toad  (ph) (*)  ______    
    Bufo americanus charlesmithi
    
    
    
    American Toad
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
25. Houston Toad  ______  
    Bufo houstonensis
    
    
26. Woodhouse's Toad   ______ 
    Bufo woodhousei  
    Bufo woodhousei australis   Southwestern Woodhouse's Toad  ______   
    
    
27. Gulf Coast Toad  (ph)  ______  (LE:35)   grows to about 5 inches in length
    Bufo valliceps valliceps 
    
    The Gulf Coast Toad occurs in Central America and eastern Mexico north into Texas, southern Louisiana, and southern Mississippi, with isolated populations north into Arkansas.
    It is found in variety of habitats from urban areas to coastal beaches and prairies. It is the largest native toad in the US, but see the Giant Toad (below, in this list).   
    
    The Gulf Coast Toad breeds in Texas from March through September in ponds, lakes, and roadside ditches. 
    
    
    
    A Gulf Coast Toad during a FONT tour
    (photo by Peter Mooney)
    
    
28. Great Plains Toad  ______  (LE:37)
    Bufo cognatus
    
    Bufo connatus is the common toad of grasslands and dry prairie. It burrows for protection from heat and dryness.
    Its call can be from a great distance. At close range, it can deafening.
    
    The Great Plains Toad breeds from spring into the summer in rivers, ponds, ditches, and flooded areas. 
    
    
29. Texas Toad  ______
    Bufo speciosus
    
    
30. Red-spotted Toad  ______
    Bufo punctatus
    
    
31. Green Toad
    Bufo debilis debilis  Eastern Green Toad  ______
    Bufo debilis insidior  Western Green Toad  ______
    
    
32. Giant Toad (or Marine Toad)  ______   (not native to North America) 
    Bufo marinus
    
    Bufo marinus occurs in extreme southern Texas. It can grow up to 9 inches in length, or more.
    
    
    Family PELOBATIDAE
    
    
33. Hurter's Spadefoot Toad   ______  (LE:39)  
    Scaphiopus hurterii  
    
    The Hurter's Spadefoot Toad was considered a subspecies of the Eastern Spadefoot Toad, Scaphiopus holbrooki.
    
    Scaphiopus hurterii occurs in parts of Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Arkansas. It breeds in temporary pools caused by heavy rains, and it can be heard in Texas anytime during the year.
    
    
34. Couch's Spadefoot Toad  ______
    Scaphiopus couchii
    
    
35. Plains Spadefoot Toad  ______  (LE:40)
    Scaphiopus bombifrons
    
    The Plains Spadefoot Toad is found mostly north of Texas, in the Great Plains. Its primary advertisement call is a snore-like call, repeated once every one to two seconds.   
    
    
36. New Mexico Spadefoot Toad  ______
    Scaphiopus multiplicatus
    
    
    Family MICROHYLIDAE
    
    
37. Eastern Narrowmouth Toad  ______  (LE:41)
    Gastrophryne carolinensis
    
    The Eastern Narrowmouth Toad is found in variety of habitats, but in its habits it is secretive.
    It breeds in ponds, lakes, pools, and ditches.
    
    
38. Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad  ______  (LE:42)
    Gastrophryne olivacea
    
    The Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad hides beneath objects or in burrows where it feeds on ants and other insects.
    It breeds from spring to autumn after heavy rains. 
    
    
39. Sheep Frog  ______
    Hypopachus variolosus
    
    
    SALAMANDERS
    
    
    Family SIRENIDAE 
    
    
40. Lesser Siren ______  
    Siren intermedia nettingi   Western Lesser Siren  ______  (in east Texas)
    Siren intermedia texana   Rio Grande Lesser Siren  ______  (in south Texas) 
    
    
    Family AMBYSTOMATIDAE
    
    
41. Spotted Salamander   ______   (in far-east Texas)
    Ambystoma maculatum
    
    
42. Marbled Salamander   ______  (in far-east Texas)
    Ambystoma opacum
    
    
43. Mole Salamander  ______  (in far-east Texas)
    Ambystoma talpoideum
    
    
44. Tiger Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma tigrinum tigrinum  Eastern Salamander  ______
    Ambystoma tigrinum mavortium  Barred Tiger Salamander  ______  
    
    
    Family PLETHODONTIDAE
    
    
45. Southern Dusky Salamander  ______   (in east Texas)
    Desmognathus auriculatus 
    
    
46. Dwarf Salamander  ______  (in east Texas) 
    Eurycea quadridigitata
    
    
47. San Marcos Salamander  ______
    Eurycea nana
    
    
48. Texas Salamander  ______
    Eurycea neotenes
    
    
49. Comal Blind Salamander  ______
    Eurycea tridentifera
    
    
50. Texas Blind Salamander  ______
    Typhlomolge rathbuni
    
    
51. Blanco Blind Salamander  ______
    Typhlomolge robusta    
    
    
52. Western Slimy Salamander  ______ 
    Plethodon albagula
    
    
    Family SALAMANDRIDAE
    
    
53. Central Newt  ______   (a subspecies of the Red-spotted Newt) 
    Notophthalmus viridescens louisianensis
    
    
54. Black-spotted Newt  ______
    Notophthalmus meridionalis meridionalis 
    
    
    
    Reptiles:
    
    
    ALLIGATOR
    
    
    Family ALLIGATORIDAE
    
    
55. American Alligator  (ph) (*)  ______  
    Alligator mississippiensis
    
     
    
    An American Alligator
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
    
    Two photographs of the American Alligator during a FONT Tour in Texas
    (photos by Karl Frafjord)
    
    
    
    
    
    TURTLES
    
    
    Family CHELYDRIDAE
    
    
56. Snapping Turtle  (ph) (*)  ______ 
    Chleydra serpentina
    
    
    
    Snapping Turtle
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
57. Alligator Snapping Turtle  ______  (in east Texas)  
    Macroclemys temminckii
    
    
    Family KINOSTERNIDAE
    
    
58. Mississippi Mud Turtle  ______ 
    Kinosternon subrubum hippocrepis
    
    
59. Yellow Mud Turtle  ______
    Kinosternon flavescens
    
    
60. Big Bend Mud Turtle  ______
    Kinosternon hiripes murrayi     
    
    
61. Eastern (or Common) Musk Turtle  (*)  ______   (has been called Stinkpot) 
    Sternotherus odoratus
    
    
62. Razorbaack  Musk Turtle  ______
    Sternotherus carinatus
    
    
63. Stripeneck Musk Turtle  ______
    Sternotherus minor pelifer
    
    
    Family EMYDIDAE
    
    
64. River Cooter   ______  
    Chrysemys concinna metteri  Missouri River Cooter  ______  (in east Texas)
    Chrysemys concinna gorzugi  Rio Grande River Cooter  ______  (in south & west Texas)
    
    
65. Texas River Cooter  (ph) (*)  ______  
    Pseudemys texana
    
    
    
    Texas River Cooters photographed during a FONT tour in Texas
    (photo by Karl Frafjord)
    
    
66. (Three-toed) Box Turtle  (ph) (*)  ______ 
    Terrapene carolina triunguis
    
    
    
    Box Turtle
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
67. Ornate Box Turtle  ______
    Terrapene ornata ornata  ______
    Terrapene ornata luteola  ______  (in west Texas)
    
    
68. (Southern) Painted Turtle  (ph)  ______  (an isolated colony in central Texas)
    Chrysemys picta dorsalis
    
    
    
    Painted Turtles
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
69. Red-eared Slider  (ph) (*)  ______ 
    Trachemys scripta elegans
    
    In Trachemys scripta, the reddish stripe behind the eye is unique among North American turtles, but not all Red-ears have it. Rarely the red is replaced by yellow.
    
    
    
    A Red-eared Slider photographed during a FONT Texas Tour.
    This turtle was crossing a road west of Austin.
    It's hard to see the red line behind the eye, but it's there.
    (photo by Karl Frafjord) 
    
    
70. Big Bend Slider  ______
    Trachemys gaigeae
    
    
71. Mississippi Map Turtle  ______
    Graptemys kohnii
    
    
72. Sabine Map Turtle  ______  (a subspecies of the False Map Turtle)  (in far-eastern Texas)
    Graptemys pseudogeographica sabinensis
    
    
73. Texas Map Turtle  ______
    Graptemys versa
    
    
74. Cagle's Map Turtle  ______  
    Graptemys caglei
    
    
75. Western Chicken Turtle  ______  
    Deirochelys reticularia miaria
    
    
76. (Texas) Diamondback Terrapin  (ph) (*)  ______ 
    Malaclemys terrapin littoralis
    
    
    
    Diamondback Terrapin
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
    
    
    Family TESTUDINIDAE
    
    
77. Texas Tortoise  ______  
    Gopherus berlandieri
    
    
    Families DERMOCHELYIDAE and CHELONIIDAE
    
    An excellent book, filled with good information about Sea Turtles, and interesting reading, is "Voyage of the Turtle - in Pursuit of the Earth's Last Dinosaur", by Carl Safina, published in 2007. 
    
    
78. Leatherback (Sea Turtle)  (t1) (*)  ______  (offshore in the Gulf of Mexico)
    Dermochelys coriacea
    
    
79. Loggerhead (Sea Turtle)  (t2) (ph) (*) ______   (offshore in the Gulf of Mexico)
    Caretta caretta
    
    
    
    Loggerhead Sea Turtle 
    (photographed by Alan Brady during a FONT tour)
      
    
80. Green (Sea) Turtle  (t2) (ph)  ______  (offshore in the Gulf of Mexico) 
    Chelonia mydas
    
    
81. Atlantic Hawksbill  (t1)  ______  (offshore in the Gulf of Mexico)
    Eretmochelys imbricata imbricata
    
    
82. Kemp's Ridley  (t1)  ______
    Lepidochelys kempii
    
    The Kemp's Ridley is globally the most endangered of the sea turtles, but it is the species most commonly found in the Texan waters of the Gulf of Mexico.
    
    The primary nesting area for the species is in the Mexican state of Tampaulipas, where Rancho Nuevo has been the only known major nesting beach for the species in the world.
    A secondary nesting population has been established at the Padre Island National Seashore in Texas.  
    
    
    Family TRIONYCHIDAE
    
    
83. Midland Smooth Softshell  ______
    Apalone m. mutica 
    
    
84. Spiny Softshell  (ph) (*)  ______
    Apalone spinifera pallida  Pallid Spiny Softshell  ______   
    Apalone spinifera emoryi  Texas Spiny Softshell  ______  
    
    
    
    A Texas Spiny Softshell photographed during a FONT tour in Texas
    (photo by Karl Frafjord)
    
    
    LIZARDS
    
    
    Family GEKKONIDAE and EUBLEPHARIDAE
    
    
85. Roughtail Gecko  (i)  ______
    Cyrtopodion scabrum
    
    
86. Mediterranean Gecko  (i)  ______
    Hemidactylus turcicus turcicus
    
    
    Family POLYCHRIDAE
    
    
87. Carolina Anole  (*)  ______   (has been called Green Anole)
    Anolis carolinensis
    
    
    Family IGUANIDAE
    
    
88. Spinytail Iguana  (i)  ______  
    Ctenosaura pectinata
    
    
    Family CROTAPHYTIDAE
    
    
89. Collared Lizard  ______
    Crotaphytus collaris collaris  Eastern Collared Lizard  ______
    Crotaphytus collaris baileyi  Western Collared Lizard  ______
    Crotaphytus collaris fuscus  Chihuahuan Collared Lizard  ______
    
    
90. Reticulate Collared Lizard  ______
    Crotaphytus reticulatus 
    
    
91. Longnose Leopard Lizard  ______
    Gambelia wislizenii wislizenii
    
    
    Family PHRYNOSOMATIDAE
    
    
92. Greater Earless Lizard  ______
    Cophosaurus t. texanus  Texas Earless Lizard  ______
    Cophosaurus texanusscitulus  Southwestern Earless Lizard  ______  (in west Texas)
    
    
    
    
    A Greater Earless Lizard photographed during a FONT tour
    
    
93. Earless Lizard  ______
    Holbrookia maculata maculata  Northern Earless Lizard  ______  (in north Texas)
    Holbrookia maculata perspicus  Eastern Earless Lizard  ______ (in north-central Texas)
    Holbrookia maculata approximans  Speckled Earless Lizard  ______  (in west Texas)
    
    
94. Spot-tailed Earless Lizard  ______
    Holbrookia lacerata subcaudalis  Southern Earless Lizard  ______
    Holbrookia l. lacerata  Plateau Earless Lizard  ______  (northwestward from the Edwards Plateau)
    
    
95. Keeled Earless Lizard  ______
    Holbrookia p. propinqua 
    
    
96. Rosebelly Lizard  ______
    Sceloporus variabilis marmotatus
    
    
97. Mesquite Lizard  ______
    Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus
    
    
98. Crevice Spiny Lizard  ______
    Sceloporus poinsettii poinsettii
    
    
99. Blue Spiny Lizard  ______
    Sceloporus serrifer cyanogenys
    
    
100. Twin-spotted (or Desert) Spiny Lizard  ______  (in west Texas)
     Sceloporus magister bimaculosus
     
     
     
     
     A Twin-spotted, or Desert Spiny Lizard during a FONT tour
     
     
101. Texas Spiny Lizard  ______
     Sceloporus olivaceus
     
     
102. Southern Prairie Lizard   ______   (conspecific with the Eastern Fence Lizard) 
     Sceloporus undulatus consobrinus
     Sceloporus undualtus garmani  Northern Prairie Lizard  ______  (in far-north Texas)
     
     
103. Canyon Lizard  ______  (in west Texas)
     Sceloporus merriami 
     
     
104. Tree Lizard  ______
     Urosaurus ornatus orantus  Eastern Tree Lizard  ______
     Urosaurus ornatus schmidti  Big Bend Tree Lizard  ______ 
     
     
105. Desert Side-blotched Lizard  ______
     Uta stansburiana stejnegeri
     
     
     
     
     Desert Side-blotched Lizard
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
106. Texas Horned Lizard  ______
     Phrynosoma cornutum
     
     
107. Mountain Short-horned Lizard  ______
     Phrynosoma douglassii hernandesi 
     
     
108. Roundtail Horned Lizard  ______
     Phrynosoma modestum 
     
     
     Family SCINCIDAE
     
     
109. Five-lined Skink  ______  (in east Texas)
     Eumeces fasciatus
     
     
110. Broadhead Skink  ______  (in east Texas)
     Eumeces laticeps
     
     
111. Great Plains Skink  ______
     Eumeces obsoletus
     
     
112. Four-lined Skink  ______
     Eumeces tetragrammus brevilineatus  ______
     Eumeces t. tetragrammus  Four-lined Skink  ______  (in far-south Texas)
     
     
113. Coal Skink  ______  (in far-east Texas)
     Eumeces anthracinus
     
     
114. Southern Prairie Skink  ______  
     Eumeces septentrionalis obtusirostris
     
     
115. Variable Skink  ______
     Eumeces multivirgatus epipleurotus
     
     
116. Ground Skink  ______  
     Scincella lateralis
     
     
     Family TEIIDAE
     
     
117. Prairie Six-lined Racerunner  ______ 
     Cnemidophorus sexlineatus viridis
     
     
118. Chihuahuan Spotted Whiptail  ______  (in west Texas)
     Cnemidophorus exsanguis
     
     
119. Laredo Striped Whiptail  ______
     Cnemidophorus laredoensis
     
     
120. Texas Spotted Whiptail  ______
     Cnemidophorus g. gularis
     
     
121. Trans-Pecos Striped Whiptail  ______
     Cnemidophorus inornatus heptagrammus
     
     
122. New Mexico Whiptail  ______  (in far-west Texas)
     Cnemidophorus neomexicanus
     
     
123. Checkered Whiptail  ______ 
     Cnemidophorus tesselatus
     
     
124. Plateau Spotted Whiptail  ______  (in far-west Texas)
     Cnemidophorus s. septemvittatus
     
     
125. Marbled Whiptail  ______  (in west Texas)
     Cnemidophorus marmoratus 
     
     
     Family ANGUIDAE
     
     
126. Western Slender Glass Lizard ______  
     Ophisaurus a. attenuatus
     
     
127. Texas Alligator Lizard  ______
     Gerrhonotus liocephalus infernalis
     
     
     SNAKES
     
     
     Family LEPTOTYPHLOPIDAE
     
     
128. Texas Blind Snake  ______
     Leptotyphlops dulcis
     
     
129. Trans-Pecos Blind Snake  ______
     Leptotyphlops humilis segregus
     
     
     Family COLUBRIDAE
     
     
130. Mississippi Green Water Snake  ______
     Nerodia cyclopion
     
     
131. Diamondback Water Snake  ______
     Nerodia r. rhombifer
     
     
132. Plainbelly Water Snake  ______
     Nerodia erythrogaster flavigaster  ______  (in east Texas)
     Nerodia erythrogaster transversa  Blotched Water Snake  ______
     
     
     
     
     A Blotched Water Snake swimming across a small river.
     (photographed during a FONT Texas Tour in May 2010, by Karl Frafjord)
     
     
133. Broad-banded Water Snake  ______
     Nerodia fasciata confluens
     
     
134. Gulf Salt Marsh Snake  ______
     Nerodia clarkii clarkii
     
     
135. Harter's Water Snake  ______
     Nerodia harteri
     
     
136. Texas Scarlet Snake ______  
     Cemophora coccinea lineri
     Cemophora coccinea copei  Northern Scarlet Snake  ______  (in east Texas)
     
     
137. Texas Longnose Snake  ______
     Rhinocheilus lecontei tessellatus
     
     
138. Eastern Yellowbelly Racer  (*)  ______ 
     Coluber constrictor flaviventris
     Coluber constrictor oaxaca  Mexican Racer  ______ 
     Coluber constrictor anthicus  Buttermilk Racer  ______ 
     
     
139. Ringneck Snake  ______
     Diadophis punctatus arnyi  Prairie Ringneck Snake  ______
     Diadophis punctatus regalis  Regal Ringneck Snake  ______ 
     Diadophis punctatus stictogenys  Mississippi Ringneck Snake  ______
     
     
140. Great Plains Rat Snake ______  (conspecific with the Corn Snake)
     Elaphe guttata emoryi
     
     
141. Black Rat Snake  ______  
     Elaphe o. obseleta
     Elaphe obseleta lindheimerii  Texas Rat Snake  ______
     
     
142. Baird's Rat Snake  ______
     Elaphe bairdi
     
     
143. Trans-Pecos Rat Snake  ______
     Bogertophis subocularis
     
     
144. Glossy Snake  ______
     Arizona elegans arenicola  Texas Glossy Snake  ______
     Arizona e. elegans  Kansas Glossy Snake  ______
     
     
145. Bullsnake  ______  
     Pituophis melanoleucus sayi
     Pituophis melanoleucus ruthveni  Louisiana Pine Snake  ______
     Pituophis melanoleucus affinis  Sonoran Gopher Snake  ______
     
     
146. Western Mud Snake  ______   
     Farancia abacura reinwardtii
     
     
147. Eastern Hognose Snake  ______  
     Heterodon platyrhinos
     
     
148. Western Hognose Snake ______   
     Heterodon nasicus
     
     
149. Kingsnake  ______ 
     Lampropeltis getula hollbrooki  Speckled Kingsnake  ______
     Lampropeltis getula splendida  Desert Kingsnake  ______
     
     
150. Prairie Kingsnake  ______
     Lampropeltis c. calligaster 
     
     
151. Gray-banded Kingsnake  ______
     Lampropeltis alterna
     
     
152. Milk Snake ______    
     Lampropeltis triangulum annulata  Mexican Milk Snake  ______
     Lampropeltis triangulum amaura  Louisiana Milk Snake  ______
     Lampropeltis triangulum celaenops  New Mexico Milk Snake  ______    
     
     
153. Coachwhip ______   
     Masticophis f. flagellum  Eastern Coachwhip  ______
     Masticophis flagellum testaceus  Western Coachwhip  ______   
     
     
154. Central Texas Coachwhip  ______
     Masticophis taeniatus girardi
     Masticophis taeniatus schotti  Schott's Coachwhip  ______
     Masticophis taeniatus ruthveni  Ruthven's Whipsnake  ______
     
     
155. Rough Green Snake  ______  
     Opheodrys aestivus
     
     
156. Smooth Green Snake  ______
     Opheodrys vernalis
     
     
157. Speckled Racer  ______
     Drymobius m. margaritiferus
     
     
     
     
     A Speckled Racer during a FONT Tour
     
     
158. Texas Indigo Snake  ______
     Drymobius corais exebennus
     
     
159. Patchnose Snake  ______
     Salvadora a. grahamiae  Mountain Patchnose Snake  ______
     Salvadora grahamiae lineata  Texas Patchnose Snake  ______
     
     
160. Big Bend Patchnose Snake  ______
     Salvadora deserticola 
     
     
161. Graham's Crayfish Snake  ______
     Regina grahamii
     
     
162. Glossy Crayfish Snake ______  
     Regina rigida
     
     
163. Brown Snake  ______  
     Storeia dekayi texana  Texas Brown Snake  ______
     Storeia dekayi limnetes  Marsh Brown Snake  ______
     
     
164. Florida Redbelly Snake ______  (in east Texas)  
     Storeria occipitomaculata obscura
     
     
165. Ground Snake  ______
     Sonora semiannulata
     
     
166. Black-striped Snake  ______  (in far-south Texas)
     Coniophanes i, imperialis
     
     
167. Mexican Hooknose Snake  ______  (in south Texas)
     Ficimia streckeri
     
     
168. Western Hooknose Snake  ______  (in west Texas)
     Gyalopion canum
     
     
169. Texas Night Snake  ______
     Hypsiglena torquata jani
     
     
170. Northern Cat-eyed Snake  ______  (in south Texas)
     Leptodeira s. septentrionalis 
     
     
171. Texas Lyre Snake  ______  (in west Texas)
     Trimorphodon bisentatus vilkinsonii
     
     
172. Flathead Snake  ______  
     Tantilla gracilis
     
     
173. Plains Blackhead Snake  ______
     Tantilla nigriceps
     
     
174. Southwestern Blackhead Snake  ______
     Tantilla hobartsmithi
     
     
175. Mexican Blackhead Snake  ______  (in south Texas)
     Tantilla atriceps
     
     
176. Devil's River Blackhead Snake  ______
     Tantilla rubra diabola
     Tantilla rubra cucullata  Blackhood Snake  ______  (in west Texas) 
     
     
177. Garter Snake ______ 
     Thamnophis s. sirtalis  Eastern Garter Snake  ______
     Thamnophis sirtalis annectens  Texas Garter Snake  ______
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     Two photographs of the Eastern Garter Snake
     (above photo by Doris Potter; lower photo by Howard Eskin)
     
     
178. Checkered Garter Snake  ______
     Thamnophis m. marcianus
     
     
179. Blackneck Garter Snake  ______
     Thamnophis c. cyrtopsis  Western Blackneck Garter Snake  ______
     Thamnophis cyrtopsis ocellatus  Eastern Blackneck Garter Snake  ______ 
     
     
180. Ribbon Snake ______ 
     Thamnophis p. proximus  Western Ribbon Snake  ______
     Thamnophis proximus rubrilineatus  Redstripe Ribbon Snake  ______
     Thamnophis proximus orarius  Gulf Coast Ribbon Snake  ______
     Thamnophis proximus diabolicus  Arid Land Ribbon Snake  ______  
     
     
181. Lined Snake  ______
     Tropidoclonion lineatum
     
     
182. Rough Earth Snake ______  
     Virginia striatula
     
     
183. Western Earth Snake ______  
     Virginia valeriae elegans
     
     
     Family ELAPIDAE
     
     
184. Texas Coral Snake  ______
     Micrurus fulvius tener
     
     
     Family VIPERIDAE
     
     
185. Copperhead ______  (venomous)
     Agkistrodon c. contortrix  Southern Copperhead  ______  (in east Texas) 
     Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus  Broad-banded Copperhead  ______
     Agkistrodon contortrix pictigaster  Trans-Pecos Copperhead  ______  (in west Texas)
     
     
186. Western Cottonmouth  (ph) (*)  ______  (venomous)
     Agkistrodon piscivorus leucostma
     
     
     
     
     Western Cottonmouth
     (photo during a FONT Texas Tour in May 2010 by Karl Frafjord)
     
     
187. Massasauga  ______
     Sistrurus catenatus tergeninus  Western Massasauga  ______ 
     Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii  Desert Massasauga  ______
     
     
188. Western Diamondback Rattlesnake  ______   (venomous)
     Crotalus atrox
     
     
189. Timber Rattlesnake  (ph)   _____  (in east Texas)  (venomous)
     Crotalus horridus
     
     
     
     
     Timber Rattlesnake
     (photo by Fred Lesser)
     
     
190. Mojave Rattlesnake  ______  (in west Texas) 
     Crotalus s. scutulatus
     
     
191. Prairie Rattlesnake  ______  (in north & west Texas)
     Crotalus v. viridis
     
     
192. Blacktail Rattlesnake  ______
     Crotalus m. molossus 
     
     
193. Mottled Rock Rattlesnake  ______
     Crotalus l. lepidus
     Crotalus lepidus klauberi  Banded Rock Rattlesnake  ______  (a Mexican subspecies in far-west Texas)    
     
     
194. Western Pygmy Rattlesnake ______   (venomous)
     Sistrurus miliarius streckeri