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E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555
 or 302/529-1876 

 


 Butterflies 
 in TEXAS

including those during
Focus On Nature Tours


This List of Texas Butterflies
compiled by Armas Hill



IN TEXAS, MORE BUTTERFLY SPECIES HAVE BEEN RECORDED THAN IN ANY OTHER U.S. STATE. 
429 species are in the following list.  
 
Upper right photo: not a MONARCH, but a VICEROY
 

Codes relating to illustrations in various books:
 
 Numbers noted as (PE:xx) refer to plates in the "Peterson Field Guide to Eastern Butterflies", by Paul Opler & Vichai Malikul, 1998 edition. Those noted as (PEp:xx) refer to a page with a photograph.

Numbers noted as (PW:xx) refer to plates in the "Peterson Field Guide to Western Butterflies", by Paul Opler & illustrated by Amy Bartlett Wright, 1999 edition. Those noted as (PWp:xx) refer to a page with a photograph.

Numbers noted as (K:xx) refer to pages in the "Kaufman Focus Guide to Butterflies of North America", by Jim Brock & Kenn Kaufman

Numbers noted as (RG:xx) refer to pages with photos in "Butterflies of the Lower Rio Grande Valley", by Roland Wauer.
 

Another good book, relating to Butterflies in Texas is: "Butterflies of Houston & Southeast Texas", by John & Gloria Tveten.

Additional Codes:
(i/E): introduced from Europe

(In LRGV:):  in the Lower Rio Grande Valley  

(ph): species with a photo in the FONT website

THOSE BUTTERFLIES NOTED WITH AN (*) SEEN DURING FONT TEXAS TOURS 

Links families of butterflies in the following List:

Swallowtails   Whites & Sulphurs   

Gossamer-wings   

Includes: Harvester, Coppers, Hairstreaks, Blues 

Metalmarks   

Brushfoots  

Includes: Snout, Longwings, Crescents, Checkerspots, Patches, Anglewings, Ladies, Buckeyes, Admirals, Crackers, Daggerwings, Leaf Butterflies, Hackberry Butterflies, Royalty, Clearwings

Satyrs & Wood-nymphs

Skippers


Additional Links:
Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Texas

A List & Photo Gallery of Texas Birds, in 2 parts:
 Part #1: Quails to Becard     Part #2: Flycatchers to Buntings

A List of Texas Mammals  (with some photos) 

A List of Texas Dragonflies & Damselflies (with some photos)

A List of Texas Reptiles & Amphibians (with some photos)

Alphabetical Directory of Butterflies by Genus with Photos in the FONT Website

A Directory of Photos in this Website




A Variegated Fritillary

List of Butterflies:

         Family PAPILIONIDAE: SWALLOWTAILS
 
          Genus PARIDES: 

  1. Cattle Heart ______ (PE:text) (has strayed from Mexico to Texas) 
    Parides eurimedes

    Genus  BATTUS: PIPEVINE SWALLOWTAILS 
  2. Pipevine Swallowtail  (ph) (*)  ______ (PE:5)(PW:2) (K:27) (RG:22,23)
    Battus philendor
     (In LRGV: common & widespread year-round)
  3. Polydamas Swallowtail  (ph)  ______ (PE:5)(PW:2) (K:37) (RG:24)
    Battus polydamus
         (In LRGV: widespread, but occasional March to January)



    Polydamas Swallowtail

    Genus EURYTIDES: KITE SWALLOWTAILS 
  4. Zebra Swallowtail  (ph)  ______ (PE:5)(PW:2) (K:25)
    Eurytides marcellus



    Zebra Swallowtail
         (photo by Marie Gardner)
  5. Dark Kite-Swallowtail ______ (PE:text) (RG:25)
    Eurytides philolaus
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only a few times in July & October)


     Genus PAPILIO: FLUTED SWALLOWTAILS
  6. Eastern Tiger Swallowtail  (ph)  ______ (PE:2,5,7)(PW:5) (K:21)
    Papilio glaucus



    Two photos of the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail.
    Below, a dark female.
         (photos by Marie Gardner) 
  7. Two-tailed Swallowtail  (ph)  ______ (PE:7)(PW:6) (K:23)
    Papilio multicaudatus



    Two-tailed Swallowtail
    (photo by Frank Stermitz)
  8. Spicebush Swallowtail  (ph)  ______  (PE:14) (K:27)
    Papilio troilus



    Above & below: Spicebush Swallowtail
    (photos by Howard Eskin)
  9. Black Swallowtail  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:2,4,5)(PW:3) (K:29) (RG:26,27)
    Papilio polyxenes  
     (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round)



    Black Swallowtail
     (photo by Howard Eskin)

  10. Palamedes Swallowtail ______ (PE:7)(PW:6) (K:37)
    Papilio palamedes
  11. Giant Swallowtail  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:2,4,6)(PW:4) (K:39) (RG:30,31)
    Papilio cresphontes
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    Giant Swallowtails; below 2 of them 
    (upper photo by Marie Gardner during a FONT tour;
    lower photo courtesy of Gary Greer of Austin, Texas)




  12. Thoas Swallowtail ______ (PE:6) (K:39) (RG:28)
    Papilio thoas
         (In LRGV: very rare, from April to July & September-October)
  13. Ornythion Swallowtail ______ (PE:6)(PW:4) (K:39) (RG:32)
    Papilio ornythion
         (In LRGV: widespread, but rare, from March to June & August to November)

  14. Pink-spotted Swallowtail ______ (PE:text) (RG:36)
    Papilio pharnaces
         (In LRGV: very rare, with 1 record in April. Uncommon in nearby Mexico.)   

  15. Ruby-spotted Swallowtail ______ (PE:text)(PW:5) (K:43) (RG:37)
    Papilio anchisiades
     (In LRGV: rare & local, from April to July & September to December)

  16. Broad-banded Swallowtail ______ (PE:6)(PW:4) (K:43) (RG:33)
    Papilio astyalus
     (In LRGV: very rare, in April & from August to October)

  17. Three-tailed Swallowtail ______ (PE:text)(PW:6) (K:43) (RG:34)
    Papilio pilumnus
     (In LRGV: very rare, with a single historical sighting in May) 

  18. Magnificent Swallowtail ______ (RG:35)
    Papilio garamas abderus
         (In LRGV: very rare, with historical records only from September & October following a hurricane in the 1960's) (Sometimes this species referred to as Abderus Swallowtail, after its subscientific name.)

  19. Victorine Swallowtail ______ (PE:text) 
    Papilio victorinus
         (Range: Mexico to El Salvador. Has strayed to south Texas at least once.)  
     

     Family PIERIDAE: WHITES & SULPHURS
    Subfamily DISMORPHIINAE: MIMIC-WHITES -     Primarily a neotropical group of about 100 species
    .

    Genus ENANTIA
  20. Costa-spotted Mimic-White ______ (PE:text) (RG:68)
    Enantia albania
         (In LRGV: very rare, with historical records only in September)


     Subfamily PIERINAE: WHITES, MARBLES, ORANGETIPS - In this worldwide group, there are some 1,200 species. 


    Genus APPIAS
  21. Florida White (also called Tropical White) ______ (PE:7)(PW:7) (K:53) (RG:39)
    Appias drusilla
     (In LRGV: occasional, from March to May & July to November)


     Genus PONTIA: CHECKERED WHITES 
  22. Checkered White  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:7)(PW:7) (K:49) (RG:41)
    Pontia protodice
     (In LRGV: common in open areas year-round) 



    Checkered White
    (photo by Rise Hill)

  23. Spring White ______ (PW:7) (In TX, only in far-west)
    Pontia sisymbrii


    Genus PIERIS: MUSTARD WHITES
  24. Cabbage White (or Cabbage Butterfly) (i/E) (ph) (*) ______ (PE:2,4,7)(PW:8) (K:47) (RG:42)
    Pieris rapae
         (In LRGV: very rare from October to December. Common throughout most of the US.)






    Two photographs of Cabbage Whites
     (photos by Marie Gardner)


    Genus ASCIA
  25. Great Southern White (*)______ (PE:8)(PW:8) (K:53) (RG:43) 
    Ascia monuste
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)


         Genus GANYRA
  26. Giant White ______ (PE:8)(PW:8) (K:53) (RG:44) (strays from Mexico to southern Texas)
    Ganyra josephina
         (In LRGV: widespread but occasional from March to January, with most sightings September-December)


         Genus LEPTOPHOBIA
  27. Mountain White ______  (RG:40)
    Leptophobia aripa
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single October record. Common in nearby Mexico.) 


    Genus  CATASTICTA

  28. Mexican Dartwhite ______ (PW:7) (K:51) (strays from Mexico to Chisos Mtns of west Texas)
    Catasticta nimbice 


     Genus EUCHLOE: MARBLES

  29. Desert Marble ______ (PW:9) (In TX, only in far-west)
    Euchloe lotta

    Genus ANTHOCHARIS
  30. Falcate Orangetip ______ (PE:8)(PW:9) (K:57) (RG:45)
    Anthocharis midea
     (In LRGV: occasional, from February to April) 

  31. Desert Orangetip ______ (PW:9) (K:59) (color varies to yellow in eastern (Texan) portion of range) 
    Anthocharis cethura

  32. Southwestern Orangetip ______ (PW:9) (In TX, only in far-west)
    Anthocharis thoosa
    Subfamily COLIADINAE: SULPHURS - There are about 300 species worldwide.


     Genus COLIAS: SULPHURS
  33. Clouded Sulphur  (ph)  ______  (PE:9)(PW:10) (K:61)
    Colias (or Zerene) philodice



    Clouded Sulphur
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
  34. Orange Sulphur  (ph)  ______ (PE:2,9)(PW:10) (K:61) (RG:46,47)
    Colias eurytheme
     (In LRGV: widespread but uncommon year-round)



    Orange Sulphur
    (photo by Howard Eskin)

  35. Southern Dogface  (ph)  ______ (PE:10)(PW:12) (K:69) (RG:48)
    Colias cesonia
         (In LRGV: widespread, usually common year-round)


     Genus ANTEOS: ANGLED SULPHURS
  36. White-angled Sulphur  (ph)  ______ (PE:10)(PW:12) (K:77) (RG:49) (a mostly Mexican species that just reaches western & southern Texas; usually into western TX during monsoons)
    Anteos clorinde
     (In LRGV: occasional, with some sightings March-May, most sightings July-January)  



    White-angled Sulphur
    (photo by Doug Johnson)

  37. Yellow-angled Sulphur ______ (PE:10)(PW:12) (K:77) (RG:50) (a rare stray into Texas from Mexico, less often seen than the White-angled Sulphur)
    Anteos maerula
         (In LRGV: occasional, from February to December) 


         Genus PHOEBIS: GIANT SULPHURS
  38. Cloudless Sulphur  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:10)(PW:12) (K:75) (RG:51)
    Phoebis sennae
     (In LRGV: Widespread, often abundant year-round)

  39. Large Orange Sulphur ______ (PE:10)(PW:13) (K:75) (RG:53)  
    Phoebis agarithe
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

  40. Orange-barred Sulphur ______ (PE:10)(PW:12) (K:75) (RG:52)
    Phoebis philea
     (In LRGV: uncommon & local, in April & July to January)

  41. Tailed Sulphur ______ (PE:text)(PWp:178) (RG:54)
    Phoebis neocypris
     (In LRGV: very rare, with records in October & November. In Mexico & Central America, mainly in premontane & montane forests and associated openings.) 

  42. Statira Sulphur ______ (PE:10)(PW:13) (K:77) (RG:55)
    Phoebis statira
         (In LRGV: very rare, with records in February & June)
  43. Apricot Sulphur ______ (PE:text) (Strays extremely rarely from Mexico to Texas. 3 records, June-October)
    Phoebis argante


    Genus KRICOGONIA
  44. Lyside Sulphur (*) ______ (PE:8)(PW:13) (K:77) (RG:56)
    Kricogonia lyside
         (In LRGV: widespread & abundant year-round)


         Genus EUREMA: SMALL YELLOWS 
  45. Sleepy Orange  (ph)  ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:69) (RG:66)
    Eurema nicippe
     (In LRGV: widespread & usually abundant year-round) 

  46. Tailed Orange ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:69) (RG:62)
    Eurema proterpia
     (In LRGV: widespread but uncommon & sporadic, from June to January)

  47. Little Yellow  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:71) (RG:63)
    Eurema lisa
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    A Little Yellow, or Little Sulphur, with a Cloudless Sulphur
    photographed during a FONT tour
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  48. Mimosa Yellow (or Jamaican Sulphur) ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:71) (RG:64)
    Eurema nise
     (In LRGV: uncommon & local, from August to January)

  49. Barred Yellow ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:71) (RG:57)
    Eurema daira
         (In LRGV: very rare, from August to November)

  50. Ghost Yellow ______  (RG:58)
    Eurema albula
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single November record) 

  51. Mexican Yellow ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:73) (RG:60)
    Eurema mexicana
     (In LRGV: widespread but rare, occurring year-round)

  52. Boisduval's Yellow ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:73) (RG:59) (strays from Mexico into west & south Texas)
    Eurema boisduvaliana
     (In LRGV: uncommon & local, from April to January)

  53. Dina Yellow ______ (PE:11)(PW:13) (K:73) (RG:65) (strays rarely from Mexico)
    Eurema dina
     (In LRGV: very rare, with records only in April, July, and September)

  54. Salome Yellow ______ (PE:text) (K:73) (RG:61)
    Eurema salome
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single historical record in September)
    (Sometimes known as     "Monkey Face Sulphur".)

    Genus NATHALIS

          
  55. Dainty Sulphur ______ (PE:10)(PW:13) (K:71) (RG:67)
    Nathalis iole
         (In LRGV: widespread & common, sometimes abundant, year-round)
    (Was once known as     "Dwarf Yellow".)
    Family LYCAENIDAE: GOSSAMER-WING BUTTERFLIES
    Subfamily MILETINAE: HARVESTERS -     This group, of about 50 species, is mostly in Africa & Asia. One species occurs in North America. 

    Genus FENISECA 
  56. Harvester ______ (PW:14) (K:81)
    Feniseca tarquinius

    Subfamily LYCAENINAE: COPPERS -     There are about 50 species found in Eurasia & North America. One isolated species, Lycaena pyhrrias, lives on volcanoes in Guatemala. A few species occur in New Guinea, New Zealand, and northern Africa.


    Genus LYCAENA
  57. Gray Copper ______ (PE:3,12) (PW:14) (K:83)
    Lycaena dione
    Subfamily THECLINAE: HAIRSTREAKS


     Genus HYPAUROTIS
  58. Colorado Hairstreak ______ (PW:15) (In TX, local in the west)
    Hypaurotis crysalus

    Genus ALLOSMAITIA
  59. Strophius Hairstreak ______ (PE:text) (RG:text)
    Allomaitia strophius
         (In LRGV: very rare, in October & November)


     Genus ATLIDES
  60. Great Purple Hairstreak ______ (PE:12) (PW:15) (K:109) (RG:70)
    Atlides halesus
         (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon year-round)


     Genus REKOA 
  61. Gold-bordered Hairstreak ______ (PE:text) (RG:71)
    Rekoa palegon
     (In LRGV: very rare with historical records in November)

  62. Marius Hairstreak ______ (PE:text) (PW:18) (RG:72)
    Rekoa marius
     (In LRGV: very rare, from September to December)


     Genus OCARIA
  63. Black Hairstreak ______  (RG:text)
     Ocaria ocrisia

    Genus CHLOROSTRYMON
  64. Telea Hairstreak  (ph)  ______  (RG:73)
    Chlorostrymon telea
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single sighting in June)



    Telea Hairstreak
     (photo courtesy of Michiel Koomen)
  65. Silver-banded Hairstreak ______ (PE:13) (K:117) (RG:74)
    Chlorostrymon simaethis
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local year-round, on or near balloonvines)


     Genus ARAWACUS
  66. Creamy Stripe Hairstreak ______ (K:109) (a rare stray to south Texas from Mexico)
    Arawacus jada  


     Genus PHAEOSTRYMON
  67. Soapberry Hairstreak ______ (PW:16) (K:97)
    Phaeostrymon alcestis


     Genus FIXSENIA 
  68. Southern (or Oak) Hairstreak ______ (PE:13)(PW:16) (K:97) (RG:75)
    Fixsenia     (or Satyrium) favonius
         (or Satyrium) favonius
         The southern populations were previously considered to a species separate from the more northern and western butterflies, which were called Fixsenia (or Satyrium) favonius ontario, the Northern Hairstreak.
    (In LRGV: very rare, in April & May) 

  69. Poling's Hairstreak ______ (PW:17) (In TX, in the west. The Chisos Mtns in Big Bend NP is a good place to observe this species.) 
    Fixsenia polingi


     Genus SATYRIUM: BROWN HAIRSTREAKS  
  70. Banded Hairstreak ______ (PE:14) (PW:16) (K:95)
    Satyrium calanus
  71. Edward's Hairstreak ______ (PE:14) (PW:16) (K:95)
    Satyrium edwardsii
  72. King's Hairstreak ______ (PE:14) (K:95)
    Satyrium kingi
  73. Striped Hairstreak ______ (PE:14) (PW:16) (K:95)
    Satyrium liparops
  74. Behr's Hairstreak ______ (PW:16) (In TX, local in the north)
    Satyrium behrii

  75. Coral Hairstreak ______ (PE:14) (PW:16) (K:99)
    Satyrium titus

    Genus CYANOPHRYS: TROPICAL GREEN HAIRSTREAKS 
  76. Amyntor Greenstreak ______ (PW:17) (In the US, known only from a single specimen collected in west TX in the Big Bend NP.)
    Cyanophrys amyntor
  77. Clench's Greenstreak ______ (PE:13) (K:117) (RG:76) (in the US, occurs only in south Texas)
    Cyanophrys miserabilis
     (In LRGV: rare & local, with records from April to December)

  78. Goodson's Greenstreak ______ (PE:13) (K:117) (RG:77) (in the US, occurs only in south Texas) 
    Cyanophrys goodsoni
     (In LRGV: very rare, from May to December)

  79. Tropical Greenstreak ______ (PE:13) (K:117) (RG:78) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Cyanophrys herodotus
         (In LRGV: very rare, in May, June, & October)


         Genus CALLOPHRYS: CEDAR HAIRSTREAKS & ELFINS
  80. Sandia Hairstreak ______ (PW:17) (K:117)
    Callophrys mcfarlandi
  81. Xami Hairstreak ______ (PE:13) (PW:17) (K:117) (RG:79)
    Callophrys xami
     (In LRGV: fairly common, but local year-round, occurring only in arid cactus-scrub sites with plenty of stonecrop and echeveria) 

  82. Juniper Hairstreak ______ (PE:13) (PW:17) (K:111)
    Callophrys gryneus

  83. Thicket Hairstreak ______ (PW:17) (K:115) (In TX, in the west)
    Callophrys spinetorum
  84. Henry's Elfin ______ (PE:14) (PW:18) (K:105)
    Callophrys henrici
  85. Frosted Elfin ______ (PE:14) (K:105)
    Callophrys irus
  86. Eastern Pine Elfin ______ (PE:14) (PW:18) (K:107)
    Callophrys niphon


     Genus PARRHASIUS
  87. White M Hairstreak  (ph)  ______ (PE:15)(PW:18) (K:93)
    Parrhasius m-album



    White M Hairstreak
    (photo by Howard Eskin)


         Genus OENOMAUS
  88. Aquamarine Hairstreak ______ (PE:text) (RG:80)
    Oenomaus ortygnus
         (In LRGV: very rare in November & December. Occurs regularly in nearby Mexico)


         Genus TMOLUS
  89. Red-spotted Hairstreak ______ (PE:13) (PW:18) (K:119) (RG:94) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Tmolus echion
         (In LRGV: very rare, with historical records only in May)


     Genus MINISTRYMON
  90. Leda Ministreak ______ (PW:18) (K: 119) (RG:96) (in TX, in the far-west)
    Ministrymon leda

  91. Clytie Ministreak ______ (PE:14) (K:119) (in the US, occurs only in south Texas)
    Ministrymon clytie 
         (In LRGV: common, but local, year-round. Can be abundant at certain locations, such as Laguna Atacosa NWR in the summer.)

  92. Gray (or Azia) Ministreak ______ (PE:13)(PW:18) (K:119) (RG:97) (in the US, occurs only in south Texas)
    Ministrymon azia
     (In LRGV: occasional, from March to October)

    Genus SIDERUS
  93. Pearly-gray (or Tephraeus) Hairstreak ______ (PE:text) (RG:95)
    Siderus tephraeus
         (In LRGV: very rare, from September to December)


     Genus ERORA
  94. Arizona Hairstreak ______ (PW:18) (K:115) (In TX, in the west) 
    Erora quaderna

    Genus CALYCOPIS 
  95. Red-banded Hairstreak ______ (PE:13) (PW:18) (K:103)
    Calycopis cecrops
  96. Dusky-blue Hairstreak (or Groundstreak) ______ (PE:13) (PW:18) (K:103) (RG:92)
    Calycopis isobeon
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)


     Genus ZIEGLERIA (said by some in be in KISUTAM)
  97. Mountain Groundstreak ______  (RG:93) 
    Ziegleria guzanta
         (In LRGV: very rare, seen in January 2004. There are also a few records from west Texas.) 


     Genus ELECTROSTRYMON
  98. Ruddy Hairstreak ______ (PE:13) (K:103) (RG:90) (in the US, occurs only in south Texas) 
    Electrostrymon sangala
         (In LRGV: very rare, in April & from October to December) 

  99. Muted Hairstreak ______ (PE:text) (K:103) (RG:91) (in the US, occurs only in south Texas)
    Electrostrymon canus
         (In LRGV: very rare - info as to time of year not available)


     Genus STRYMON: SCRUB-HAIRSTREAKS - Primarily a tropical group, with a number of species along the US-Mexico border.
  100. Gray Hairstreak ______ (PE:3,8,24) (PW:18) (K:93) (RG:81)
    Strymon melinus
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round) 

  101. Mallow Scrub-Hairstreak  (ph)  ______ (PE:15) (PW:18) (K:121) (RG:87)
    Strymon istapa
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    A Mallow Scrub-Hairstreak photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  102. Red-lined Scrub-Hairstreak ______ (PE:15) (PW:18) (K:121) (RG:83) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Strymon bebrycia
         (In LRGV: occasional, in October & November) 

  103. Lacey's Scrub-Hairstreak (has been called Lacey's Hairstreak) (*) ______ (PE:15)(PW:18) (K:123) (RG:86) (rare & local in central & south Texas)
    Strymon alea
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local at scattered sites, in April & from October to December) 

  104. Red-crescent Scrub-Hairstreak (has been called Reddish Hairstreak) ______ (PE:15) (K:123) (RG:82) (in the US, only in extreme southern Texas, where it is rare)
    Strymon rufofusca
         (In LRGV: occasional, from March to January)

  105. Tailless Scrub-Hairstreak ______ (PE:15) (PW:18) (K:123) (RG:88) (strays rarely from Mexico)
    Strymon cestri
     (In LRGV: very rare, in March)

  106. Lantana Scrub-Hairstreak ______ (PE:15) (PW:18) (K: 123) (RG:89) (in the US, only in south Texas; widespread in Central & South American Tropics)
    Strymon bazochii
         (In LRGV: occasional much of the year, with sightings from January to March, in May, and from October to November)

  107. Yojoa Scrub-Hairstreak (has been called Yojoa Hairstreak) ______ (PE:15)(PW:text) (K:123) (RG:84) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Strymon yojoa
         (In LRGV: occasional, in April &  from October to January)

  108. White Scrub-Hairstreak (has been called White Hairstreak) ______ (PE:15) (K:123) (RG:85) (strays very rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Strymon albata 
         (In LRGV: rare, with records in April & from June to December)


    Subfamily POLYOMMATINAE: BLUES
    Genus COMYNTAS
  109. Eastern Tailed-Blue  (ph)  ______ (PE:16)(PW:19) (K:125) (RG:104)
    Everes comyntas
         (In LRGV: rare & local, with records in July & August)



    Above & below: an Eastern Tailed-Blue
    In the upper photo, notice the tails.
    (photos by Marie Gardner)




    Genus LEPTOTES
  110. Marine Blue  (ph)  ______ (PE:16)(PW:19) (K:127) (RG:100)
    Leptotes marina
     (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round)



    Marine Blue
    (photo by Doris Potter)

  111. Cassius Blue  (ph)  ______ (PE:16)(PW:19) (K:127) (RG:99)
    Leptotes cassius
         (In LRGV: widespread, but occasional, year-round)



    A Cassius Blue photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)

    Genus BREPHIDIUM
  112. Western Pygmy-Blue ______ (PE:15) (PW:19) (K:127) (RG:98) (considered the world's smallest butterfly, with a wingspan of .5 to .75 inches) 
    Brephidium exile
         (In LRGV: common, but local, year-round) 


         Genus ZIZULA
  113. Cyna Blue ______ (PE:15) (PW:19) (K:127) (RG:101)  (a rare stray from Mexico to southern & southwestern Texas)
    Zizula cyna
         (In LRGV: rare, with records from March to January) 


         Genus HEMIARGUS
  114. Ceraunus Blue (*) ______ (PE:15) (PW:19) (K:129) (RG:102)
    Hemiargus ceraunus
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

  115. Reakirt's Blue ______ (PE:15) (PW:19) (K:129) (RG:103)
    Hemiargus isola
         (In LRGV: widespread & fairly common year-round)


         Genus CELASTRINA: AZURES
  116. Spring Azure  (ph)  ______ (PE:16)(PW:19) (K:131)
    Celastrina ladon

  117. Summer Azure ______ (PW:19) (This has now been shown to a species separate from the Spring Azure.)
    Celastrina neglecta

    Genus EUPHILOTES
  118. Rita Dotted-Blue ______ (PW:20)
    Euphilotes rita

    Genus ICARICIA
  119. Lupine Blue ______ (PE:19) (K:133) (previously considered a subspecies of the Acmon Blue; that species is now restricted to the far-west US)  
    Icaricia lupinibejus 


     Genus LYCAEIDES
  120. Melissa Blue ______ (PE:16) (PW:20) (K:135)
    Lycaeides melissa

    Family RIODINIDAE: METALMARKS -     With a few exceptions, these butterflies are in the tropics, especially in the Americas. About 1,300 species are known.


    Genus CALEPHELIS: SCINTILLANT METALMARKS 
      
  121. Little Metalmark ______ (PE:17) (K:143) (in TX, only in far-east)
    Calephelis virginiensis
  122. Fatal Metalmark ______ (PE:17)(PW:22) (K:145) (RG:105)
    Calephelis nemesis
     (In LRGV: widspread & common year-round, but most numerous from May to December) 

  123. Rounded Metalmark ______ (PE:17)(PW:22) (K:145) (RG:106) (in US, only in south Texas)
    Calephelis perditalis
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

  124. Rawson's Metalmark ______ (PE:17)(PW:22) (K:145) (RG:107) (rare & local in southwestern & south Texas)
    Calephelis rawsoni
     (In LRGV: rare & local, with records from February to November)

    Genus APODEMIA
  125. Narrow-winged Metalmark ______ (PE:17) (K:149) (RG:113) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas; in MX, flies most of the year, in south TX, recorded in the fall.)
    Apodemia multiplaga
         (In LRGV: very rare, in October & November)

  126. Walker's Metalmark ______ (PE:17) (K:151) (RG:114) (In US, only in extreme south Texas)
    Apodemia walkeri
         (In LRGV: rare, with records from May to August & October to December. Most often seen at gardens in the fall.)

  127. Sonoran Metalmark ______ (PW:22)  (In TX, in the far-west) 
    Apodemia mejicanus 

  128. Chisos Metalmark ______ (PWp:265) (K:147) (a specialty of west Texas, mainly Big Bend. Has been considered a subspecies of the Nais Metalmark, of further west.)   
    Apodemia (nais) chisosensis

  129. Mexican Metalmark ______ (PW:22) (K:149) (formerly considered to be part of the Mormon Metalmark, Apodemia mormo, now further west) 
    Apodemia duryi      
  130. Palmer's Metalmark ______ (PW:22) (K:149) (in TX, only in west)
    Apodemia palmeri

  131. Hepburn's Metalmark ______ (K:149) (in US, strays into western into west Texas, where it is sparse in the Big Bend region)  
    Apodemia hepburni

    Genus CARIA
  132. Red-bordered Metalmark _______ (PE:17) (K:151) (RG:108) (in US, only in south Texas)
    Caria ino
         (In LRGV: widespread & often common year-round)


     Genus LASAIA
  133. Blue Metalmark ______ (PE:17) (K:151) (RG:109) (in US, only in extreme south Texas) e)
    Lasaia sula
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local year-round, Can be quite common in gardens in & near Brownsville in late-summer & fall.)  


     Genus MELANIS
  134. (Red-bordered) Pixie ______ (PE:17) (K:151) (RG:110) (in US, only in extreme south Texas)
    Melanis pixe
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local, in April-May & from July to January. Populations are in the eastern LRGV near Guamachil Trees.) 


     Genus EMESIS
  135. Curve-winged Metalmark (or Curve-wing Emesia) ______ (PE:17) (K:151) (RG:111) (strays rarely from Mexico to extreme south Texas) 
    Emesis emesia
         (In LRGV: rare, in February & from May to December. Recorded most often in the fall.) 

  136. Falcate Metalmark ______ (PE:text) (K:151) (RG:112) (strays very rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Emesis tenedia
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single record in October)



     Family NYMPHALIDAE: BRUSH-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES
    Subfamily LIBYTHEINAE: SNOUTS


    Genus LIBYTHEANA
  137. American Snout ______ (PE:18)(PW:22) (K:223) (RG:115)
    Libytheana carinenta
         (In LRGV: widespread & often the most abundant species year-round)


     Subfamily HELICONIINAE: HELICONIANS & FRITILLARIES 


    Genus HELICONIUS: LONGWINGS
  138. Zebra Longwing  (ph)  ______ (PE:19)(PW:23) (K:155) (RG:125)
    Heliconius charithonia
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local year-round, in woodlands) 



    Zebra Longwing
    (photo by Doug Johnson)
  139. Crimson-patched Longwing  (or Erato Heliconian) (ph)  ______ (PE:19) (K:155) (RG:126)
    Heliconius erato
         (In LRGV: rare, with sightings in January, June, August, & December)



    Crimson-patched Longwing, or Erato Heliconian

    Genus DIONE

          
  140. Mexican Silverspot  (ph)  ______  (PE:19)(PW:23) (K:155) (RG:118,119)
    Dione moneta
         (In LRGV: occasional, from April to January)



    Mexican Silverspot
         (photo by Sherry C. Nelson)

    Genus DRYADULA
  141. Banded Longwing  (or Banded Orange Heliconian)  (ph)  ______ (PE:19) (K:155) (RG:120)
    Dryadula phaetusa
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in March, August, November)



    The Banded Longwing, or Banded Orange Heliconian


    Genus EUEIDES
  142. Isabella's Longwing  (or Isabella's Heliconian)  (ph)  ______ (PE:20)(PW:23) (K:155) (RG:124)
    Eueides isabella 
         (In LRGV: rare, with records throughout much of the year. Most sightings are from October to December.) 



    An Isabella's Longwing, or Heliconian
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

    Genus AGRAULIS
  143. Gulf Fritillary  (ph)  ______ (PE:19)(PW:23) (K:157) (RG:116,117)
    Agraulis vanillae
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    Gulf Fritillary
    (photo by Howard Eskin)


         Genus DRYAS 
  144. Julia (Heliconian)  (ph)  ______ (PE:19)(PW:23) (K:157) (RG:122,123)
    Dryas julia
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local year-round)



    Two photos of Julias
    Genus EUPTOIETA
  145. Variegated Fritillary  (ph)  ______ (PE:3,20)(PW:23) (K:157) (RG:127)
    Euptoieta claudia
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    Variegated Fritillary
    (photo by Howard Eskin)

  146. Mexican Fritillary  (ph)  ______ (PE:20)(PW:23) (K:157) (RG:128) (in US, regular only in south Texas)
    Euptoieta hegesia
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local most of the year, particularly in March & from July to December)

     

    Mexican Fritillary 


         Subfamily NYMPHALINAE: BRUSHFOOTS (CRESCENTS, CHECKERSPOTS, & PATCHES)


     Genus PHYCIODES: CRESCENTS
  147. Pearl Crescent ______ (PE:22)(PW:28) (K:177) (RG:146,147)
    Phyciodes tharos
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

  148. Mylitta Crescent ______ (K:179) (in TX, in far-west)
    Phyciodes mylitta

  149. Vesta Crescent (*) ______ (PE:21)(PW:27) (K:181) (RG:143)
    Phyciodes vesta
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

  150. Phaon Crescent  (*) ______  (PE:21)(PW:28) (K:181) (RG:144,145)
    Phyciodes phaon
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

  151. Painted Crescent ______ (PE:21)(PW:28) (K:181)
    Phyciodes picta

  152. Texan Crescent  (ph)  ______ (PE:21)(PW:27) (K:183) (RG:139)
    Phyciodes texana
     (In LRGV: common, but local, year-round)



    Texan Crescent

  153. Pale-banded (or Tulcis) Crescent ______ (PW:27) (K:183) (RG:140) (in US, resident in south Texas; strays to west Texas)
    Phyciodes tulcis
         (In LRGV: rare & local, in March, May, & from October to December. Most records in the fall.) 

  154. Black Crescent ______ (PE:21) (K:183) (RG:141) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas) 
    Phyciodes ptolyca 
         (In LRGV: very rare, with records in March & December)

  155. Chestnut Crescent ______ (K:text) (RG:142) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Phyciodes argentea
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in November & December. Fairly common in nearby Mexican mountains.)


    Genus DYMASIA
  156. Tiny Checkerspot  (ph)  ______ (PE:18)(PW:27) (K:181) (RG:137) (in TX, in southwest & south)
    Dymasia dymas
         (In LRGV: rare & local, in October & November)

    Above & below: the Tiny Checkerspot, a variable species,
    phootgraphed during FONT tours
    (upper photo by Marie Gardner; lower photo by Rise Hill)





    Genus TEXOLA
  157. Elada Checkerspot ______ (PE:18)(PW:27) (K:181) (RG:138) (in TX, in west, south-central, & south) 
    Texola elada
         (In LRGV: common, but local, from February to December)


     Genus MICROTIA
  158. Elf ______ (PE:21)(PW:27) (K:183) (RG:136) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Microtia elva
     (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in August) 


     Genus CHLOSYNE: PATCHES
  159. Silvery Checkerspot  (ph)  ______ (PE:21) (PW:27) (K:185) (in TX, in the east)
    Chlosyne nycteis



    Silvery Checkerspot
         (photo by Howard Eskin)
  160. Gorgone Checkerspot ______ (PE:21)(PW:27) (K:185)
    Chlosyne gorgone
  161. Bordered Patch  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:21) (PW:26) (K:189) (RG:130)
    Chlosyne lacinia
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    Bordered Patch
  162. Crimson Patch  (ph)  ______ (PE:21) (PW:26) (K:189) (RG:133) (in US, only in south Texas)
    Chlosybe janais
         (In LRGV: occasional, most likely from October to December, but has also been seen in July)

     

    Crimson Patch
  163. Rosita Patch  (ph)  ______ (PE:21) (PW:26) (K:189) (RG:134) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Chlosybe rosita
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single historical record in October)



    A Rosita Patch with other butterflies
    (photo by Marie Gardner)


  164. Red-spotted Patch ______ (PE:21) (PW:26) (K:189) (RG:135) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Chlosyne melitaeoides
         (In LRGV: historical records only. There was a series of records in Starr County TX 1973-76, all in October.)

  165. Definite Patch ______ (PE:21) (PW:26) (K:191) (RG:131) (rare & local in west & south Texas)
    Chlosyne definita
         (In LRGV: common, but local, with sporadic populations from July to January)

  166. Banded Patch ______ (PE:21) (PW:text) (K:191) (RG:132) (in US, only in south Texas)
    Chlosyne endeis
         (In LRGV: very rare, in March & from October to December)

  167. Fulvia Checkerspot ______ (PE:19) (PW:26) (K:191)
    Chlosyne fulvia      (formerly Thessalia fulvia)

    The genus THESSALIA was merged into CHLOSYNE in 2000.
  168. Theona Checkerspot  ______ (PE:19)(PW:26) (K:193) (RG:129)
    Chlosyne theona      (formerly Thessalia theona)
         (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, from March to January.) 

    The Theona Checkerspot is a butterfly of more arid areas. It can be abundant in areas dominated by ceniza.)  

  169. Chinati Checkerspot ______ (K:193) 
    Chlosyne chinatiensis      (formerly Thessalia chinatiensis)

    The Chinati Checkerspot is local in west Texas. In total, it has a limited range, and some consider it to be a subspecies of the Theona Checkerspot.


         Genus POLADRYAS
  170. Dotted Checkerspot ______ (PE:18)(PW:26) (K:193)
    Poladryas arachne


     Genus EUPHYDDRYAS
  171. Baltimore Checkerspot ______ (PE:22)(PWp:315) (In TX, in the east)
    Euphydryas phaeton   
    Subfamily NYMPHALINAE: ANGLEWINGS, LADIES, & BUCKEYES


     Genus POLYGONIA: ANGLEWINGS
  172. Question Mark  (ph)  ______ (PE:4,22)(PW:29) (K:197) (RG:148,149)
    Polygonia interrogationis
         (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round) 

    Question Mark

  173. Eastern Comma  (ph)  ______ (PE:22)(PW:29) (K:197)
    Polygonia comma



    Above & below: the Eastern Comma
         (photos by Marie Gardner)



         Another Eastern Comma in the photo below with a Mourning Cloak.


    Genus NYMPHALIS: TORTOISESHELLS
  174. Mourning Cloak  (ph)  ______ (PE:23)(PW:29) (K:203) (RG:150)
    Nymphalis antiopa
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in April. Widespread throughout the US.)



    Mourning Cloak (left) & Eastern Comma (right)
    (photo by Doris Potter)


         Genus VANESSA: LADY BUTTERFLIES
  175. Red Admiral  (ph)  ______ (PE:23)(PW:29) (K:203) (RG:154)
    Vanessa atalania
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round, but most abundant  in fall & winter)



    Above & Below: Two photos of Red Admirals
    (Hard to believe it's the same creature!)
    (both photos by Marie Gardner)




  176. American Lady  (ph)  ______ (PE:23)(PW:29) (K:205) (RG:151)
    Vanessa virginiensis
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

    Above & below: the American Lady
    (photo above by Howard Eskin,
     two photos below by Marie Gardner)







  177. Painted Lady  (ph)  ______ (PE:3,23)(PW:29) (K:205) (RG:152)
    Vanessa cardui
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    Painted Lady
     (photo by Howard Eskin)
  178. West Coast Lady ______ (PE:23)(PW:29) (K:205) (RG:153) (in TX, generally in the far-west)
    Vanessa annabella
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in April & November)


         Genus HYPOLIMNAS
  179. Mimic  (ph)  ______  (PE:27) (RG:text) (This species is African in origin, and it is thought that it was introduced into the Americas during the slave trade, or that it may have been brought to the West Indies and subsequently immigrated further into North America from Florida.)   
    Hypolimnas misippus
     (In LRGV: very rare, with a single August record)


     Genus JUNONIA: BUCKEYES
     
  180. Common Buckeye  (ph)  ______ (PE:23)(PW:30) (K:207) (RG:156,157)
    Junonia coenia
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round) 



    Common Buckeye on Goldenrod
    (photo by Howard Eskin)

  181. Tropical Buckeye ______ (PE:23)(PW:30) (K:207) (RG:158) (a Mexican species, along the TX-MX border)  
    Junonia genoveva
     (In LRGV: widespread, but rare, year-round)

  182. Mangrove Buckeye ______ (PE:23) (RG:159) (Like a melanistic, or "dark" Tropical Buckeye. The Buckeye complex is not fully understood.)
    Junonia evarete
     (In LRGV: rare & local, found only near the coast at scattered times of the year - March, April, October, & November. Limited to black mangroves.) 


         Genus ANARTIA
     
  183. White Peacock  (ph)  ______ (PE:24) (PW:30) (K:209) (RG:160) (in TX in far-south; strays further north)
    Anartia jatrophae
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)



    White Peacock
  184. Banded Peacock  (ph)  ______ (PE:24) (PW:30) (K:209) (RG:161)  (in US, in far-southern Texas)
    Anartia fatima 
         (In LRGV: rare, from March to January)






    Two photographs of Banded Peacocks
    (upper photo by Marie Gardner; lower photo by Doug Johnson)


     Genus SIPROETA
  185. Malachite  (ph)  ______ (PE:26) (PW:30) (K:209) (RG:162) (strays from the tropics (Mexico) to southern Texas)
    Siproeta stelenes
         (In LRGV: widespread, but occasional, year-round. One of the Valley's most outstanding & easily recognized species.) 

     

    Malachite
  186. Rusty-tipped Page  (ph)  ______ (PW:30) (K:209) (RG:163) (a relative of the Malachite that strays very rarely from the tropics to Texas)
    Siproeta epaphus
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single November record)



    Rusty-tipped Page
    (photo by Rosemary Lloyd)


     Subfamily LIMENITIDINAE: ADMIRALS, BLUEWINGS, CRACKERS, & DAGGERWINGS - These butterflies are found on most continents. They are often characterized by their flap-and-glide flight.


    Genus LIMENITIS: ADMIRALS
      

  187. Red-spotted Purple  (ph)  ______ (PE:24)(PW:30) (K:211) (RG:164,165)
    Limenitis arthemis astyanax     (conspecific with more-northerly White Admiral)
    (In LRGV: very rare, with a single November record. This lone record was of the western subspecies, Limenitis arthemis arizonensis.) 












    Two photos above of Red-spotted Purples
     (photos by Howard Eskin)
     

  188. Viceroy  (ph)  ______ (PE:3,24)(PW:30) (K:211) (RG:166)
    Limenitis archippus
         (In LRGV: very rare & local along the Rio Grande & at ponds, from April to November. Larval foodplants are limited to willows.)

         The Viceroy is a mimic of the widespread and conspicuous (but distasteful) Monarch. The Viceroy is recognized by its postmedian black line on the hindwing and a SINGLE row of white spots in the black marginal band. Both of these characteristics can be seen in the photo below.



    Above & below: the Viceroy
         (upper photo by Doris Potter; lower photo by Marie Gardner)





         Genus ADELPHA
      
  189. California Sister (*) ______ (PE:24)(PW:30) (K:213) (RG:168) (fairly common in oak woodlands in west & northwest TX. Larval foodplants are limited to oaks.)
    Adelpha bredowii 
     (In LRGV: very rare, with a single November record)

  190. Band-celled Sister ______ (PE:24) (K:213) (RG:167) (strays regularly from Mexico to Texas)  (This species has also been called the "Mexican Sister", but in Mexico there are 20 species of sisters (in the genus Adelpha).  
    Adelpha lessonia
         (In LRGV: rare, but reported every month except May & June. Larval foodplants are limited to hackberries.)

  191. Spot-celled Sister ______ (PE:24) (RG:169) (This species is sometimes called the Tropical Sister.)
    Adelpha basiloides
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single November record. Larval foodplants include members of the madder family, none of which are known in the US.)


     Genus EPIPHILE
  192. Common Banner ______ (PE:25) (K:225) (RG:170)
    Epiphile adrasta
         (In LRGV: rare, from October to January. Occurs at overripe fruit.)


     Genus MYSCELIA
  193. Mexican Bluewing ______ (PE:24)(PWp:336) (K:217) (RG:171) (This is a spectacular butterfly on the upperside.) (In TX, mainly in the south; a very rare stray to west Texas.)   
    Myscelia ethusa
         (In LRGV: uncommon & local year-round, less common in winter. Occurs in shaded areas.)

  194. Blackened Bluewing ______ (PW:text) (RG:172)
    Myscelia cyananthe
         (In LRGV: very rare, with only a single historical record in October)


         Genus EUNICA

  195. Dingy Purplewing  (ph)  ______ (PE:25) (PW:30) (K:215) (RG:173)  (strays rarely from Mexico to Texas)
    Eunica monima
     (In LRGV: occasional, from June to November)



    Dingy Purplewing
  196. Large Purplewing ______ (PE:25)(PW:30) (K:215) (RG:174,175) (strays from Mexico to south Texas) (Some refer to this species as the "Mexican Purplewing" & the "Florida Purplewing", as it is a resident in south Florida.) 
    Eunica tatila
         (In LRGV: very rare, from August to October)


     Genus DYNAMINE 
  197. Blue-eyed Sailor ______ (PE:25) (K:225) (RG:176,177)  (periodic colonist and occasional resident to north-central Texas)
    Dynamine dyonis
         (In LRGV: rare & local, in June & from September to December. It is most likely to be found at or near Noseburn.)
    (Range: from central Mexico south through Central America to Colombia)

  198. Blue Sailor  (or Tithian Sailor) ______ (PW:text) (strayed from Mexico once to west Texas)
    Dynamine tithia

    Blue Sailor
    (photos by Sherry C. Nelson)

    Genus DIAETHRIA 
  199. Mexican Eighty-Eight ______ (PE:25) (has strayed very rarely from Mexico to south Texas, one such record) 
    Diaethria asteria
         (Range: resident in southern Mexico & northern Central America,) 

  200. Anna's Eighty-Eight ______ (PW:text) (stray from Mexico found once at Big Bend NP)
    Diaethria anna



    Anna's Eighty-Eight
         (photo by Sherry C. Nelson)


    Genus MESTRA
  201. Common Mestra (has also been called Amymone) ______ (PE:25)(PW:31) (K:215) (RG:178) (A resident in most of south-central Texas, it wanders northward in the late-summer & fall.)  
    Mestra amymone
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round) 


         Genus BIBLIS
  202. Red Rim  (ph)  ______ (PE:25)(PW:31) (K:215) (RG:179) (from the tropics, occurs in Texas)
    Biblis hyperia
    (In LRGV: occasional & local, with records in March, May, & from July to December. Most records in the fall. Occurs in woodlands.)



    Red Rim

    Genus HAMADRYAS: CRACKERS - Found in the American tropics. They habitually perch with wings outspread and head down on tree trunks. The "cracker" name comes from the crackling sounds made by the wings in flight. Perched individuals have a tendency to walk in short spurts.
        
  203. Red Cracker  (ph)  ______ (PE:26) (RG:180,181)
    Hamadryas amphinome
         (In LRGV: very rare, with records in January & September)



    Red Cracker (the red is on the underside of the wings)

  204. Gray Cracker  (ph)  ______ (PE:26)(PW:31) (K:217) (RG:182) (in TX, in far-south)
    Hamadryas februa
         (In LRGV: occasional, from July to December. Recorded most years.) 



    Gray Cracker
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  205. Variable Cracker  (ph) ______ (PE:26) (K:217) (RG:184) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas; recorded in TX, July to December.)  
    Hamadryas feronia
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded mainly from October to December)

  206. Guatemalan Cracker  (ph)  ______ (PE:26) (RG:186,187)
    Hamadryas guatemalena
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded in August & from October to February)
    (Range: resident from Mexico south to Costa Rica.) 



    A Guatemala Cracker photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  207. Brownish Cracker ______ (PE:26) (has strayed very rarely from Mexico to central Texas, one such record)
    Hamadryas iphthime
         (Range: from central Mexico south to Brazil.)


     Genus HISTORIS
  208. Orion Cecropian  (ph)  ______ (PE:text) (RG:188)
    Historis odius
         (In LRGV: very rare, with a single historical record in July)






    2 photos of Orion Cecropians

  209. Acheronta  (ph)  ______ (PW:31) (strays rarely to west Texas)
    Historis acheronta 

    Genus MARPESIA: DAGGERWINGS - These butterflies have a long thin "dagger" projecting from the rear portion of each hindwing. They roost under large leaves, often in small groups. 
  210. Ruddy Daggerwing  (ph)  ______ (PE:25)(PW:31) (K:219) (RG:194)  (strays north from Mexico into Texas & beyond to the northwest) 
    Marpesia petreus 
     (In LRGV: occasional, in February, April, & from July to November, most often in the summer & fall)



    Ruddy Daggerwing
  211. Waiter Daggerwing  (ph)  ______ (PE:25) (PW:text) (K:219) (RG:text) (strays rarely from the tropics, from Mexico to south Texas) 
    Marpesia zerynthia 
         (In LRGV: very rare, in July)



    A Waiter Daggerwing photographed during a FONT tour in South America
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  212. Many-banded Daggerwing  (ph)  ______  (PE:25)(PW:31) (K:219) (RG:192,193) (strays regularly from the tropics, from Mexico to Texas)
    Marpesia chiron
         (In LRGV: occasional, in February, April, & from July to October)



    Many-banded Daggerwing
     (photo by Jorge Bizarro)

    Subfamily CHARAXINAE: LEAF BUTTERFLIES

    Genus ANAEA: LEAFWINGS
      
  213. Goatweed Leafwing  (ph)  ______ (PE:25)(PW:31) (K:221) (RG:196)
    Anaea andria
     (In LRGV: uncommon & local from March to December. occurs in & adjacent to wooded areas.) 



    Goatweed Leafwing
    (photo by Doris Potter)

  214. Tropical Leafwing ______ (PE:25)(PW:31) (K:221) (RG:195) (strays regularly from Mexico to Texas)
     Anaea aidea
     (In LRGV: common, but local, year-round. Occurs in wooded, shady areas.)

  215. Angled Leafwing  (sometimes called the Crinkled Leafwing) ______ (PE:25) (PWp:343) (RG:197)
    Anaea glycerium
     (In LRGV: very rare, with single records in July & August) 

  216. Pale-spotted Leafwing (sometimes called the Blue Leafwing) ______ (PE:25) (K:221) (RG:198) (a Mexican species that's an uncommon periodic resident in south Texas)
    Anaea pithyusa
         (In LRGV: rare, in March & from July to January)


     Subfamily APATURINAE: HACKBERRY BUTTERFLIES

    Genus ASTEROCAMPA: EMPERORS
  217. Hackberry Emperor ______ (PE:26)(PW:31) (K:223) (RG:199)
    Asterocampa celtis
         (In LRGV: common, but local, from March to December)

  218. Empress Leilia  (ph)  ______ (PE:26)(PW:31) (K:223) (RG:200)
    Asterocampa leilia
     (In LRGV: common, but local, from February to December)  



    Empress Leilia
    (photo by Howard Eskin)

  219. Tawny Emperor ______ (PE:26)(PW:31) (K:223) (RG:201)
    Asterocampa clyton
         (In LRGV: common, but local, from April to February)


    Genus SMYRNA
  220. Blomfild's Beauty ______ (PE:26)(PW:31) (K:225) (RG:190)
    Smyrna blomfildia 
         (In LRGV: Very rare, from November to January)



    Blomfild's Beauty
    (photo by Sherry C. Nelson)


     Genus DOXOCOPA
  221. Pavon Emperor ______ (PE:24) (K:225) (RG:202,203) (The striking difference in color & pattern between males & females is extraordinary.)
     Doxocopa pavon
         (In LRGV: rare, in May & from August to December)

  222. Silver Emperor ______ (PE:24) (K:225) (RG:204,205)
    Doxocopa laure
         (In LRGV: rare, from July to November) 


     Subfamily DANAINAE: MONARCHS


    Genus DANAUS: ROYALTY
  223. Monarch  (ph)  ______ (PE:3,4,27)(PW:34) (K:227) (RG:210,211)
    Danaus plexippus
     (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round. Although recorded every month, it is most numerous during migrations, from February to April & in November-December. Most sightings are the butterflies passing in flight.) 






    Two photos of Monarch Butterflies
    (photos by Howard Eskin)

  224. Queen  (ph) (*) ______ (PE:27)(PW:34) (K:229) (RG:212,213)
    Danaus gilippus
     (In LRGV: widespread & abundant year-round)






    Two Photos of Queens
    (photos by Howard Eskin)

  225. Soldier  (ph)  ______ (PE:27)(PW:34) (K:229) (RG:214,215) (strays regularly from Mexico)
    Danaus eresimus
     (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, from April to January) 



    Soldier
    (photo by Marie Gardner)


         Genus: LYCOREA
  226. Tiger Mimic-Queen  (ph)  ______ (PW:text) (K:155) (similar (a mimic) to the Longwings, or Heliconians)
    Lycorea halia     (formerly cleobaea)
         (a rare stray from Mexico to Texas in Big Bend) 



    Tiger Mimic-Queen
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

    Subfamily ITHOMIINAE: CLEARWINGS


    Genus DIRCENNA

         Subfamily ITHOMIINAE: CLEARWINGS


    Genus DIRCENNA
  227. Klug's Clearwing (has also been called Klug's Dircenna) ______ (RG:208)
    Dircenna klugii
         (In LRGV: only very old, historical, records, in 1877 & 1902, in Cameron County only, in April) (Several other clearwings occur in nearby Mexico. This species is in Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosi, and Veracruz.)      


     Subfamily SATYRINAE: SATYRS & WOOD-NYMPHS
    Genus MEGISTO
  228. Red Satyr ______ (PE:27)(PW:32)(PWp:350) (K:231)
    Megisto rubricata

  229. Little Wood-Satyr  (ph)  ______ (PE:27)(PW:32) (K:231)
    Megisto cymela 



    Little Wood-Satyr
         (photo by Rise Hill)

    Genus HERMEUPTYCHIA
  230. Carolina Satyr ______ (PE:28) (K:231) (RG:207)
    Hermeuptychia sosybius
         (In LRGV: abundant, but local, year-round)


     Genus NEONYMPHA
  231. Georgia Satyr ______ (PE:28) (K:233) (This species & the Helicta Satyr, Neonympha helicta, are indistinguishable in the field. The ranges overlap.) (In TX, either, or both, in the east.)   
    Neonympha areolata  

    Genus CYLLOPSIS
  232. Gemmed Satyr ______ (PE:28) (K:235) (RG:206)
    Cyllopsis gemma
         (In LRGV: common, but local, year-round)

  233. Canyonland Satyr ______ (PW:32) (K:235)
    Cyllopsis pertepida


         Genus GYROCHEILUS
  234. Red-bordered Satyr ______  (PW:33)  (in TX, in far-west only)
    Gyrocheilus patrobas
     (in mountain forests)


         Genus CERCYONIS
  235. Common Wood-Nymph  (ph)  ______ (PE:28)(PW:32)(PWp:352) (K:237)
    Cercyonis pegala



    Common Wood-Nymph
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  236. Mead's Wood-Nymph ______  (PW:32) (K:237) (in TX, in far-west)
    Cercyonis meadii 


     Genus ENODIA: PEARLY-EYES
  237. Northern Pearly-Eye ______ (PE:27)(PW:32)  (in TX, in the northeast)
    Enodia anthedon
     
  238. Southern Pearly-Eye ______ (PE:27) (K:239) (in TX, in the east)
    Enodia portlandia 
  239. Creole Pearly-eye ______ (PE:27) (K:239) (in TX, in the east)
    Enodia creola

    Family HESPERIDAE: SKIPPERS
    Subfamily PYRRHOPYGINAE


    Genus APYRROTHRIX  (formerly part of PYRRHOPYGE)

  240. Araxes Skipper (or Dull Firetip)  (ph)  ______  (PW:35)  (in TX, only in far-west in area of Big Bend) 
    Apyrrothrix     (formerly Pyrrhopyge) araxes



    An Araxes Skipper, or Dull Firetip photographed during a FONT tour
         (photo by Doris Potter)
    Subfamily PYRGINAE: SPREAD-WING SKIPPERS     (Adults typically rest with their wings spread.)   


    Genus EPARGYREUS

  241. Silver-spotted Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:3,30)(PW:35) (K:257)
    Epargyreus clarus



    Silver-spotted Skipper
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  242. Broken Silverdrop ______ (PE:text) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Epargyreus exadeus


     Genus AUTOCHTON: BANDED SKIPPERS
  243. Golden-banded Skipper ______ (PE:31)(PW:36) (K:257)
    Autochton cellus

  244. Chisos Banded-Skipper ______  (PW:36) (K:257) (rare, found only in the oak woodlands of Big Bend National Park in west Texas)
    Autochton cincta 

    Genus ACHALARUS: HOARY EDGES
  245. Hoary Edge ______ (PE:31) (K:259)
    Achalarus lyciades
  246. Desert Cloudywing ______ (PE:text)(PW:36) (K:259) (a mostly Mexican species; in TX locally in the Big Bend area)  
    Achalarus casica

  247. Coyote Cloudywing ______ (PE:31)(PW:36) (K:265)
    Achalarus toxeus
         (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round)
  248. Jalapus Cloudywing ______ (PE:text) (K:265) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas) 
    Achalarus jalapus
         (In LRGV: very rare from July to November)

  249. Skinner's Cloudywing ______  (PW:36)  (rare stray from Mexico to south Texas)
    Achalarus albociliatus

    Genus CODATRACTUS 
  250. Arizona Skipper ______  (PW:35) (K:259) (a mostly Mexican species, in TX locally in the  Big Bend area)
    Codatractus arizonensis  

  251. White-crescent Longtail ______ (PE:text)(PW:35) (K:273) (a Mexican species occasionally reported in western & southern Texas in the summer and fall.)
    Codatractus alcaeus
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in October)


    Genus COGIA
  252. Acacia Skipper ______ (PE:text)(PW:37) (K:259) (mostly Mexican species, in TX in the southwest)
    Cogia hippalus 
     (In LRGV: very rare, in April, August & September) 

  253. Mimosa Skipper ______ (PE:31)(PW:37) (K:265) (in US, only in far-south Texas)
    Cogia calchas
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)

     
  254. Outis Skipper ______ (PE:31)(PW:37) (K:265) (rare throughout its central Texas range)
    Cogia outis
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded in April)


    Genus THORYBES: CLOUDYWINGS
  255. Southern Cloudywing ______ (PE:31)(PW:36) (K:261)
    Thorybes bathylius

         The common names given to cloudywings in North America just don't seem right. 
    The Southern Cloudywing could more aptly be called the Eastern Cloudywing.
    The Confused Cloudywing (below) might better be the Southern, or the Southeastern Cloudywing.
    And the Northern Cloudywing (below) might better be called the Common Cloudywing, as it is the most widespread species in the genus ranging further north into Canada and further south into Mexico than either the other two cloudywings just mentioned. It is also far more common and widespread than any other member of the Thorybes genus.    

  256. Northern Cloudywing  (ph)  ______ (PE:31)(PW:36) (K:261)
    Thorybes pylades
     (In LRGV: very rare, probably a stray from the north in the spring)



    Northern Cloudywing
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  257. Confused Cloudywing ______ (PE:31) (K:261)
    Thorybes confusis
  258. Drusius Cloudywing ______ (PW:37)(PWp:386) (K:263) (a mostly Mexican species, in TX locally in the Big Bend area)
    Thorybes drusius

    Genus PHOCIDES
  259. Beautiful Beamer ______
     Phocides belus
     (In LRGV: very rare, with a single April 2003 record)
  260. Guava Skipper ______ (PE:30) (K:267) (in US, only in south Texas, where it is uncommon)
    Phocides palemon
         (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round, more common in the fall) 


     Genus URBANUS: LONG-TAILED SKIPPERS
     
  261. Long-tailed Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:30)(PW:35) (K:269)
    Urbanus proteus
         (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round)

    Above & below: Long-tailed Skipper
    (photos by Rise Hill)




  262. Pronus Longtail  (has been called Short-tailed Green Longtail) ______ (PE:text)
    Urbanus pronus
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only once in October)
  263. Double-striped Longtail  ______ (as info: "the most frequently encountered green-bodied Urbanus species in most of Mexico")
    Urbanus belli
         (In LRGV: one historical sighting only in June 1968 in Brownsville)
  264. Esmeralda Longtail  ______ (PE:text)
    Urbanus esmeraldus
     (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in August)  

  265. Dorantes Longtail  (ph)  ______ (PE:30)(PW:36) (K:269) 
    Urbanus dorantes
     (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round)  

    Dorantes Longtail
    (photo by Rise Hill)

  266. Brown Longtail ______ (PE:30)(PW:36) (K:269) (in US, only resident in south Texas, has strayed from Mexico to s. California, s. Arizona & s. New Mexico.) 
    Urbanus procne
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)
  267. Teleus Longtail ______ (K:269) (in US, only in far-south Texas, where it is common)
    Urbanus teleus
         (In LRGV: rare, from May to January)

  268. Tanna Longtail ______ (PE:text)
    Urbanus tanna
         (In LRGV: very rare in June & December)

  269. Plain Longtail  (ph)  ______ (PE:text)(PW:36) 
    Urbanus simplicius 
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded in April)



    Plain Longtail
    (photo by Rise Hill)
  270. White-tailed Longtail ______ (PE:30) (K:271) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas; in TX reported spring and fall.)
    Urbanus doryssus
     (In LRGV: very rare, from March to July & in October -November)


    Genus CHIOIDES 
  271. White-striped Longtail ______ (PE:30) (PW:35) (K:271) (in TX, in the south, where it is regular)
    Chioides catillus
     (In LRGV: widespread, but uncommon, year-round)

  272. Zilpa Longtail ______ (PE:30)(PW:35) (K:271) (strays regularly from Mexico to south Texas)
    Chioides zilpa
     (In LRGV: widespread, but occasional, in March-April & from September to November)  
    Genus TYPHEDANUS
  273. Mottled Longtail ______ (PE:30) (K:271) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Typhedanus undulatus
         (In LRGV: very rare, with only historical records from August to November) 


     Genus POLYTHRIX
  274. Eight-spotted Longtail ______ (PE:30) (K:271) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas; in TX recorded spring to fall.)  
    Polythrix octomaculata
         (In LRGV: very rare, in March, & September-October)

  275. Mexican Longtail ______ (PE:text)(PW:35) (K:271) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)  
    Polythrix mexicanus
         (In LRGV: very rare, in July & October)


     Genus ZESTUSA
  276. Short-tailed Skipper ______  (PW:35) (in TX, only in the west)
    Zestusa dorus

    Genus AGUNA
  277. Gold-spotted Aguna _____ (PE:30)(PW:35) (K:273) (strays occasionally from Mexico to south Texas)
    Aguna asander
     (In LRGV: rare, from April to January)

  278. Emerald Aguna ______ (PE:text)
    Aguna claxon
     (In LRGV: rare, recorded in January & October-November) 
  279. Tailed Aguna ______ (PE:30) (K:273) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas) 
    Aguna metophis
         (In LRGV: occasional, from August to January) 


     Genus PROTEIDES
  280. Mercurial Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:30)(PW:text) (K:273)  (strays rarely to Texas from the tropics)
    Proteides mercurius
     (In LRGV: rare, recorded in April & October) 



    Mercurial Skipper
     (photo by Sherry Nelson)


    Genus EPARGYREUS
  281. Broken Silverdrop ______ (K:273)  (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Epargyreus exadeus
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in October)


     Genus POLYGONUS
  282. Hammock Skipper ______ (PE:30)(PW:35) (K:267) (strays regularly from Mexico)
    Polygonus leo
         (In LRGV: very rare, in March, April, & from September to November)

  283. Manuel's Skipper ______ (PE:text)
    Polygonus manueli
         (In LRGV: historical sightings only, from August to October)


     Genus SYSTASEA: POWDERED SKIPPERS
  284. Arizona Powdered-Skipper ______  (PW:37) (K:275)
    Systasea zampa

  285. Texas Powdered-Skipper ______  (PW:37) (K:275) 
    Systasea pulverulenta 


     Genus ACHYLODES
  286. Sickle-winged Skipper ______ (K:275) 
    Achylodes thraso

    Genus GORGYTHION
  287. Variegated Skipper ______ (PE:text) (K:275) (strays rarely from Mexico to far-southern Texas)
    Gorgythion begga

    Genus PELLICIA
  288. Glazed Skipper ______ (PE:31) (K:275) (a periodic stray from Mexico to south Texas; in TX reported March to December.)
    Pellicia arina
  289. Confused Pellicia ______ (PE:text) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Pellicia angra
  290. Morning Glory Pellica ______ (PE:text) (strays very rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Pellicia dimidiata

    Genus NISONIADES
  291. Purplish-black Skipper ______ (PE:text) (K:275) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas; in TX recorded in the fall.)
    Nisoniades rubescens

    Genus TIMOCHARES
  292. Brown-banded Skipper ______ (PE:32)(PW:37) (K:277) (a mostly Mexican species, in TX resident in the south, strays further north)
    Timochares ruptifasciatus


    Genus CABARES
  293. Potrillo Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:31) (K:277)  (a mostly Mexican species, in TX resident in the south, strays further north.)
    Cabares potrillo
     (In LRGV: uncommon, from April to February) 



    Potrillo Skipper
     (photo courtesy of Shelley Hall)


         Genus GRAIS
  294. Hermit Skipper _____ (PE:32)(PW:37) (K:277) (a Mexican species that strays to south Texas; in TX reported spring to fall.)
    Grais stigmatica


    Genus SPATHILEPIA
  295. Falcate Skipper ______ (PE:31) (K:277) (a Mexican species, periodically found in far-south Texas)
    Spathilepia clonius
         (In LRGV: rare, from May to July & October to December)


     Genus CELAENORRHINUS 
  296. Fritgaertner's Flat ______ (PE:text)(PW:37) (K:277) (strays rarely from Mexico to far-south TX) 
    Celaenorrhinus fritzgaertneri
     (In LRGV: very rare, in February, July, September, & November)

  297. Stalling's Flat ______ (PE:31) (K:277) (a stray from Mexico to south Texas; in TX recorded spring to fall.)    
    Calaenorrhinus stallingsi
         (In LRGV: very rare, in June, August, & from October to December) 


     Genus ASTRAPTES: FLASHERS
  298. Two-barred Flasher  (ph)  ______ (PE:30)(PW:36) (K:279) (a mostly Mexican species, regular at times in south Texas) 
    Astraptes fulgerator
     (In LRGV: widespread, but occasional and somewhat sporadic. Records exist for every month except February. In some years, present in good numbers, but rare or absent in others.)   



    Two-barred Flasher
     (photo by Sherry Nelson)

  299. Frosted Flasher (has been called White Flasher) _______ (PE:text) (K:279)
    Astraptes alardus
         (In LRGV: very rare, in June, and September-October)
  300. Gilbert's Flasher (Other names include Hopffer's Flasher and Mad Flasher) ______ (PE:text) (K:279)
    Astraptes gilberti
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in March & October)

  301. Small-spotted Flasher ______ (PE:text) (K:279)
    Astraptes egregius
         (In LRGV: very rare, recorded only in October)

  302. Yellow-tipped Flasher (Other names include Yellow Flasher and Dull Astraptes) ______ (PE:text) (K:279)
    Astraptes anaphus
         (In LRGV: rare, recorded in April & from September to November) 


     Genus ERYNNIS: TRUE DUSKYWINGS
  303. Juvenal's Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:281) 
    Erynnis juvenalis

  304. Horace's Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:281)
    Erynnis horatius
  305. Zarucco Duskywing ______ (PE:32) (K:281)
    Erynnis zarucco
  306. Funereal Duskywing  (ph)  ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:281)
    Erynnis funeralis



    A Funereal Duskywing photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Rosemary Lloyd)
  307. Meridian Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:283) 
    Erynnis meridianus

  308. Mournful Duskywing ______ (PE:text)(PW:38) (K:283)
    Erynnis tristis

  309. Sleepy Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:285) (in the spring, not the summer)
    Erynnis briza

  310. Rocky Mountain Duskywing ______  (PW:38) (K:285) (in TX, in the far-west)
    Erynnis telemachus

  311. Wild Indigo Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:287)
    Erynnis baptisiae
  312. Mottled Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:38) (K:287) (in TX, in the northeast) 
    Erynnis martialis  
  313. Scudder's Duskywing ______  (PW:38)  (in TX, in the west)
    Erynnis scudderi

    Genus GESTA
  314. False Duskywing ______ (PE:32)(PW:37) (K:287)
    Gesta gesta

    Genus PYRGUS: CHECKERED-SKIPPERS
  315. Common Checkered-Skipper ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:289) (can not be distinguished in the field from the White Checkered-Skipper)
    Pyrgus communis 

  316. White-checkered Skipper ______  (PW:39) (K:289) (recently determined to be species distinct from the Common Checkered-Skipper) 
    Pyrgus albescens

  317. Tropical Checkered-Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:289) 
    Pyrgus oileus



    Above & below: Tropical Checkered Skippers
    photographed during a FONT tour
    (photos by Marie Gardner)
  318. Desert Checkered-Skipper ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:289) (along TX-MX border)
    Pyrgus philetas

  319. Small Checkered-Skipper ______  (PW:39) (K:291)  (in TX, in far-west)
    Pyrgus scriptura


     Genus HELIOPETES: WHITE-SKIPPERS
  320. Erichson's White-Skipper ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:293) 
    Heliopyrgus domicella

  321. Laviana White-Skipper ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:293) (a mostly Mexican species; in TX, in the south)
    Heliopetes laviana 

  322. Turk's-Cap White-Skipper ______ (PE:33) (K:293)  
    Heliopetes macaira
  323. Veined White-Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:text) (K:293)
    Heliopetes arsalte



    Veined White-Skipper
         (photo by Jorge Bizarro)

    Genus CHIOMARA
  324. White-patched Skipper ______ (PE:32)(PW:37) (K:295) 
    Chiomara asychis 


     Genus SOSTRATA
  325. Blue-studded Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:txt)
    Sostrata nordica
    (In LRGV: a rare stray)



    Blue-studded Skipper
     (photo by Sherry Nelson) 

    Genus CARRHENES
  326. Hoary Skipper ______ (PE:31) (K:295)
    Carrhenes canescens
         (In LRGV: occasional, from February to June & October to December)


     Genus XENOPHANES
  327. Glassy-winged Skipper  (ph)  ______ (PE:32)(PW:37) (K:295)
    Xenophanes tryxus
         (In LRGV: very rare, from July to November)



    Glassy-winged Skipper
    (photo by Sherry C. Nelson)

    Genus CELOTES 
  328. Common Streaky-Skipper ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:295)
    Celotes nessus

  329. Scarce Streaky-Skipper ______ (PW:text) (K:text) (not pictured in the books, and not "identifiable in the field"; so not surprisingly said to be a "crytic" species of west Texas & northeast Mexico) 
    Celotes limpia

    Genus STAPHYLUS: SCALLOPWINGS
  330. Hayhurst's Scallopwing ______ (PE:3,31)(PW:37) (K:297)
    Staphylus hayhurstii
  331. Mazans (or Southern) Scallopwing ______ (PE:31)(PW:37) (K:297)
    Staphylus mazans
         (In LRGV: widespread & common year-round)
  332. Golden-headed Scallopwing  (ph)  ______ (PE:31)(PW:37) (K:297)
    Staphylus ceos
         (In LRGV: rare, from March to December. More common in the western portion of the LRGV.)



    A Golden-headed Scallopwing, photographed during a FONT Tour.
    (photo by Doris Potter)



         Genus BOLLA
  333. Mottled Bolla ______ (PE:31)(PW:37) (K:297) (strays rarely from Mexico to south Texas)
    Bolla clytius
     (In LRGV: very rare, from June to November)
  334. Obscure Bolla ______ (PE:text) (essentially identical with the  Mottled Bolla)
    Bolla brennus
         (In LRGV: very rare, with 1 historical record)

    Genus PHOLISORA: SOOTYWINGS
  335. Common Sootywing ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:299)
    Pholisora catullus

  336. Mexican Sootywing ______ (PE:text)(PW:39) (K:299)
    Pholisora mejicana


     Genus HESPEROPSIS
  337. Saltbrush Sootywing ______ (PE:33)(PW:39) (K:299)
    Hesperopsis alpheus


     Subfamily HETEROPTERINAE: INTERMEDIATE SKIPPERS
    Genus PIRUNA
  338. Four-spotted Skipperling ______  (PW:40) (K:301) (recently found in the Davis Mtns in west Texas) 
    Piruna polingi

  339. Chisos Skipperling ______  (PW:40) (K:301) (rare & local in pine-oak woodlands in the Chisos Mtns, in the Big Bend National Park, in west Texas)  
    Piruna haferniki 
  340. Many-spotted Skipperling ______  (PW:40) (K:301)
    Piruna cingo

  341. Small-spotted Skipperling ______ (PE:text)
    Piruna microsticta

    Subfamily HESPERIINAE:  GRASS SKIPPERS
    Genus HYLEPHILA
  342. Fiery Skipper  (ph)  ______  (PE:35) (PW:40) (K:303)
    Hylephila phyleus



    Fiery Skipper
     (photo by Rise Hill)


    Genus ANCYLOXYPHA 
  343. Common Least Skipper ______ (PW:40) (K:305)
    Ancyloxypha numitor
  344. Tropical Least Skipper ______ (PW:40) (K:305) (along TX-MX border)
    Ancyloxypha arene


     Genus COPAEODES
  345. Orange Skipperling ______  (PE:34) (PW:40) (K:305)
    Copaeodes aurantiaca

  346. Southern Skipperling ______  (PE:34) (PW:40) (K:305)
    Copaeodes minima

    Genus OARISMA
  347. Edward's Skipperling ______  (PW:40) (K:307) (in TX, in the far-west)
    Oarisma edwardsii


     Genus ADOPAEOIDES
  348. Sunrise Skipper ______  (PW:40) (K:307) (has been reported in west Texas)  
    Adopaeoides prittwitzi


     Genus LEREMA
  349. Clouded Skipper ______ (PE:34)(PW:40) (K:309)
    Lerema accius 
  350. Liris Skipper ______ (PE:text)
    Lerema liris


    Genus CYMAENES
  351. Fawn-spotted Skipper ______ (PE:34) (K:309)  (a mostly Mexican species, in TX generally uncommon in the far-south) 
    Cymaenes adilia

    Genus SYNAPTE 
  352. Malicious Skipper ______ (PE:text) (K:309)  (a Mexican species, in TX only in the far-south)
    Synapte malitiosa 
  353. Salenus Skipper ______ (PE:text) (strays rarely from Mexico to Texas)
    Synapte salenus

    Genus MONCA
  354. Violet-patched Skipper ______ (PE:33) (K:309)  (a Mexican species, in TX only in the far-south)
    Monca tyrtaeus

    Genus NASTRA: SWARTHY SKIPPERS
  355. Swarthy Skipper ______ (PE:34) (K:311)  (in TX, in the east)
     Nastra lherminier 
  356. Neamathla Skipper ______ (PE:34) (K:311)  (in TX, in the east) 
    Nastra neamathia
  357. Julia's Skipper ______ (PE:34)(PW:40) (K:311)
    Nastra julia

    Genus DECINEA
     
  358. Double-dotted Skipper ______  (PE:34) (K:311)  (also called Double-spotted Skipper)  (a Mexican species, in TX only in the far-south where rare)    
    Decinea percosius

    Genus CONGA
  359. Hidden Ray Skipper ______ (PE:text) (K:311)  (a rare stray from Mexico to far-south Texas where rare)
    Conga chydaea

    Genus VIDIUS
  360. Pale-rayed Skipper ______ (PE:33) (K:311)  (a Mexican species, in far-south Texas where rare)
    Vidius perigenes

    Genus CORTICEA
  361. Redundant Skipper ______ (PE:33) (K:311)  (strays from Mexico to far-south Texas)
    Corticea corticea


     Genus STINGA
  362. Morrison's Skipper ______  (PW:40) (K:315)  (in TX, in far-west)
    Stinga morrisoni

    Genus HESPERIA
  363. Dotted Skipper ______  (PE:35) (PW:text) (K:313)
    Hesperia attalus
  364. Green Skipper ______  (PE:35) (PW:41) (K:315)
    Hesperia viridis

  365. Pahaska Skipper ______  (PE:35) (PW:41) (K:315)  (in TX, in far-west)
    Hesperia pahaska

  366. Apache Skipper ______  (PE:34) (PW:41) (K:315)  (in TX, in west & central)
    Hesperia woodgatei

  367. Cobweb Skipper ______ (PE:34) (K:317)
    Hesperia metea
  368. Meske's Skipper ______ (PE:35) (K:319)  (in TX, in the east)
    Hesperia meskei
  369. Uncas Skipper ______  (PE:34) (W:40) (K:321)  (in TX, mostly in Panhandle)
    Hesperia uncas

  370. Ottoe Skipper ______  (PE:34) (PW:41)  (in TX, in the Panhandle)
    Hesperia ottoe

    Genus ATALOPEDES
  371. Sachem  (ph)  ______  (PE:37) (PW:42) (K:303)
    Atalopedes campestris



    Sachem
    (photo by Howard Eskin)


    Genus POLITES
  372. Whirlabout ______  (PE:35) (PW:41) (K:303)
    Polites vibex
  373. Rhesus Skipper ______  (PW:41)  (in TX, in the north)
    Polites rhesus

  374. Carus Skipper ______  (PW:41) (K:321) (in TX, in west)
    Polites carus

  375. Tawny-edged Skipper ______  (PE:35) (PW:41) (K:325) (in TX, in far-east)
    Polites themistocles

  376. Crossline Skipper ______  (PE:35) (PW:41) (K:325) (in TX, in far-northeast)
    Polites origenes

    Genus WALLENGRENIA
  377. Southern Broken-Dash ______ (PE:36) (K:327)
    Wallengrenia atha
  378. Northern Broken-Dash ______  (PE:36) (W:41) (K:327)
    Wallengrenia egeremet

    Genus POMPEIUS
  379. Little Glassywing ______  (PE:36) (PW:41) (K:327)
    Pompeius verna

    Genus POANES
  380. Umber Skipper ______  (PW:42) (K:329)  (in TX, in the west, in the Big Bend area)
    Poanes melane 

  381. Zabulon Skipper ______  (PE:36) (PW:42) (K:331)
    Poanes zabulon
  382. Broad-winged Skipper ______  (PE:37) (PWp:451) (K:333)
    Poanes viator
  383. Yehl Skipper ______ (PE:37) (K:333)  (in TX, in the far-east)
    Poanes yehl
  384. Taxiles Skipper ______  (PE:36) (W:42)  (in TX, in the west)
    Poanes taxiles

    Genus EUPHYES
  385. Dion Skipper ______ (PE:37) (K:335)  (in TX, in far-east)
    Euphyes dion
  386. Duke's Skipper ______ (PE:37) (K:335)  (in TX, in far-east)
    Euphyes dukesi
  387. Dun Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:42) (K:327)
    Euphyes vestris

    Genus ANATRYTONE
  388. Delaware Skipper  (ph)  ______  (PE:36) (PW:42) (K:337)
    Anatrytone logan



    Delaware Skipper
         (photo by Doris Potter)

    Genus ATRYTONE
  389. Arogos Skipper ______  (PE:36) (PW:42) (K:337)
    Atrytone arogos

    Genus QUASIMELLANA
  390. Common Mellana ______ (K:337)  (a regular stray from Mexico to south Texas)
    Quasimellana eulogius 

    Genus ATRYTONOPSIS
  391. Dusted Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:42) (K:339)  (in TX, mostly in Panhandle)
    Atrytonopsis hianna
  392. Viereck's Skipper ______  (PW:42) (K:339)  (in TX. in the west)
    Atrytonopsis vierecki
  393. White-barred Skipper ______  (PW:42) (K:341)  (in TX, in the west)
         Atrytonopsis pittacus
  394. Python Skipper ______  (PW:42) (K:341)  (in TX, in the west)
         Atrytonopsis python
  395. Sheep Skipper ______  (PW:43) (K:341)  (in TX, in the west, in Big Bend area)
         Atrytonopsis edwardsii


         Genus AMBLYSCIRTES:  ROADSIDE-SKIPPERS 
  396. Common Roadside-Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43)
    Amblyscirtes vialis
  397. Bronze Roadside-Skipper ______ (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:347)
     Amblyscirtes aenus

  398. Dusky Roadside-Skipper ______ (PE:38) (K:343)
    Amblyscirtes alternata
  399. Pepper and Salt Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:343)  (in TX, in far-east)
    Amblyscirtes hegon
  400. Celia's Roadside-Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:345)
    Amblyscirtes celia
  401. Bell's Roadside-Skipper ______ (PE:38) (K:346)
    Amblyscirtes belli
  402. Lace-winged Roadside-Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:345)  (in TX, in far-northeast)
    Amblyscirtes aesculapius 
  403. Texas Roadside-Skipper ______  (PW:43) (K:347)  (in TX, mostly in the west) 
     Amblyscirtes texanae

  404. Oslar's Roadside-Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:347)
    Amblyscirtes oslari
  405. Simius Roadside-Skipper ______  (PW:43) (K:347)
     "Amblyscirtes" simius
  406. Dotted Roadside-Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:349)
     Amblyscirtes eos

  407. Nysa Roadside-Skipper ______  (PE:38) (PW:43) (K:351)
     Amblyscirtes nysa
  408. Cassus Roadside-Skipper ______  (PW:43) (K:351)
     Amblyscirtes cassus
  409. Slaty Roadside-Skipper ______  (PW:43) (K:351)
     Amblyscirtes nereus

  410. Orange-headed Roadside-Skipper ______  (PW:43) (K:351)
     Amblyscirtes phylace


         Genus LERODEA
  411. Eufala Skipper  (ph)  ______  (PE:39) (PW:43) (K:353)
     Lerodea eufala

    Above & below: the Eufala Skipper
    Above, the butterfly; below, the caterpillar
    (these 3 photos courtesy of Michiel Koomen)



    Below: again a photo of the butterfly of the Eufala Skipper
  412. Olive-clouded Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:43) (K:353)
    Lerodea dysaules

    Genus OLIGORIA
  413. Twin-spot Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:353) (in TX in far-east)
    Oligoria maculata

    Genus PANOQUINA

  414. Ocola Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:43) (K:355) 
     Panoquina ocola
  415. Salt Marsh Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:355) (in TX, along Gulf Coast)
    Panoquina panoquia
  416. Obscure Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:355) (in TX, along Gulf Coast)
    Panoquina panoquinoides
  417. Hecebolus Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:355) (a regular stray from Mexico to south Texas)
    Panoquina hecebola

    Genus CALPODES
  418. Brazilian Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:43) (K:357) (mainly resident where canna thrives)
         Calpodes ethlius


         Genus THESPIEUS
  419. Chestnut-marked Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:357) (a rare stray from Mexico to south Texas)
    Thespieus macareus

    Genus NYCTELIUS
  420. Violet-banded Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:43) (K:357) (periodic stray from Mexico to south Texas) 
     Nyctelius nyctelius


         Genus PANOQUINA
  421. Purple-washed Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:357) (a stray from Mexico to south Texas)
    Panoquina sylvicola
  422. Evan's Skipper ______ (PE:39) (K:357)
    Panoquina fusina

    Genus PERICHARES
  423. Green-backed Ruby-eye ______ (K:357) (a rare stray from Mexico to south Texas; in TX reported in the late fall.)
    Perichares philetes

    Subfamily MEGATHYMINAE:  GIANT-SKIPPERS
    Genus MEGATHYMUS
     
  424. Yucca Giant-Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:44) (K:359) (flies in the spring)
     Megathymus yuccae

  425. Strecker's Giant-Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:44) (K:359) (in TX, mostly in the Panhandle)
     Megathymus streckeri

  426. Ursine Giant-Skipper ______  (PW:44) (K:359) (in TX, in the southwest)
         Megathymus ursus


         Genus AGATHYMUS
  427. Orange Giant-Skipper ______  (PW:44) (K:361) (in TX, in the west)
         Agathymus neumoegeni

  428. Mary's Giant-Skipper ______  (PW:44) (K:363) (in TX, in the west)
         Agathymus mariae

  429. Coahuila Giant-Skipper ______  (PW:44) (K:363) (in TX, in the southwest)
    Agathymus remingtoni


         Genus STALLINGSIA

  430. Manfreda Giant-Skipper ______  (PE:39) (PW:44) (K:363) (a Mexican species, in TX only in the far-south where it is quite rare)
    Stallingsia maculosa  

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