Butterflies of Mexico from Brushfoots to Skippers

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Butterflies of Mexico
including the region of
the Yucatan Peninsula

and in nearby
Belize & Guatemala

Part #2 of a 2-part List,
noting those found during
Focus On Nature Tours
in these places with an (*)

List compiled by Armas Hill

Photo at right: a GULF FRITILLARY, Agraulis vanillae
(photographed by Doris Potter)

Codes:

BZ:   occurs in Belize
GU: occurs in Guatemala
YP:   occurs in the Yucatan

(MXe): species endemic to Mexico

(MCA:xx): refers to page in the book "A Swift Guide to the Butterflies of Mexico & Central America", by Jeffrey Glassberg, published in 2007. In that book, there are approximately 3,250 photographs of butterflies.

(BAPG:xx): refers to page in the book "Butterflies of Arizona, A Photographic Guide", by Bob Stewart, Priscilla Brodkin & Hank Brodkin, published in 2001. In that book, there are excellent photos of butterflies.

(ph): species with a photo in the FONT website

Link: To Part #1 of this List, with Swallowtails, Pierids, Hairstreaks, Blues, & Metalmarks

Among the Butterfly groupings that follow here, links to:

BRUSHFOOTS:    Longwings    Fritillaries    Cecropians     Crescents, Patches, Checkerspots

Lady Butterflies    Sisters    Eighty-Eight Butterflies     Crackers     Daggerwings     Leafwings

Morpho Butterflies     Owl-Butterflies     Satyr Butterflies     Tiger Butterflies (Royalty)     Clearwings

SKIPPERS    Golf-club & Spreadwing Skippers (in PYRGINAE) inc. Firetips, Sootywings

Spreadwing Skippers (in EUDAMINAE) inc. Longtails, Flashers, Cloudywings, Scarlet-eyes

Skipperlings     Grass Skippers

In this two-part list, there are 1,340 species of butterflies.

Other Links:

Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours in Central Mexico & Mexico

Birds of: the Yucatan Region of Mexico Cozumel Island Belize Guatemala

Mammals of: Mexico Belize Guatemala Marine Life of: Belize & the Yucatan

Amphibians & Reptiles of: Mexico Belize & Guatemala

Other Lists & Photo Galleries of Butterflies & Moths Elsewhere

Directory of Photos in this Website

a VARIEGATED FRITILLARY

List of Butterflies:

          FAMILY NYMPHALIDAE: BRUSHFOOTS   Cosmopolitan, with subfamilies ranging from 8 to 25,
          depending upon taxonomic treatment.
          This is the most diverse family of butterflies, with approximately 6,000 known species worldwide.
          Brushfoot butterflies appear to be 4 rather than 6-legged, as their 2 front legs are much reduced.

          Subfamily LIBYTHEINAE: SNOUTS
          These butterflies have long palps which protrude under their head like a snout, hence their name.
          There are about 10 species which occur in South & Central America.
          They breed on members of the Celtis which belong to the Elm family, Ulmaceae.

American Snout ______ YP (MCA:79)
Libytheana carinenta

Subfamily HELICONIINAE: LONGWINGS Mostly in the American tropics. Adults of some species are long-lived, and several are distasteful. Various other species mimic the distasteful butterflies of this group.

Genera ALTINOTE & ACTINOTE
Lamplight Actinote ______ (MCA:78)
Altinote ozomene (or leucomelas)
Orange-disked Actinote ______ (MCA:78)
Altinote stratonice oaxaca (MXe) (subspecies described in 1979)
Anteas Actinote ______ (MCA:78) (another name is Doubleday's Actinote)
Actinote anteas
Guatemalan Actinote ______ (MCA:78)
Actinote guatemalena
Bow-winged Actinote ______ (MCA:78)
Actinote melampeplos
Pale Actinote ______ (MCA:78)
Actinote lapitha

Genus AGRAULIS
Gulf Fritillary (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:80)
Agraulis vanillae (has been said by some to be in the genus Dione)

Agraulis vanillae is a widespread, familiar butterfly that visits gardens to drink nectar. It is a sun-loving butterfly. The upperside is a fiery orange.
It is distinguished from the Julia, Dryas iulia, by the presence of numerous black dots on the forewing. it is silver-spotted on its underside.

Two photographs of the Gulf Fritillary
(upper photo by Doris Potter; lower photo by Howard Eskin)

Genus PHILAETHRIA
Northern Green Longwing (*) ______ YP (MCA:96) (another name is Green Heliconian)
Philaethria diatonica

Genus LAPARUS
Doris Longwing ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Dot-bordered Heliconian)
Laparus doris

Genus EUEIDES
Isabella's Longwing (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:80) (another name is Isabella's Heliconian)
Eueides isabella
Eueides isabella nigricornis subspecies in southwestern Mexico (subspecies described in 1982)
Eueides isabella eva (or zoracon) subspecies in eastern Mexico and south through Central America

An Isabella's Longwing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Fine-lined Longwing (ph) ______ YP (MCA:80) (other names are Small Julia and Least Heliconian)
Euiedes aliphera

Fine-lined Longwing
Thick-edged Longwing ______ (MCA:80) (another name is White-dotted Heliconian)
Euiedes lineata
Darkened Longwing ______ (MCA:80) (another name is Nonpassionate Heliconian)
Euides procula
Vibilia Longwing ______ (MCA:80) (another name is Acting Heliconian)
Euides vibilia

Genus DIONE Totally 4 species, depending upon taxonomy, in Central & South America. They breed on many species of passion flower, Passiflora, and they exploit secondary vegetation. Their numbers increase dramatically in areas where there has been rainforest destruction.
Mexican Silverspot ______ (MCA:80)
Dione moneta
Juno Longwing ______ YP (MCA:80) (other names are Juno Heliconian and Silverspot)
Dione juno

Genus DRYAS With a single migratory species, occurring in Central & South America and on Caribbean islands
Julia (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:80) (another name is Julia Heliconian)
Dryas iulia

The uppersides of the elongated wings of Dryas iulia are orange, unmarked but for a conspicuous black blob or band in the cell area of the forewing. The undersides are a very pale brown with small white flashes. Different races have variation of the black band and other black markings on the upperside of the forewing.
This butterfly visits open sunny and flowery areas (often wet ground), and breeds on the passion flower.

Julia

Genus DRYADULA
Banded Longwing (ph) ______ YP (MCA:80) (another name is Banded Orange Heliconian)
Dryadula phaetusa

Banded Longwing

Genus HELICONIUS: LONGWINGS Found principally in Central & South America, but also in the West Indies, and just reaching into the southern US. In Central America, including Mexico, there are 15 species.
The larvae feed on members of the passion flower family, Passifloraceae. The adults (the butterflies) are gregarious and have communal roosting spots. Adults feed on pollen, from which they derive amino acids, enabling them to live up to 9 months. The butterflies stay very much in the same localities. They are very noticeable and found in various habitats.
Zebra Longwing (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:80) (other names are simply Zebra, or Zebra Heliconian)
Heliconius charithonia

The Zebra is a graceful butterfly that is a common sight in gardens and at roadside flowers. It roosts in large clusters, returning to the same roost night after night. It is very familiar to visitors of butterfly houses as it is easy to rear.

A Zebra Longwing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Doug Johnson)
Cydno Longwing ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Grinning Heliconian)
Heliconius cydno
Crimson-patched Longwing (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:81) (another name is Erato Heliconian)
Heliconius erato
Heliconius erato cruentus subspecies in western Mexico (subspecies described in 1998)

Crimson-patched Longwing
Five-spotted Longwing ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Five-spotted Heliconian)
Heliconius hecalesia
Hecale Longwing (ph) ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Heart-spotted Heliconian)
Heliconius hecale

Heliconias hecale is a member of a color/pattern mimicry system with Charonias eurytele (in the PIERIDAE), Dismorphia eunoe (in the PIERIDAE), Napeogenes peredia (in ITHOMIINI in the NYMPHALIDAE), Eresia coela (in the NYMPHALIDAE), and a diurnal moth.

Hecale Longwing
(photo by Marie Grenouillet)
Tiger-striped Longwing (ph) ______ (MCA:80) (another name is Tiger Heliconian)
Heliconius ismenius

Heliconius ismenius is a member of a color/pattern mimicry system with Dismorphia amphiona (in the PIERIDAE), Melinaea lilis or ethra (in ITHOMIINAE in the NYMPHALIDAE), Eresia mechanitis (in the NYMPHALIDAE), Hypothyris euclea (in ITHOMIINAE in the NYMPHALIDAE), and a diurnal moth.

Tiger-striped Longwing
Mexican Longwing ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Mexican Heliconian)
Heliconius hortense
Sara Longwing ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Sara Heliconian)
Heliconius sara
Sapho Longwing ______ (MCA:81) (another name is Blue-and-white Heliconian)
Heliconius sapho

Genus EUPTOIETA
Variegated Fritillary (ph) ______ YP (MCA:79)
Euptoieta claudia

Two photographs of the Variegated Fritillary
(upper photo by Doris Potter, lower photo by Howard Eskin)
Mexican Fritillary (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:79)
Euptoieta hegesia

Mexican Fritillary

Genus SPEYERIA
Nokomis Fritillary ______ (MCA:79)
Speyeria nokomis
Callippe Fritillary ______ (MCA:79)
Speyeria callippe
Coronis Fritillary ______ (MCA:79)
Speyeria coronis

Subfamily NYMPHALINAE: TRUE BRUSHFOOTS

Genus HISTORIS
Orion Cecropian (ph) ______ YP (MCA:127)
Historis odius

The wings of the Orion Cecropian have velvety brown uppersides and cryptically-colored undersides. At rest, with the wings folded, this butterfly blends into the background which is often tree bark.

2 photos of the Orion Cecropian
Tailed Cecropian ______ (MCA:127)
Historis acheronta

Genus BAEOTUS
Graphic Beauty ______ (MCA:116)
Baeotus beotus

Genus PYCINA
Cloud-forest Beauty ______ (MCA:115)
Pycina zamba

Genus TIGRIDIA
Tiger Beauty ______ (MCA:116)
Tigridia acesta

Genus SMYRNA
Blomfild's Beauty ______ YP (MCA:115)
Smyrna blomfildia
Karwinski's Beauty ______ YP (MCA:115)
Smyrna karwinskii

Genus COLOBURA
Dirce Beauty (ph) ______ YP (MCA:116) (another name is Small Beauty)
Colobura dirce

Dirce Beauty
New Beauty ______ (MCA:116) (species described in 2001)
Colobura annulata

Genus HYPANARTIA
Godman's Mapwing ______ (MCA:95) (another name is Splendid Mapwing)
Hypanartia godmani
Orange Mapwing ______ (MCA:95)
Hypanartia lethe
Banded Mapwing ______ (MCA:95)
Hypanartia dione
Reddish Mapwing ______ (MCA:95)
Hypanartia trimaculata

Genus NYMPHALIS
Mourning Cloak (ph) ______ (MCA:93)
Nymphalis antiopa

Mourning Cloak
Mexican Tortoiseshell ______ (MCA:93)
Nymphalis cyanomelas

The Mexican Tortoiseshell occurs in montane cloud forest.

Genus POLYGONIA
Question Mark (ph) ______ (MCA:93)
Polygonia interrogationis

Question Mark
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Mexican Anglewing (MXe) ______ (MCA:93) (another name is Mexican Comma)
Polygonia g-argenteum
Spotless Anglewing (MXe) ______ (MCA:93) (another name is Spotless Comma)
Polygonia haroldi

Genus ERESIA
Clio Crescent ______ (MCA:87) (another name is Creamy Crescent)
Eresia clio
Longwing Crescent ______ (MCA:86) (another name is Square-tipped Crescent)
Eresia phillyra

Genus CASTILIA
Mimic Crescent ______ YP (MCA:86) (another name is Smudged Crescent)
Castilia eranites
Chinantian Crescent (MXe) ______ (MCA:86) (another name is Pie-slice Crescent) (species described in 1978)
Castilia chinantlensis
Chiapas Crescent (MXe) ______ (species described in 1990)
Castilia chiapaensis
White-dotted Crescent ______ (MCA:87)
Castilia ofella
Gray-based Crescent ______ (MCA:87)
Castilia griseobasalis
Mayan Crescent ______ YP (MCA:87)
Castilia myia

Genus TEGOSA
Nigrella Crescent ______ (MCA:88) (another name is Dark Tegosa)
Tegosa nigrella
Black-bordered Crescent ______ YP (MCA:88) (another name is Black-bordered Tegosa)
Tegosa anieta
Claudina Crescent ______ (MCA:88) (another name is Claudina's Tegosa)
Tegosa claudina
Guatemalan Crescent ______ (MCA:88) (another name is Guatemalan Tegosa)
Tegosa guatelmalena

Genus ANTHANASSA (or PHYCIODES)
Texan Crescent (ph) ______ (MCA:90)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) texana

A Texan Crescent photographed during a FONT tour
Ardys Crescent ______ (MCA:90) (another name is Ardent Crescent)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) ardys
Cryptic Crescent (MXe) ______
Anthanassa subota
Orange-patched Crescent ______ (MCA:90)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) drusilla
Notched Crescent ______ (MCA:91)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) dracaena
Weak-banded Crescent ______ (MCA:89)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) drymaea
Nebulosa Crescent ______ (MCA:91) (another name is Blurry Crescent)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) nebulosa
Darkened Crescent ______ (MCA:91) (another name is Black Crescent)
Anthanassa ptolyca
Montane Crescent ______ (MCA:89) (another name is Pine Crescent)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) sitalces
Chestnut Crescent ______ (MCA:89)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) argentea
Brown Crescent ______ (MCA:89)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) atronia
Blackened Crescent ______ (MCA:91) (another name is Cloud-forest Crescent)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) otanes
Pale-banded Crescent ______ YP (MCA:90)
Anthanassa (or Phyciodes) tulcis

Genus PHYCIODES
Vesta Crescent ______ (MCA:92)
Phyciodes graphica (or vesta)
Mexican Crescent (MXe) ______ (MCA:92)
Phyciodes pallescens

Phyciodes pallescens is a Mexican endemic that occurs on occasion as a stray in southeastern Arizona.
Mylitta Crescent ______ (MCA:92)
Phyciodes mylitta
Pearl Crescent ______ (MCA:92)
Phyciodes tharos
Phaon Crescent ______ YP (MCA:92)
Phyciodes phaon

Genus TEXOLA
Arizona Checkerspot ______
Texola perse
Elada Checkerspot (MXe) ______ (MCA:85)
Texola elada
Anomalus Checkerspot (MXe) ______ (MCA:85)
Texola anomalus
Coracara Checkerspot (MXe) ______
Texola coracara

Genus DYMASIA
Tiny Checkerspot (ph) ______ (MCA:85)
Dymasia dymas

Above & below: the Tiny Checkerspot, a variable species,
photographed during FONT tours in Mexico
(upper photo by Marie Gardner; lower photo by Rise Hill)

Genus MICROTIA
Elf ______ YP (MCA:95)
Microtia elva

Genus CHLOSYNE: PATCHES & CHECKERSPOTS
Crimson-patch Checkerspot (ph) ______ YP (MCA:82) (another name is Crimson Patch)
Chlosyne janais

The Crimson-patch Checkerspot, or Crimson Patch
White-rayed Checkerspot (MXe) ______ (MCA:83) (another name is White-rayed Patch)
Chlosyne ehrenbergii
Definite Checkerspot ______
Chlosyne definita
Eumeda Checkerspot ______
Chlosyne eumeda
Marina Checkerspot (MXe) ______ (MCA:83) (another name is Red-spotted Patch)
Chlosyne marina
Melitaeoides Checkerspot (MXe) ______
Chlosyne melitaeoides

Chlosyne melitaeoides is a Mexican endemic that occurs as a stray in south Texas.
Bordered Patch (ph) ______ YP (MCA:82)
Chlosyne lacinia

Bordered Patches, photographed during a FONT tour
(photos by Doris Potter)
Kendall's Checkerspot (MXe) ______ (MCA:84) (another name is Nuevo Leon Checkerspot)
Chlosyne kendallorum
Erodyle Checkerspot ______ YP (MCA:83) (another name is Guatemalan Patch)
Chlosyne erodyle
Banded Checkerspot ______ (MCA:85) (another name is Banded Patch)
Chlosyne endeis
Cream-banded Checkerspot ______ (MCA:83) (another name is Black Patch)
Chlosyne melanarge
Simple Patch ______ YP (MCA:83)
Chlosyne hippodrome
Rosita Checkerspot (ph) ______ (MCA:82) (another name is Rosita Patch)
Chlosyne rosita

A Rosita Checkerspot with some other butterflies
photographed during a FONT tour in Mexico
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Theona Checkerspot ______ YP (MCA:84)
Chlosyne theona (formerly Thessalia theona)

The genus Thessalia was merged into Chlosyne in 2000.
Gaudy Checkerspot ______ YP (MCA:83)
Chlosyne gaudialis

Another name for Chlosyne gaudialis is Gaudy Patch.
Cyneas Checkerspot ______ (MCA:84)
Chlosyne cyneas (formerly Thessalia cyneas)

Another name for Chlosyne cyneas is Black Checkerspot.
Oaxacan Checkerspot (MXe) ______
Chlosyne cynisca
Fulvia Checkerspot ______ (MCA:84)
Chlosyne fulvia (formerly Thessalia fulvia)
Chinati Checkerspot ______ (MCA:84)
Chlosyne chinatiensis
Sagebrush Checkerspot ______ (MCA:84)
Chlosyne acastus
Leanira Checkerspot ______ (MCA:84)
Chlosyne leanira (formerly Leanira Checkerspot)

Genus POLADRYAS
Dotted Checkerspot ______ (MCA:85)
Poladryas minuta (or simador)
Arachne Checkerspot ______ (MCA:85)
Poladryas arachne

Genus VANESSA: LADY BUTTERFLIES A widespread group of strong fliers, sometimes migratory, with bright oranges and reds.
Red Admiral (ph) ______ YP (MCA:93)
Vanessa atalania

Two photographs of Red Admirals
(above photo by Marie Gardner; lower photo of one on thistle by Howard Eskin)
American Lady (ph) ______ YP (MCA:93)
Vanessa virginiensis

An American Lady photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Doris Potter)
Painted Lady (ph) ______ YP (MCA:93)
Vanessa cardui

Painted Ladies
(upper photo by Doris Potter; lower photo by Howard Eskin)
West Coast Lady ______ (MCA:93)
Vanessa annabella

Genus JUNONIA: BUCKEYES The common name is from the false eyes that are prominent on the wings. This is a widespread grouping, found nearly throughout much of the world.
Northern Buckeye (ph) ______ (MCA:94)
Junonia coenia

A Northern or Common Buckeye
photographed during a FONT tour (in Arizona)
(photo by Doris Potter)
Tropical Buckeye ______ BZ YP (MCA:94) (in Mexico & Central America, mainly at lower elevations)
Junonia evarete
Junonia evarete nigrosuffusa ______ Dark Buckeye (MCA:94) subspecies from the sw US & Texas to southern Mexico

The Tropical Buckeye and the Mangrove Buckeye are practically indistinguishable. Both often settle on open ground.
Mangrove Buckeye ______ BZ YP (MCA:94) (in Gulf Coast mangroves south at least to Belize & probably elsewhere in Central America)
Junonia genoveva

Genus HYPOLIMNAS
The Mimic (ph) ______ YP
Hypolimnas misippus

The Mimic occurs along the coasts of the Yucatan, apparently as strays from further south.

Above & below: the Mimic
Above a male, below a female.

Genus ANARTIA 4 species found from the southern US to South America, and in the West Indies. They are among the more common butterflies in the tropics. They are swift fliers, and bear some resemblance to members of the CYNTHIA genus.
White Peacock (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:94)
Anartia jatrophae

The White Peacock is a common butterfly of open country, roadsides, beaches and wasteland, often with other species such as the Buckeye.

White Peacock
Banded Peacock (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:94)
Anartia fatima

A Banded Peacock photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Doug Johnson)

Genus SIPROETA
Malachite (ph) ______ YP (MCA:96)
Siproeta stelenes (has also been said to be in the genus Metamorpha)

The Malachite is a beautiful butterfly that has vivid green in large blotches and bands on a dark background. Usually a solitary flier, but it does congregate in numbers around rotting fruit. It is on the wing all year in the tropics.

Malachite
Rusty-tipped Page (ph) ______ (MCA:96)
Siproeta epaphus

Above: Two photos of the Rusty-tipped Page.
The lower photo taken during a FONT tour.
(lower photo by Rosemary Lloyd)
Broad-banded Page ______ (MCA:96)
Siproeta superba

Subfamily LIMENITIDINAE: ADMIRALS & SISTERS

Genus LIMENITIS
Red-spotted Admiral (ph) ______ (MCA:108) (another name is Red-spotted Purple)
Limenitis arthemis

The Red-spotted Admiral, or Red-spotted Purple
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Weidemeyer's Admiral ______
Limenitis weidemeyerii
Viceroy (ph) ______ (MCA:108)
Limenitis archippus

The Viceroy is a mimic of the widespread and conspicuous (but distasteful) Monarch. The Viceroy is recognized by its postmedian black line on the hindwing and a SINGLE row of white spots in the black marginal band. Both of these characteristics can be seen in the photo below.

Viceroy
(photo by Marie Gardner)

Genus ADELPHA: SISTERS Over a hundred species which are among the most common and characteristic butterflies of the Neotropics. They occur from Central America south to Argentina, with some in the West Indies. Throughout their range, they can be found from sea level to 8 or 9,000 feet.
These butterflies share the characteristic of an orange patch at the apex of the forewing.
Band-celled Sister (*) ______ YP (MCA:97)
Adelpha fessonia
Spot-celled Sister ______ YP (MCA:97)
Adelpha basiloides
Mexican Sister (MXe) ______ (MCA:99)
Adelpha bredowii
Arizona Sister ______
Adelpha eulalia
California Sister ______
Adelpha californica
Short-tailed Sister ______ (MCA:98) (another name is Tailed Sister)
Adelpha diocles
Paroeca Sister ______ (MCA:99) (another name is Eyed Sister)
Adelpha paroeca
Confusing Sister ______ YP (MCA:97)
Adelpha iphicleola
Bates' Sister ______ YP
Adelpha paraena
Adelpha paraena massilia ______ Massilia Sister (MCA:97)
Nea Sister ______ YP
Adelpha nea
Adelpha nea sentia ______ Sentia Sister (another name is Scarce Sister) (MCA:98) subspecies in southeast Mexico, including Oaxaca & Veracruz, & the Yucatan, and Belize
Serpa Sister ______
Adelpha serpa
Adelpha serpa celerio ______ Celerio Sister (another name is Celadon Sister) (MCA:97)
Godman's Sister ______ (MCA:97) (another name is Dentate Sister)
Adelpha seriphia
Pithy Sister ______ (MCA:98)
Adelpha pithys
Donysa Sister ______ (MCA:98) (another name is Montane Sister)
Adelpha donysa
Iphiclus Sister (ph) ______ (MCA:99) (another name is Pointer Sister)
Adelpha iphiclus (or massilides)

Iphiclus, or Pointer Sister
Etheida Sister ______ (MCA:101) (another name is Silver-banded Sister)
Adelpha etheida
Cytherea Sister ______ (MCA:98) (another name is Smooth-banded Sister)
Adelpha cytherea
Golden-banded Sister ______ (MCA:101)
Adelpha salmoneus
Diaz's Sister (MXe) ______ (MCA:99) (also called Mexican Sister)
Adelpha diazi
Naxia Sister ______ YP (MCA:99) (another name is Three-part Sister)
Adelpha naxia
Venezuelan Sister ______ YP (MCA:99)
Adelpha malea
Adelpha malea fundania ______ Fundamia Sister (MCA:99)
Barnes' Sister ______ YP
Adelpha barnesia
Adelpha barnesia leucas ______ Leucas Sister (MCA:99)
Boeotia Sister ______ (MCA:100)
Adelpha boeotia
Adelpha boeotia oberthurii (or jacquelinae) ______ Oberthur's Sister (MCA:100)
Delinita Sister ______ (MCA:100)
Adelpha delinita
Adelpha delinita utina (or escalantei) ______ Utina Sister (MCA:100)
Erotia Sister ______ (MCA:100) (another name is Stitched Sister)
Adelpha erotia
Phylaca Sister ______ YP (MCA:100) (another name is Cecropia Sister)
Adelpha phylaca
Rayed Sister ______ (MCA:101)
Adelpha (lycorias) melanthe
Yellow-striped Sister ______ (MCA:101) (another name is Orange-striped Sister)
Adelpha leuceria
Tawny-striped Sister ______ (MCA:101) (another name is Veracruz Sister)
Adelpha leucerioides
Erymanthis Sister ______ (MCA:100) (also called Godman's Sister)
Adelpha erymanthis
Lorza's Sister ______ (MCA:100) (another name is Orange-washed Sister)
Adelpha cocala
Felder's Sister ______ (MCA:98) (another name is Rusty Sister)
Adelpha felderi
Salus Sister ______ (MCA:101) (another name is Lost Sister)
Adelpha salus
Miller's Sister ______ (MCA:100) (another name is Cloistered Sister)
Adelpha milleri

Subfamily BIBLIDINAE

Genus BOLBONEURA
Variable Banner ______ (MCA:107) (another name is Crinkled Banner)
Bolboneura sylphis

Genus EPIPHILE
Common Banner ______ (MCA:106)
Epiphile adrasta
Plutonia Banner ______ (MCA:106) (another name is Blue-and-orange Banner)
Epiphile iblis
Beautiful Banner ______ (MCA:106) (species described in 1978)
Epiphile hermosa

Genus DYNAMINE
Mexican Sailor ______ YP (MCA:102) (another name is Four-spotted Sailor)
Dynamine postverta
Blue-eyed Sailor ______ YP (MCA:102)
Dynamine dyonis
White Sailor ______ YP (MCA:103)
Dynamine theseus
Little Sailor ______ (MCA:103)
Dynamine ate
Small-eyed Sailor ______ (MCA:102)
Dynamine artemisia

Genus PYRRHOGYRA
Double-banded Banner ______ YP (MCA:103) (another name is White-edged Red-ring)
Pyrrhogyra otolais
Green-spotted Banner ______ YP (MCA:103) (another name is Complete Red-ring)
Pyrrhogyra edocla
Banded Banner ______ YP (MCA:103) (another name is Leading Red-ring)
Pyrrhogyra neaerea

Genus TEMENIS
Orange Banner ______ YP (MCA:107)
Temenis laothoe

Genus NICA
Little Banner ______ YP (MCA:107)
Nica flavilla

Genus CALLICORE
Six-spotted Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:104)
Callicore lyca
Blue-stitched Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:104)
Callicore astarte
Two-eyed Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:104)
Callicore pitheas
Yellow-rimmed Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:104)
Callicore texa
Blue-and-orange Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:104)
Callicore tolima

Genus DIAETHRIA
Anna's Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:105)
Diaethria anna
West Mexican Eighty-eight (MXe) ______
Diaethria asteria
Astala Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:105) (another name is Navy Eighty-eight)
Diaethria astala
White-patched Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:105)
Diaethria bacchis
Orange-striped Eighty-eight ______ (MCA:105)
Diaethria pandama

Genus BIBLIS A single species. Breeds on Traiga, a species of spurge.
Red Rim (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:107)
Biblis hyperia

The Red Rim is quite variable throughout its range. It is a fairly slow flyer that frequents open ground, feeding often on rotting fruit, but often settling. with open wings, on green vegetation. It can be common.

Red Rim

Genus MESTRA
Northern Mestra ______ YP (MCA:107) (another name is Common Mestra)
Mestra amymone

Genus NESSAEA
Northern Nessaea ______ YP (MCA:107) (another name is Common Olivewing)
Nessaea aglaura

Ggenus MYSCELIA
Blackened Bluewing (MXe) _____ (MCA:108)
Myscelia cyananthe

Myscelia cyananthe is a Mexican endemic that does on occasion stray to southern Arizona, southern New Mexico, and southern California in the US.
Whitened Bluewing ______ YP (MCA:108)
Myscelia cyaniris
Mexican Bluewing (*) ______ YP (MCA:108)
Myscelia ethusa

Genus CATONEPHELE
West Mexican Banner (MXe) ______ (MCA:109) (species described in 1982)
Catonephele cortesi
East Mexican Banner ______ YP (MCA:109) (another name is Guatemalan Catone) (species described in 1985)
Catonephele mexicana
Blue-frosted Banner (ph) ______ (MCA:109) (another name is Spotlight Catone)
Catonephele numilia

Two Blue-frosted Banners (or Stoplight Catones) photographed during FONT tours
Above: a male; below: a female
(the lower photo by Virginia Woodhouse in March 2012)

Genus EUNICA There are from some say 40 or so to maybe 60 species in this genus in Central & South America, and in the Greater Antilles, with most, however, occurring exclusively in upper Amazonian basin. They live mostly in primary forest, and have a preference for sub-montane habitats. Like most NYMPHALIDS, they are attracted to putrefying fruit. Most species are medium-sized with dull coloring and SATYRID-like ocelli and markings below.
Florida Purplewing (ph) ______ YP (MCA:111)
Eunica tatila

Florida Purplewing
Dingy Purplewing (ph) ______ YP (MCA:111)
Eunica monima

Dingy Purplewing
Rayed Purplewing ______ (MCA:110) (species described in 1990)
Eunica malvina
Blind Purplewing ______ (MCA:110)
Eunica mygdonia
Plain Purplewing ______ (MCA:110)
Eunica sydonia
Blue-celled Purplewing ______ (MCA:111)
Eunica volumna
Shining Purplewing ______ (MCA:111)
Eunica alpais
Mottled Purplewing ______ (MCA:111)
Eunica caelina
Dark Purplewing ______ (MCA:110)
Eunica alcmena
Rounded Purplewing ______
Eunica pomona

Genus HAMADRYAS: the CRACKERS, also called "CALICO BUTTERFLIES"
Red Cracker (ph) ______ YP (MCA:112)
Hamadryas amphinome

Red Cracker (the red is on the other side of the wings)
Gray Cracker (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:113)
Hamadryas februa

A Gray Cracker on a treetrunk, photographed during the FONT March 2009 Yucatan, Mexico Tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Glaucous Cracker ______ (MCA:114)
Hamadryas glauconome
Yucatan Cracker ______ YP (MCA:113) (species endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula)
Hamadryas julitta (or honorina)
Black-patched Cracker ______ (MCA:112,113)
Hamadryas atlantis
Variable Cracker ______ YP (MCA:114)
Hamadryas feronia
Guatemalan Cracker (ph) ______ YP (MCA:114)
Hamadryas guatemalena

A Guatemalan Cracker photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Brownish Cracker ______ (MCA:113)
Hamadryas iphthime
Orange Cracker ______ (MCA:112)
Hamadryas fornax
Starry Cracker ______ (MCA:112,113)
Hamadryas laodamia

Genus ECTIMA
Northern Ectima ______ (MCA:103) (another name is Northern Crackerlet)
Ectima erycinoides

Subfamily CYRESTINAE: DAGGERWINGS

Genus MARPESIA: DAGGERWINGS Mostly Central & South American butterflies, but also occurs in Africa.

Called "DAGGERWINGS" after the long tail on each hindwing. These butterflies, some of which are dimorphic, engage in mud-puddling.
Many-banded Daggerwing ______ YP (MCA:117)
Marpesia chiron
Ruddy Daggerwing (ph) ______ YP (MCA:117)
Marpesia petreus

Ruddy Daggerwing
Orange-banded Daggerwing ______ (MCA:117)
Marpesia corita
Pale Daggerwing ______ (MCA:117)
Marpesia harmonia
Waiter Daggerwing ______ (MCA:117)
Marpesia zerynthia

Genus AGRIAS
Great Agrias ______ (MCA:118)
Agrias aedon
White-spotted Agrias ______ (MCA:118)
Agrias amydon

Genus ARCHAEOPREPONA
White-spotted Prepona ______ (MCA:118)
Archaeoprepona amphimachus
One-spotted Prepona ______ YP (MCA:118)
Archaeoprepona demophon
Two-spotted Prepona (ph) ______ YP (MCA:118)
Archaeoprepona demophoon
Archaeoprepona demophoon gulima ______ subspecies from eastern Mexico to the Amazon basin
Archaeoprepona demophoon mexicana ______ subspecies in western Mexico (subspecies described in 1993)

Two-spotted Prepona
Three-toned Prepona ______
Archaeoprepona meander
Falcate Prepona ______ (MCA:118)
Archaeoprepona phaedra

Genus PREPONA
Orange-spotted Prepona ______ (MCA:119)
Prepona deiphile
Least Prepona ______ (MCA:119)
Prepona dexamenus
Yellow-tufted Prepona ______ YP (MCA:119) (another name is Feathered Prepona)
Prepona laertes
Mottled Prepona ______ YP (MCA:119)
Prepona pylene

Genera ANAEA, FOUNTAINEA, & MEMPHIS: LEAFWINGS This grouping of about 120 species occurs in Central & South America and on Caribbean islands. They are similar in behavior to the African genus CHARAXES.
MEMPHIS is said now, by some, to be a subgenus of ANAEA.

These are called LEAFWING BUTTERFLIES because the undersides of their wings are leaf-like and so disguise the butterflies when they settle on the ground. Some species are sexually dimorphic.
The larvae feed on members of the Euphorbiacae (spurges), Piperaceae (peppers), and Lauraceae.)

The Florida Leafwing (above), of Florida and Caribbean islands has been said
to be a subspecies of the Tropical Leafwing (below) of mostly Mexico & Central America.
Tropical Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:121)
Anaea aidea
Goatweed Leafwing ______ (MCA:121)
Anaea andria

A Goatweed Leafwing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Doris Potter)
Rayo Leafwing (MXe) ______ (species described in 1978)
Fountainea rayoensis
Noble Leafwing ______ (MCA:120,121)
Fountainea (or Anaea) nobilis
Pointed Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:120)
Fountainea (or Anaea) eurypyle
Ryhea Leafwing ______ (MCA:120) (another name is Blue-barred Leafwing)
Fountainea (or Anaea) ryphea
Thorn-scrub Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:120) (another name is Pear-winged Leafwing)
Anaea halice
Anaea halice tehuana ______ subspecies in western Mexico, Jalisco to Chiapas
Anaea halice martinezi ______ subspecies in southeastern Mexico, Vera Cruz to northern Oaxaca (subspecies described in 1978)
Anaea halice maya ______ subspecies on the Yucatan peninsula (subspecies described in 1980)
Angled Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:121)
Anaea glycerium
Anaea glycerium glycerium ______ subspecies eastern & western Mexico south to Panama
Anaea glycerium yucatanum ______ subspecies on the Yucatan peninsula (subspecies described in 1980)
Aureola Leafwing ______ (MCA:128) (another name is Aureole Leafwing)
Memphis aureola
Perenna Leafwing ______ (MCA:125) (another name is Big-spotted Leafwing)
Memphis perenna
Herbacea Leafwing ______ (MCA:125) (another name is Scarce Leafwing)
Memphis herbacea
Great Leafwing (MXe) ______
Memphis schausiana
Proserpina Leafwing ______ (MCA:124) (has been called Great Leafwing)
Memphis proserpina
Orange-striped Leafwing ______ (MCA:124)
Memphis philumena
Carolina Leafwing ______ (MCA:127) (another name is Corner-spotted Leafwing)
Memphis xenocles carolina ______ subspecies from southeastern Mexico to Panama
Wavy-edged Leafwing ______ (MCA:126) (species described in 1965)
Memphis neidhoeferi
Mottled Leafwing ______ (MCA:125)
Memphis arginussa
Pale-spotted Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:125)
Memphis pithyusa
Boisduval's Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:126) (another name is Laurel Leafwing)
Memphis moruus boisduvali ______ subspecies from eastern Mexico to Panama (subspecies described in 1961)
Edge Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:126) (has been called Boisduval's Leafwing)
Memphis oenomais
White-patched Leafwing ______ (MCA:126)
Memphis artacaena
Dia Leafwing ______ (MCA:128) (another name is Shining Leafwing)
Memphis dia
Forrer's Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:127) (another name is Guatemalan Leafwing)
Memphis forreri
Godman's Leafwing ______
Memphis mora orthesia ______ Orthesia Leafwing (MCA:128) subspecies from southeast Mexico to Panama
Hedemann's Leafwing ______ (MCA:124) (another name is Double-banded Leafwing)
Memphis hedemanni
Welling's Leafwing (MXe) ______ (MCA:128) (species described in 1976)
Memphis wellingi

Genus ZARETIS
Isadora Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:122) (another name is Cramer's Leafwing)
Zaretis isidora
Pale Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:122) (another name is Ghost Leafwing)
Zaretis callidryas
Seasonal Leafwing ______ (MCA:122) (another name is Holey Leafwing)
Zaretis ellops (or anzuletta)
Itys Leafwing ______ (MCA:122) (another name is Skeletonized Leafwing)
Zaretis itys

Genus CONSUL
Pearly Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:123) (another name is Jazzy Leafwing)
Consul electra
Black-veined Leafwing ______ (MCA:123)
Consul excellens
Tiger-striped Leafwing ______ (MCA:123) (another name is Tiger Leafwing)
Consul fabius

Genus HYPNA
Silver-studded Leafwing ______
Hypna clytemnestra

Genus SIDERONE
Red-striped Leafwing ______ YP (MCA:123) (another name is Red-and-black Leafwing)
Siderone galanthis
Red-patched Leafwing ______ (MCA:123)
Siderone syntyche

Subfamily APATURINAS: EMPERORS

Genus ASTEROCAMPA
Hackberry Emperor ______ (MCA:129)
Asterocampa celtis
Empress Leilia (ph) ______ (MCA:129)
Asterocampa leilia

Above & below: the Empress Leilia
(upper photo by Howard Eskin;
lower photo by Doris Potter during a FONT tour)
Tawny Emperor ______ (MCA:129)
Asterocampa clyton
Dusky Emperor ______
Asterocampa idyja
Asterocampa idyia argus ______ "Cream-banded" Dusky Emperor YP (MCA:129) subspecies in Mexico

Genus DOXOCOPA
Mexican Emperor ______ (MCA:130) (another name is Cyan Emperor)
Doxocopa cyane
Silver Emperor ______ YP (MCA:130)
Doxocopa laure
Pavon Emperor ______ YP (MCA:130)
Doxocopa pavon
Turquoise Emperor (ph) ______ (MCA:130)
Doxocopa laurentia

A Turquoise Emperor photographed during a FONT tour
Nicaraguan Emperor ______ (MCA:130) (another name is Guatemalan Emperor)
Doxocopa callianara

Genus MORPHO
Common Morpho (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:131)
Morpho helenor

Above & below: two photographs of the Common Morpho
taken during FONT tours
(upper photo by Patricia Yoder; lower photo by Virginia Woodhouse)
White Morpho ______ (MCA:131)
Morpho polyphemus
Stub-tailed Morpho ______ (MCA:131)
Morpho theseus

Genus ANTIRRHEA
Northern Antirrhea ______ (MCA:131) (another name is White-signed Morphet)
Antirrhea philoctetes

Genus CALIGO: OWL BUTTERFLIES
Dark Owl Butterfly ______ (MCA:132) (another name is Almond-eyed Owl-Butterfly)
Caligo brasiliensis

Dark Owl Butterfly
Pale Owl-Butterfly (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:132) (another name is Yellow-fronted Owl-Butterfly)
Caligo telamonius

A Pale, or Yellow-fronted Owl-Butterfly photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Gold-edged Owl-Butterfly (*) ______ YP (MCA:132) (another name is Yellow-bordered Owl-Butterfly)
Caligo uranus

Golden-edged Owl-Butterfly
Fruhstorfer's Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:132) (another name is Boomerang Owl-Butterfly)
Caligo oedipus

Genus ERYPHANIS
Double-spotted Owl-Butterfly ______ YP (MCA:132)
Eryphanis aesacus

Genus DYNASTOR
Green-eyed Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:132)
Dynastor macrosiris
Daring Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:132) (another name is Bromeliad Owl-Butterfly)
Dynastor darius

Genus MIELKELLA
Singular Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:133) (another name is Mayan Owl-Butterfly)
Mielkella singularis

Genus OPOPTERA
Staudinger's Owl-Butterfly ______
Opoptera staudingeri

Genus NAROPE
Brown Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:132)
Narope testacea
Small Owl-Butterfly ______
Narope minor

Genus OPSIPHANES
Minerva's Owl-Butterfly (MXe) ______ (species described in 2007)
Opsiphanes blythekitzmillerae
Narrow-banded Owl-Butterfly ______ YP (MCA:133) (another name is Heliconia Owlet)
Opsiphanes tamarindi
Cassia's Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:133) (another name is Linnean Owlet)
Opsiphanes cassiae
Split-banded Owl-Butterfly ______ YP (MCA:133) (another name is Split-banded Owlet)
Opsiphanes cassina
Orange Owl-Butterfly ______ YP (MCA:133) (another name is Orange Owlet)
Opsiphanes boisduvalii
Lowland Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:133) (another name is Lowland Owlet)
Opsiphanes invirae
Scalloped Owl-Butterfly ______ (MCA:133) (another name is Scalloped Owlet)
Opsiphanes quiteria

SATYRS

Genus TAYGETIS
Common Ur-Satyr ______
Taygetis thamyra
Cramer's Ur-Satyr ______
Taygetis virgilia

Genus PAREUPTYCHIA
White Satyr ______
Pareuptychia ocirrhoe
White-banded Satyr ______
Pareuptychia metaleuca

Genus CISSIA
Confused Satyr ______
Cissia confusa
Gold-stained Satyr ______
Cissia pseudoconfusa
Rusty-spotted Satyr ______
Cissia labe
Plain Satyr ______
Cissia pompilia
Stormy Satyr ______
Cissia similis
Terrestrial Satyr ______
Cissia terrestris

Genus HERMEUPTYCHIA
Carolina Satyr ______
Hermeuptychia sosybius

Genus YPHTHIMOIDES
Renata's Satyr ______
Yphthimoides renata

Genus CEPHEUPTYCHIA
Mexican Blue-Satyr ______
Cepheuptychia glaucina

Genus MAGNEUPTYCHIA
Blue-gray Satyr ______
Magneuptychia libya

Genus DANAUS: ROYALTY Known also as TIGER BUTTERFLIES. There are representatives in all of the geographical regions of the world. More species occur in the Old World, but one of the best known butterflies of the New World is Danaus plexippus, the Monarch. Larvae of this genus feed on members of the milkweed and dogbane families, and render themselves poisonous to predators by storing plant poisons. Other butterflies mimic the toxic members of this genus.
Monarch (ph) (*) ______  YP (MCA:141)
Danaus plexippus

Two photos of Monarchs
(photos by Howard Eskin)

The Monarch is one of the few butterfly species to migrate long distances. It undertakes seasonal flights that rival those of many birds.
Monarchs mate on the ground. Then the male carries his partner aloft. The metamorphosis from egg to butterfly takes about a month.
The last generation of butterflies born each summer become fall migrants to mostly the pine-clad mountains of central Mexico, with some in western North America to coastal California.
With no older generation to guide them, Monarchs migrate by a genetically inherited navigation system, traveling in fronts of hundreds of thousands of individuals. They can cover up to 180 miles a day, flying, gliding, and soaring on updrafts of air,
Reaching their destination, the butterflies spend the winter clustered in groves of trees.



In one particular area of central Mexico, where million of Monarchs winter,
not only are the pine trees covered with them, but so is the ground below
where the butterflies and pine needles fall.
This photograph was taken during a FONT tour in the mountains of central Mexico.
(photo by Alan Brady)
Queen (ph) (*) ______ YP (MCA:141)
Danaus gilippus

Queen
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Soldier (ph) ______ YP (MCA:141)
Danaus eresimus

The Soldier is a Mullerian mimic with the Monarch, Queen, and Viceroy.

A Soldier photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)

Genus LYCOREA
Tiger Mimic-Queen (ph) ______ (MCA:141)
Lycorea halis

A Tiger Mimic-Queen photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Clearwing Mimic-Queen ______ (MCA:141)
Lycorea ilione

Genus ANETIA
Cloud-forest King ______ (MCA:141) (another name is Cloud-forest Monarch)
Anetia thirza

ITHOMIINI: CLEAR-WINGED BUTTERFLIES

Genus TITHOREA
Harmonica Tigerwing ______ YP (MCA:144) (another name is Black-fronted Prestonian)
Tithorea harmonica
Cream-spotted Tigerwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Variable Prestonian)
Tithorea tarricina

Genus AERIA
Banded Tigerwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Black-and-yellow Prestonian)
Aeria eurimedia

Genus OLYRAS
Rusty Tigerwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Rusty Ticlear)
Olyras theon

Genus MELINAEA
Mimic Tigerwing ______
Melinaea lilis

Genus THYRIDIA
Melantho Tigerwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Clapping Ticlear)
Thyridia psidii

Genus NAPEOGENES
Tolosa Tigerwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Tollhouse Ticlear)
Napeogenes tolosa

Genus HYPOTHYRIS
Euclea Tigerwing ______
Hypothyris euclea
Lycaste Tigerwing ______
Hypothyris lycaste

Genus MECHANITIS
Lysimnia Tigerwing ______ (another name is Confused Tigerwing)
Mechanitis lysimnia
Menapis Tigerwing ______ (another name is Variable Tigerwing)
Mechanitis menapis
Polymnia Tigerwing ______
Mechanitis polymnia

Genus ITHOMIA
Patilla Ithomia ______ YP (MCA:142) (another name is Guatemalan Ithomia)
Ithomia patilla
Leilia's Clearwing ______ (MCA:142) (another name is Leila's Ithomia)
Ithomia leila

Genus HYPOSCADA
Virginiana Clearwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Virginia's Ticlear)
Hyposcada virginiana

Genus OLERIA
Paula's Clearwing ______ (MCA:143) (another name is Paula's Oleria)
Oleria paula
Zea Clearwing ______ (MCA:143) (another name is Bar-celled Oleria)
Oleria zea

Genus CERATINIA
Tulia Clearwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Yellow-tipped Ticlear)
Ceratinia tutia

Genus CALLITHOMIA
Hezia Clearwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is White-leading Ticlear)
Callithomia hezia

Genus PTERONYMIA
Alcmena Clearwing ______ (MCA:143) (another name is Guatemalan Clearwing)
Pteronymia alcmena
Artena Clearwing ______ (MCA:143) (another name is Pointed Clearwing)
Pteronymia artena
Cotytto Clearwing ______ YP (MCA:143) (another name is Broad-tipped Clearwing)
Pteronymia cotytto
West Mexican Clearwing (MXe) ______ (MCA:143) (another name is Brown-rimmed Clearwing)
Pteronymia rufocincta
Simple Clearwing ______ (MCA:143)
Pteronymia simplex
Four-spotted Clearwing ______ (MCA:143)
Pteronymia paqrva

Genus GODYRIS
Nero Clearwing ______ (MCA:142) (another name is Fiddler's Ticlear)
Godyris nero
Variegated Clearwing ______ YP (MCA:144) (another name is Variegated Ticlear)
Godyris zavaleta

Genus DIRCENNA
Dero Clearwing ______ YP (MCA:144) (another name is Big-bordered Dircenna)
Dircenna dero
Jemina Clearwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Geyer's Dircenna)
Dircenna jemina
Klug's Clearwing ______ (MCA:144) (another name is Klug's Dircenna)
Dircenna klugii

Genus EPISCADA
Salvin's Clearwing ______ (MCA:143) (another name is Salvin's Ticlear)
Episcada salvinia

Genus HYPOLERIA
Lavinia Clearwing ______ (MCA:142) (another name is Fuzzy-spotted Ticlear)
Hypoleria lavinia

Genus GRETA
Rusty Clearwing (ph) ______ (MCA:142) (another name is Thick-tipped Greta)
Greta morgane
Greta morgane morgane subspecies in western Mexico, from Nayarit to southern Oaxaca
Greta morgane oto ______ "Darkened" Rusty Clearwing subspecies in eastern Mexico, south to Panama

The Rusty Clearwing, or Thick-tipped Greta
Andromica Clearwing ______ (MCA:142) (another name is Curvy-veined Greta)
Greta andromica
White-spotted Clearwing ______ (MCA:142) (another name is White-spotted Greta)
Greta annette

FAMILY HESPERIIDAE: SKIPPERS A very large family of more than 3,500 species throughout the world, of stout-bodied, short-winged butterflies that resemble day-flying moths. The adult butterfly's flight resembles a "skipping" motion when going from flower to flower. Their forewings are closed above their back when they are settled.

Subfamily PYRGINAE

Genus OXYNETRA
Hopffer's Firetip ______
Oxynetra hopfferi

Genus AZONAX
Typhaon Skipper ______ (MCA:148) (another name is Big-spotted Mytip)
Azonax typhaon

Genus MYSCELUS
Widespread Myscelus ______ YP (MCA:148) (another name is Common Mytip)
Myscelus amystis
Belt's Myscelus ______ (MCA:148) (another name is Cinnamon Mytip)
Myscelus belti
Dyar's Myscelus ______ (MCA:148) (another name is Chocolate-vented Mytip)
Myscelus perissodora
Fiery Myscelus ______ (MCA:148) (another name is Blue-and-orange Mytip)
Myscelus assaricus

Genus CHALYPYGE (was included in PYRRHOPYGE)
Orange-rimmed Skipper ______ (MCA:146) (another name is Orange-rimmed Firetip)
Chalypyge (formerly Pyrrhopyge) chalybea

Genus PARELBELLA
Macleannan's Skipper ______ (MCA:147) (another name is Maclean's Firetip)
Parelbella macleannani
Mielke's Skipper (MXe) ______ (species described in 2008)
Parelbella nigra

Genus JEMADIA
Dot-collared Skipper ______ (MCA:147) (another name is Dot-collared Firetip)
Jemadia pseudognetus

Genus APYRROTHRIS (was included in PYRRHOPYGE)
Araxes Skipper (ph) ______ (MCA:148) (BAPG:231,233) (has also been called Dull Firetip)
Apyrrothris (formerly Pyrrhopyge) araxes

An Araxes Skipper, or Dull Firetip photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Doris Potter)

Genus MELANOPYGE (was included in PYRRHOPYGE)
Red-spotted Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:148) (another name is Bell's Firetip)
Melanopyge (formerly Pyrrhopyge) mulleri
Spotted Skipper ______ (MCA:148) (another name has been Red-spotted Firetip)
Melanopyge (formerly Pyrrhopyge) erythrosticta
Dotted Skipper ______ (MCA:148) (species yet to be described)
Melanopyge sp.
Hoffmann's Skipper ______ (MCA:148) (another name is Freeman's Firetip) (species described in 1977)
Melanopyge (formerly Pyrrhopyge) hoffmanni

Genus ELBELLA
Scylla Firetip ______ YP (MCA:146) (another name is Red-collared Firetip)
Elbella scylla
Patrobas Skipper ______ YP BZ (MCA:147) (another name is Blue-lined Firetip)
Elbella patrobas
Rober's Skipper ______
Elbella miodesmiata

Genus ASPITHA
Leander Firetip ______
Aspitha leander

Genus PYRRHOPYGE
Red-headed Firetip ______ YP (MCA:146)
Pyrrhopyge zenodorus (has been Pyrrhopyge phidias zenodorus)
White-banded Firetip ______ (MCA:146)
Pyrrhopyge crida

Genus JONASPYGE
Scallop-edged Firetip ______ (MCA:146) (another name is Wavy-edged Firetip)
Jonaspyge (formerly Pyrrhopyge) jonas
Freeman's Firetip ______ (MCA:146) (another name is Chiapas Firetip) (species described in 1969)
Jonaspyge (formerly Pyrrhopyge) tzotzili

Genus AMYSORIA
Red-banded Firetip ______ (MCA:146) (another name is Orange-striped Firetip)
Amysoria galgala

Genus MYSORIA
Royal Firetip ______ (MCA:147)
Mysoria barcastus
Blue-collared Firetip ______ (MCA:147)
Mysoria amra
Red-collared Firetip ______ (MCA:147) (another name is West Mexican Firetip)
Mysoria affinis (or wilsoni)

Genus CELAENORRHINUS
Dotted Flat ______ (MCA:178)
Celaenorrhinus monartus
Fritzgaetner's Flat ______ (MCA:178) (BAPG:377)
Celaenorrhinus fritzgaertneri
Stalling's Flat ______ (MCA:178) (species described in 1946)
Celaenorrhinus stallingsi
Stola Flat ______ (MCA:178) (another name is Elegant Flat) (species described in 1952)
Celaenorrhinus stola
Stoll's Flat ______ (MCA:178)
Celaenorrhinus eligius
Small Flat ______
Celaenorrhinus cynapes

Genus MIMIA
Phidyle Skipper ______
Mimia phidyle
Chiapan Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:180) (another name is Mexican Mimia) (species described in 1969)
Mimia chiapaensis

Genus MICTRIS
Crisp Skipper ______ (MCA:180)
Mictris crispus

Genus POLYCTOR
Cleta Tufted-Skipper ______ (another name is White Enops) (species described in 1953)
Polyctor cleta
Enops Tufted-Skipper ______ (another name is Brown Enops)
Polyctor enops

Genus NISONIADES
Godma Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Guatemalan Pellicia) (species described in 1953)
Nisoniades godma
Dark Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Dark Pellicia)
Nisoniades laurentina
Purplish Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Purplish-black Skipper)
Nisoniades rubescens
Ephora Tufted -Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Small-spotted Pellicia)
Nisoniades ephora
Castolus Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Hewitson's Pellicia)
Nisoniades castolus

Genus PACHYNEURIA
Immaculate Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Obscure Pellicia)
Pachyneuria licisca

Genus PELLICIA
Glazed Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Glazed Pellicia) (species described in 1953)
Pellicia arina
Rare Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Confused Pellicia) (species described in 1953)
Pellicia angra
Mourning Glory Tufted-Skipper ______ (MCA:181) (another name is Morning Glory Pellicia)
Pellicia dimidiata

Genus WINDIA
Wind's Skipper ______ (MCA:182) (BAPG:379) (species described in 1969)
Windia windi

Genus NOCTUANA
Cryptic Skipper ______
Noctuana lactifera
Red-studded Skipper ______ (MCA:182)
Noctuana stator

Genus ARTEUROTIA
Starred Skipper ______ (MCA:182)
Arteurotia tractipennis

Genus MYRINIA
Myris Skipper ______ BZ
Myrinia myris
Raymundo's Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:182) (another name is Tabasco Skipper) (species described in 1979)
Myrinia raymundo

Genus CYCLOSEMIA
Northern Eyed-Skipper ______ (MCA:182)
Cyclosemia anastomosis

Genus BOLLA
Checkered Sootywing ______ (MCA:185) (another name is Great Bolla)
Bolla cylindus
Veracruzan Sootywing (MXe) ______ (another name is Veracruz Bolla) (species described in 1953)
Bolla cybele
Cyclops Sootywing ______ (MCA:184,185) (other names are the Cyclops Bolla and Evans' Bolla)
Bolla cyclops (or sonda)
Copper-headed Sootywing ______ (MCA:183) (another name is Golden-headed Bolla)
Bolla cupreiceps
Fin-tipped Sootywing ______ (MCA:184) (another name is Pine-oak Bolla)
Bolla subapicatus
Hook-tipped Sootywing ______ (MCA:184) (another name is Godman's Bolla)
Bolla orsines
Rough-tipped Sootywing ______ (MCA:183) (another name is Salvin's Bolla)
Bolla evippe
Rounded Sootywing ______ (MCA:183) (another name is Rounded Bolla)
Bolla imbras
Obscure Sootywing ______ (MCA:183) (another name is Obscure Bolla)
Bolla brennus
Orizaba Sootywing ______ (MCA:184) (was part of the "Variable Bolla") (species described in 1953)
Bolla oriza
Guerrero Sootywing ______ (MCA:185) (another name is the West Mexican Bolla, was part of the "Variable Bolla") (species described in 1953)
Bolla guerra
Spatulate Sootywing ______ (MCA:183) (another name is Mauve Bolla)
Bolla eusebius
Oaxacan Sootywing (MXe) ______ (MCA:185) (another name is Oaxacan Bolla) (species described in 1991)
Bolla fenestra
Solitary Sootywing (MXe) ______ (MCA:184) (another name is Solitary Bolla) (species described in 1991)
Bolla solitaria
Zorilla Sootywing ______ (MCA:184) (another name is Shining Bolla)
Bolla zorilla
Mottled Sootywing ______ (MCA:183) (BAPG:379) (another name is Mottled Bolla)
Bolla clytius
Many-spotted Sootywing (MXe) ______ (MCA:184) (another name is Many-spotted Bolla)
Bolla litus
Coppery Sootywing ______ (MCA:185) (another name is Coppery Bolla)
Bolla saletas

Genus STAPHYLUS
Golden-headed Scallopwing (ph) ______ YP (MCA:188) (BAPG:247) (another name is Golden-headed Sootywing)
Staphylus ceos

A Golden-headed Scallopwing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Doris Potter)
Golden-snouted Scallopwing ______ (MCA:188) (another name is Golden-snouted Sootywing)
Staphylus vulgata
Checkered Scallopwing (MXe) ______ (MCA:188) (another name is Grizzled Sootywing)
Staphylus tepeca
West Mexican Scallopwing ______ (MCA:186) (another name is West Mexican Sootywing) (species described in 1953)
Staphylus tierra
Mazans Scallopwing ______ (MCA:186) (another name is Mazans Sootywing)
Staphylus mazans
Mauve Scallopwing ______ (MCA:186) (another name is Central American Sootywing)
Staphylus ascalaphus
Aztec Scallopwing ______ (MCA:187) (another name is Aztec Sootywing)
Staphylus azteca
Steinhauser's Scallopwing ______ YP (MCA:187) (another name is Lenis Sootywing) (species described in 1989)
Staphylus lenis
Mountain Scallopwing ______ (MCA:188) (another name is Mountain Sootywing)
Staphylus vincula
Bell's Scallopwing ______ (MCA:187) (another name is Iguala Sootywing)
Staphylus iguala
Chiapas Scallopwing ______ (MCA:186)
Staphylus veytius

Genus PHOLISORA
Common Sootywing ______ (BAPG:267)
Pholisora catullus
Mexican Sootywing ______
Pholisora mejicanus

Genus HESPEROPSIS
MacNeil's Sootywing ______ (BAPG:269) (species described in 1970)
Hesperopsis gracielae

Genus GORGYTHION
Variegated Skipper ______
Gorgythion begga
Crab's-claw Skipper ______ (species described in 1953)
Gorgythion vox

Genus SOSTRATA
Blue-studded Skipper ______ (MCA:191) (species described in 1953)
Sostrata nordica

Genus POTAMANAXAS
Felder's Skipper ______ (MCA:193) (another name is Starred Potam)
Potamanaxas unifasciata

Genus MYLON
Bold Mylon ______ (MCA:189)
Mylon lassia
Narrow-winged Mylon ______ (MCA:189)
Mylon ander
Common Mylon ______ (MCA:189) (another name is Black-veined Mylon)
Mylon maimon (or menippus)
Pale Mylon ______ (MCA:189) (another name is Dingy Mylon)
Mylon pelopidas
Evans' Mylon ______ (MCA:189)
Mylon salvia
Austin's Mylin ______ (species described in 2000)
Mylon cristata
Jason's Mylon ______ (MCA:189)
Mylon jason

Genus ANASTRUS
Common Anastrus ______ (MCA:201) (another name is Common Bluevent)
Anastrus semipiternus
Blurry Anastrus ______ (MCA:201) (another name is Forest Bluevent)
Anastrus tolimus
West Mexican Anastrus ______
Anastrus luctuosus (or robigus)
Brilliant Anastrus ______ (MCA:201) (another name is Brilliant Bluevent)
Anastrus neaeris
Austin's Anastrus ______ (species described in 2002)
Anastrus virens
Teal-bordered Bluevent ______ (MCA:201)
Anastrus meliboea

Genus TOSTA
Platypterus Skipper ______
Tosta platypterus

Genus QUADRUS
Common Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:190)
Quadrus cerialis
Chiapan Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:190) (species described in 1969)
Quadrus francesius
Striped Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:190) (another name is Blue-ringed Blue-Skipper)
Quadrus contubernalis
Tanned Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:190) (another name is Lugubrious Blue-Skipper)
Quadrus lugubris

Genus PACHES
Shining Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:190)
Paches polla
Brilliant Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:190)
Paches loxus

Genus PYTHONIDES
Variable Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:191) (another name is Powder Blue-Skipper)
Pythonides jovianus
Many-spotted Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:191)
Pythonides grandis
Proxenus Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:191) (another name is Black-topped Blue-Skipper)
Pythonides proxenus
Narrow-winged Blue-Skipper ______ (MCA:191) (another name is Blue-spotted Blue-Skipper)
Pythonides pteras
Freeman's Blue-Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:191) (another name is Oaxacan Blue-Skipper) (species described in 1979)
Pythonides mundo
Steinhauser's Blue-Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:191) (another name is Chiapas Blue-Skipper) (species described in 1989)
Pythonides rosa

Genus AETHILLA
Yellow-rimmed Skipper ______ (MCA:198) (another name is Yellow-rimmed Groundskipper)
Aethilla lavochrea
Echina Skipper ______ (MCA:198) (another name is Frosted Groundskipper)
Aethilla echina
Highlands Skipper ______ (MCA:198) (another name is Chiapas Groundskipper) (species described in 1969)
Aethilla chiapa

Genus DOBERES
Pale Doberes ______ (MCA:197) (another name is Pointed Sicklewing)
Doberes hewitsonius
Dark Doberes ______ (MCA:197) (another name is Cloud-forest Sicklewing)
Doberes anticus
West Mexican Doberes (MXe) ______
Doberes sobrinus

Genus OULEUS
Hidden-yellow Skipper ______ (MCA:193)
Ouleus cyrna
Bubaris Skipper ______ (MCA:193) (another name is Pale-bordered Zera)
Ouleus bubaris
Calavius Skipper ______
Ouleus calavius
Salvin's Skipper ______ (MCA:193) (another name has been Geyer's Zera) (species described in 1953)
Ouleus salvina

Genus ZERA
Belti Skipper ______ (MCA:192) (another name is Gaudy Zera)
Zera belti
Difficult Skipper ______
Zera difficilis
Barred Zera ______ (MCA:192)
Zera nolckeni
Hosta Skipper ______ (MCA:192) (species described in 1953)
Zera hosta
Bruised Zera ______ (MCA:192)
Zera hyacinthinus
Tetrastigma Skipper ______ (MCA:192) (another name is Least Zera)
Zera tetrastigma
Eboneus Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:192) (another name is Mexican Zera) (species described in 1947)
Zera eboneus

Genus GINDANES
Straight-edged Skipper ______ (MCA:193)
Gindanes brontinus
White-trailed Skipper ______ (MCA:193)
Gindanes brebisson

Genus ATARNES
Orange-spotted Skipper ______ (MCA:193)
Atarnes sallei

Genus XENOPHANES
Glassy-winged Skipper ______
Xenophanes tryxus

Genus CARRHENES
Hoary Skipper ______
Carrhenes canescens
Black-spotted Hoary Skipper ______
Carrhenes fuscescens

Genus MILANION
Northern Clipper ______
Milanion clito

Genus ANTIGONUS
Dusted Spurwing ______
Antigonus erosus
Royal Spurwing ______
Antigonus corrosus
Death-mask Spurwing ______
Antigonus nearchus
White Spurwing ______ (BAPG:379)
Antigonus emorsus

Genus ACHLYODES
Giant Sicklewing ______ (MCA:197)
Achlyodes busirus
Pale Sicklewing ______ (MCA:197)
Achlyodes pallida

Genus EANTIS
Northern Sicklewing ______ BZ (formerly this & the next species were the "Sickle-winged Skipper")
Eantis (formerly Achlyodes) tamenund
Southern Sicklewing ______ BZ (MCA:197) (formerly this & the preceding species were the "Sickle-winged Skipper")
Eantis (formerly Achlyodes) thraso

Genus AETHILLA
Frosted Groundskipper ______
Aethilla echina

Genus ZOPYRION
Mexican Sandy-Skipper ______ (MCA:198)
Zopyrion sandace

Genus SYSTASEA
Texas Powdered-Skipper ______ (MCA:198) (BAPG:247)
Systasea pulverulenta
Arizona Powdered-Skipper ______ (MCA:198) (BAPG:247)
Systasea zampa
Mexican Powdered-Skipper ______ (MCA:198)
Systasea microsticta

Genus EBRIETAS
Yellow-patched Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Great Bentwing)
Ebrietas osyris
Common Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Common Bentwing)
Ebrietas anacreon
Sappho Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Sappho Bentwing) (species described in 1974)
Ebrietas sappho
Blurred Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Blurred Bentwing)
Ebrietas evanidus
Plain Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Plain Bentwing)
Ebrietas elaudia

Genus HELIAS
Squared Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:200) (another name is Square Bentwing) (species described in 1953)
Helias cama

Genus CAMPTOPLEURA
Mabille's Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Moire Bentwing)
Camptopleura iheramenes
Auxo Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Colombian Bentwing)
Camptopleura auxo
Oaxacan Bent-Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Oaxacan Bentwing) (species described in 1969)
Camptopleura oaxaca

Genus CYCLOGLYPHA
Widespread Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Aztec Bentwing)
Cycloglypha thrasibulus
Tisias Skipper ______ (MCA:199) (another name is Ringless Bentwing)
Cycloglypha tisias

Genus THEAGENES
White-centered Bent-Skipper ______ (MCA:200) (another name is Cloud-patched Bentwing)
Theagenes aegides

Genus GESTA
False Duskywing ______ (MCA:200)
Gesta gesta

Genus CHIOMARA
Mithrix Duskywing ______ (MCA:200) (BAPG:381) (another name is Slaty Skipper)
Chiomara mithrax
White-patched Skipper ______ (MCA:200) (BAPG:249)
Chiomara asychis

Genus GRAIS
Hermit Skipper ______ (MCA:201) (BAPG:381)
Grais stigmaticus

Genus TIMOCHARES
Many-banded Skipper ______ (MCA:201) (another name is Five-banded Skipper)
Timochares trifasciata
Brown-banded Skipper ______ BZ (MCA:201) (BAPG:249)
Timochares ruptifasciata

Genus PYRGUS
Tropical Checkered-Skipper (ph) ______ (MCA:202) (BAPG:261)
Pyrgus oileus

Above & below: Tropical Checkered Skippers
photographed during a FONT tour
(photos by Marie Gardner)
Common Checkered-Skipper ______ (MCA:202) (BAPG:261)
Pyrgus communis
Pyrgus communis adepta "Guatemalan Common Checkered-Skipper" (MCA:202)
White Checkered-Skipper ______ (MCA:202) (BAPG:261)
Pyrgus albescens
Desert Checkered-Skipper ______ (MCA:202) (BAPG:263)
Pyrgus philetas
Small Checkered-Skipper ______ (MCA:202) (BAPG:259)
Pyrgus scriptura

Genus HELIOPETES
Laviana White-Skipper ______
Heliopetes laviana
Turk's-cap White-Skipper ______
Heliopetes macaira
Alana White-Skipper ______
Heliopetes alana

Subfamily EUDAMINAE: SPREADWING SKIPPERS

Genus PHOCIDES
Guava Skipper ______ YP (MCA:149)
Phocides polybius
Thermus Skipper ______
Phocides thermus
Mangrove (or Pigmalian) Skipper ______ YP (MCA:149) (another name is Mangrove Beamer)
Phocides pigmalian
Belus Skipper ______ YP (MCA:149) (another name is Beautiful Beamer)
Phocides belus
Urania Skipper ______ (MCA:149) (another name is Teal Beamer)
Phocides urania
Big-spotted Beamer ______ (MCA:149) (species not yet described)
Phocides sp.

Genus PHANUS
Widespread Phanus ______ (MCA:150) (another name is Musical Ghost Skipper)
Phanus vitreus
Confusing Phanus ______ (MCA:150) (another name is Confusing Ghost Skipper) (species described in 1993)
Phanus confusis
White-tipped Phanus ______ (MCA:150) (another name is White-tipped Ghost Skipper) (species described in 1993)
Phanus albiapicalis
West Mexican Phanus ______ (MCA:150) (another name is Gapped Ghost-Skipper) (species described in 1952)
Phanus rilma
Dark Phanus ______ (MCA:150) (another name is Obscure Ghost Skipper)
Phanus obscurior
Common Phanus ______ (MCA:150) (another name is Common Ghost-Skipper)
Phanus marshalii

Genus UDRANOMIA
Orcinus Skipper ______
Udranomia orcinus
Nervous Skipper ______
Udranomia kikkawai

Genus DREPHALYS
Dumeril Skipper ______ (MCA:151) (another name is Sunset Paradise-Skipper)
Drephalys dumerii
Oria Skipper ______ (MCA:151) (another name is Sunrise Paadise-Skipper) (species described in 1952)
Drephalys oria
Oriander Skipper ______
Drephalys oriander

Genus HYALOTHYRUS
Dimorphic Skipper ______ (MCA:150)
Hyalothyrus neleus

Genus ENTHEUS
Giant Entheus ______ (MCA:151) (another name is Blushing Enskipper)
Entheus matho matho
Mexican Entheus ______ (MCA:151) (another name is Mexican Enskipper) (species described in 1989)
Entheus crux

Genus EPARGYREUS
Silver-spotted Skipper (ph) ______ (MCA:152) (BAPG:233)
Epargyreus clarus
Epargyreus clarus californicus "California Silver-spotted Skipper" subspecies south into northern Baja California (subspecies described in 1975)
Round-spotted Silverdrop ______ (MCA:152) (another name is Pepper-spotted Silverdrop)
Epargyreus socus
Wind's Silverdrop (MXe) ______ (MCA:153) (BAPG:373) (species described in 1969)
Epargyreus windi
Broken Silverdrop ______ (MCA:152)
Epargyreus exadeus
Spineless Silverdrop ______ (MCA:153) (species described in 1952)
Epargyreus aspina
Spined Silverdrop ______ (MCA:152)
Epargyreus spina
Suffused Silverdrop ______ (MCA:152) (another name is Weak-frosted Silverdop) (species described in 1952)
Epargyreus spinosa
Small Spotted Silverdrop ______ (MCA:153)
Epargyreus clavicornis
Barely-spotted Silverdrop ______ (MCA:153) (another name is Dingy Silverdrop) (species described in 1969)
Epargyreus brodkorbi
Long-spotted Silverdrop ______ YP BZ (MCA:153) (species described in 1977)
Epargyreus deleoni

Genus POLYGONUS
Manuel's Skipper ______ (MCA:159)
Polygonus manueli
Hammock Skipper ______ (MCA:159) (BAPG:233)
Polygonus leo

Genus CHIOIDES
White-striped Longtail ______ (MCA:158) (BAPG:235)
Chioides catillus
Zilpa Longtail ______ (MCA:158) (BAPG:235)
Chioides zilpa

Genus AGUNA
Long-tailed Aguna ______ (MCA:158) (also called Tailed Aguna)
Aguna metophis
Austin's Aguna ______ (MCA:158) (species described in 1998)
Aguna coeloides
Emerald Aguna ______ (MCA:158)
Aguna claxon
Gold-spotted Aguna ______ (MCA:158) (BAPG:373)
Aguna asander
Hewitson's Aguna ______ (MCA:158) (another name is Knobby Aguna)
Aguna aurunce
White-striped Aguna ______ (MCA:158)
Aguna albistria

Genus PROTEIDES
Mercurial Skipper ______ (MCA:153) (BAPG:373)
Proteides mercurius

Genus NASCUS
Common Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:154)
Nascus phocus
Broteas Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:154) (another name is Cramer's Scarlet-eye)
Nascus broteas
Least Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:154)
Nascus paulliniae
Corilla Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:154) (another name is Great Scarlet-eye)
Nascus solon
Schaus' Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:155)
Nascus phintias

Genus DYSCOPHELLUS (and NICEPHELLUS)
Fiery Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:156)
Dyscophellus porcius
Big-spotted Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:155) (another name is Blushing Scarlet-eye)
Dyscophellus phraxanor
Plain Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:156)
Dyscophellus ramon
Two-spotted Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:156)
Nicephellus (or Dyscophellus) nicephorus

Genus BUNGALOTIS
Spotted Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:156)
Bungalotis erythus
White-cheeked Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:157) (another name is Golden Scarlet-eye)
Bungalotis midas
Dark-cheeked Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:157) (another name is Freckled Scarlet-eye)
Bungalotis astylos
Pallid Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:157) (another name is Lesser Scarlet-eye)
Bungalotis quadratum
Miller's Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:157) (another name is Freeman's Scarlet-eye) (species described in 1977)
Bungalotis milleri

Genus PSEUDONASCUS
Least Scarlet-eye ______
Pseudonascus paulliniae

Genus OCYBA
Yellow-rimmed Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:159)
Ocyba calathana

Genus TYPHEDANUS
Mottled Skipper ______ (MCA:170) (another name is Mottled Longtail)
Typhedanus undulatus
Gold-tufted Skipper ______ (MCA:159)
Typhedanus ampyx
Salas Skipper ______ YP BZ (MCA:159) (another name is Pale-tufted Skipper) (endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula)
Typhedanus salas

Genus ASTRAPTES
Green Flasher ______ (MCA:163)
Astraptes talus
Tuculi Flasher ______ (MCA:162) (another name is Lilac-based Flasher)
Astraptes tuculi
Short-tailed Flasher ______ (MCA:162)
Astraptes brevicauda (or talthybius)
Frosted Flasher ______ (MCA:160)
Astraptes alardus
Whitened Flasher ______ (MCA:160) (another name is Silvered Flasher)
Astraptes creteus
Gilbert's Flasher ______ (MCA:160)
Astraptes alector (or gilberti)
Small-spotted Flasher ______ (MCA:161,163)
Astraptes egregius
Broad-banded Flasher ______ (MCA:164) (another name is Mossy Flasher)
Astraptes apastus
Chiriqui Flasher ______ (MCA:161)
Astraptes chiriquensis
Astraptes chiriquensis erana "Blue-and-yellow Chiriqui Flasher" subspecies in Chiapas
Two-barred Flasher ______ (MCA;162) (BAPG:375)
Astraptes fulgerator
Astraptes fulgor (the "Argentine Flasher") may be part of the Two-barred Flasher complex. (MCA:163)
White-spotted Flasher ______ (MCA:163)
Astraptes enotrus
Schaus' Flasher ______ (MCA:164) (another name is Bronze Flasher)
Astraptes janeira
Long-tailed Flasher ______ (MCA:160)
Astraptes magalurus
Green-headed Flasher ______ (MCA:161)
Astraptes bifascia (or latimargo)
Yellow-tipped Flasher ______ (MCA:159)
Astraptes anaphus
Yellow-edged Flasher ______ (MCA:159)
Astraptes phalaecus

Genus NARCOSIUS
Steely Flasher ______ (MCA:164) (another name is Trojan Flasher)
Narcosius parisi
Colossal Flasher ______ (MCA:164)
Narcosius colossus
Samson Flasher ______ (MCA:164) (another name is Strong Flasher) (species described in 1952)
Narcosius samson
Nazareus Flasher ______ (MCA:164) (another name is Steinhauser's Flasher) (species described in 1986)
Narcosius nazaraeus

Genus CODATRACTUS
White-crescent Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (another name is White-crescent Longtail)
Codatractus alcaeus
Carlos' Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (another name is Rusty Mottled Skipper)
Codatractus carlos
Yucatan Mottled-Skipper ______ YP (MCA:165) (endemic to the Yucatan Peninsula) (species described in 1977)
Codatractus yucatanus
Arizona Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (BAPG:237) (also called Arizona Skipper)
Codatractus arizonensis
Sally's Mottled Skipper ______ YP (MCA:165) (another name is Confused Mottled-Skipper) (species described in 1995)
Codatractus sallyae
Melon Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165)
Codatractus melon
Golden Mottled-Skipper _______ (MCA:165) (another name is Tawny Mottled-Skipper)
Codatractus bryaxis
Cyledis Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (another name is Fractured Mottled-Skipper)
Codatractus cyledis
Cyda Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (another name is Godman's Mottled-Skipper)
Codatractus cyda
Variable Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (another name is Thorn-scrub Mottled-Skipper)
Codatractus uvydixa
Valeriana Mottled-Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (also called Valeriana Skipper)
Codatractus valeriana (or mysie)
Hyster Skipper ______ (MCA:165) (another name is Hysterical Skipper)
Codatractus hyster

Genus CALLIADES
Zeulus Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:168) (another name is Zoot Skipper)
Calliades zeutus

Genus AUTOCHTON
Golden Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167) (BAPG:241)
Autochton cellus
East Mexican Banded-Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:167) (another name is Sierra Madre Banded-Skipper) (species described in 1984)
Autochton siermadror
Sonoran Banded-Skipper (MXe) ______ (MCA:167) (BAPG:375)
Autochton pseudocellus
Chisos Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167)
Autochton cincta
Central American Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167) (another name is Dark-fringed Banded-Skipper)
Autochton vectilucis
Broad Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167) (another name is Spiky Banded-Skipper)
Autochton neis
Sharp Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167)
Autochton zarex
Spike Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167) (another name is Narrow Banded-Skipper)
Autochton longipennis
Gmelin's Banded-Skipper ______ (MCA:167) (another name is Two-spotted Banded Skipper)
Autochton bipunctatus

Genus CEPHISE
Burns' Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:155,168) (another name is Funny Scarlet-eye) (species described in 1996)
Cephise nuspesez
Mexican Scarlet-eye (MXe) ______ (MCA:168) (species described in 2000)
Cephise mexicanus
Guatemalan Scarlet-eye ______ YP (MCA:168) (species described in 1977)
Cephise guatemalaensis
Long-tailed Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:168)
Cephise aelius

Genus VENADA
Cryptic Scarlet-eye ______ (MCA:168)
Venada sp. (was part of V. advena)

Genus CHRYSOPLECTRUM
Stub-tailed Skipper ______ (MCA:168) (another name is Butler's Skipper)
Chrysoplectrum epicincea

Genus ZESTUSA
Northern Zestusa ______ (MCA:166) (BAPG:237) (another name is Short-tailed Skipper)
Zestusa dorus
Southern Zestusa ______ (MCA:166) (another name is Cloud-forest Zesty-Skipper)
Zestusa staudingeri
Mexican Zestusa (MXe) ______ (MCA:166) (another name is Mexican Zesty-Skipper)
Zestusa elwesi
Levonia's Zestusa ______ (MCA:166) (another name is Banded Zesty-Skipper) (species described in 1972)
Zestusa levona

Genus RIDENS
Many-spotted Ridens ______ (MCA:169)
Ridens crison
Hewitson's Ridens ______ (MCA:169) (another name is Mephisto Ridens)
Ridens mephitis
Allyn's Ridens ______ (MCA:169)
Ridens allyni
Mexican Ridens (MXe) ______ (MCA:169)
Ridens miltas
White-tailed Ridens ______ (MCA:169)
Ridens mercedes
Todd's Ridens _______ (MCA:169) (another name is Awning Ridens)
Ridens toddi

Genus POLYTHRIX
Asine Longtail ______ (MCA:170) (another name is Dark-spotted Polythrix)
Polythrix asine
Mexican Longtail ______ (MCA:170) (BAPG:373) (species described in 1969)
Polythrix mexicanus
Eight-spotted Longtail ______ (MCA:170)
Polythrix octomaculata
Four-spotted Longtail ______ (MCA:170) (another name is Square-spotted Polythrix)
Polythrix caunus
Auginus Longtail ______
Polythrix auginus
Matallescens Longtail ______ (MCA:170) (another name is White-tipped Polythrix)
Polythrix metallescens
Kanshul Longtail ______ (MCA:170) (another name is Shuey's Polythrix) (species described in 1991)
Polythrix kanshul

Genux URBANUS: LONG-TAILED SKIPPERS
Bluish Longtail ______ (MCA:173) (another name is Cobalt Longtail)
Urbanus viterboana
Brown Longtail ______ (MCA:171) (BAPG:375)
Urbanus procne
Plain Longtail ______ (MCA:171)
Urbanus simplicius
Tanna Longtail ______ (MCA:171)
Urbanus tanna
Teleus Longtail ______ (MCA:171)
Urbanus teleus
Dorantes Longtail (ph) ______ (MCA:172) (BAPG:239)
Urbanus dorantes

In the above photo, on the right side, a Dorantes Longtail
(photo by Burke Korol)
Long-tailed Skipper (ph) ______ (MCA:173) (BAPG:239)
Urbanus proteus

Above & below: Long-tailed Skipper
(photos by Rise Hill)
Esmeralda Longtail ______ (MCA:173)
Urbanus esmeraldus
Bell's Longtail ______ (MCA:173) (another name is Double-striped Longtail)
Urbanus belli
Spot-banded Longtail ______ (MCA:174) (another name is Interrupted Longtail)
Urbanus pronta
Pronus Longtail ______ (MCA:174) (species described in 1952)
Urbanus pronus
Turquoise Longtail ______ (MCA:175) (species described in 1952)
Urbanus evona
Rare Longtail (MXe) ______ (MCA:175) (species described in 1970)
Urbanus viridis
Esta Longtail ______ (MCA:175) (species described in 1952)
Urbanus esta
Montane Longtail ______ (MCA:174) (another name is Rosy Longtail) (species described in 1956)
Urbanus prodicus
White-tailed Longtail ______ (MCA:172)
Urbanus doryssus
White-edged Longtail ______ (MCA:172)
Urbanus albimango
White-tipped Longtail ______ (MCA:172)
Urbanus chales

Genus ACHALARUS (and THESSIA)
Desert Cloudywing ______ (MCA:176) (BAPG:237)
Achalarus casica
Tehuacan Cloudywing ______ (MCA:176) (another name is Dark Cloudywing)
Achalarus tehuacana
White-edged Cloudywing ______ (MCA:176) (BAPG:375) (another name is Skinner's Cloudywing)
Achalarus albociliatus
Coyote Cloudywing ______ (MCA:176) (BAPG:377)
Achalarus toxeus
Jalapus Cloudywing ______ (MCA:176)
Thessia (or Achalarus) jalpus

Genus THORYBES
Drusius (or White-fringed) Cloudywing ______ (MCA:176) (BAPG:245)
Thorybes drusius
Northern Cloudywing (ph) ______ (MCA:176) (BAPG:243)
Thorybes pylades

Northern Cloudywing
(photo by Marie Gardner)
Mexican Cloudywing (ph) ______ (MCA:176) (BAPG:243)
Thorybes mexciana

A Mexican Cloudywing photographed during a FONT tour
(photo by Marie Gardner)

Genus COGIA
Yellow-haired Skipper ______ (MCA:177) (another name is Yellow-haired Pyramid-Skipper)
Cogia cajeta
Cogia cajeta eluina "Darkened Yellow-haired Skipper" subspecies from western Mexico to Costa Rica (MCA:177)
Mimosa Skipper ______ (MCA:177)
Cogia calchas
Acacia Skipper ______ (MCA:177) (BAPG:245)
Cogia hippalus
Outis Skipper ______ (MCA:177)
Cogia outis
Gold-costa Skipper ______ (MCA:177) (BAPG:245)
Cogia caicus
Trimmed Skipper (MXe) _____ YP (MCA:177) (another name is Least Pyramid-Skipper)
Cogia aventinus
Guatemalan Skipper ______ (MCA:177) (another name is Pale Pyramid Skipper)
Cogia mala

Genus CABARES
Potrillo Skipper ______ (MCA:178) (BAPG:377)
Cabares potrillo

Genus SPATHILEPIA
Falcate Skipper ______ (MCA:178)
Spathilepia clonius

Genus TELEMIADES
Yellow-spotted Telemiades ______ (MCA:180) (another name is Yellow-spotted Leafhugger)
Telemiades avitas
Dark Telemiades ______ (MCA:180) (another name is Dark Leafhugger)
Telemiades nicomedes
Mexican Telemiades ______ BZ (MCA:179) (another name is Mexican Leafhugger)
Telemiades choricus
Small Telemiades ______ (species described in 1949)
Telemiades fides
Tawny Telemiades ______ (MCA:179) (another name is Tawny Leafhugger)
Telemiades megallus
Costa-spotted Telemiades ______ (MCA:180) (another name is Costa-spotted Leafhugger)
Telemiades amphion

Subfamily HETEROPTERINAE: SKIPPERLINGS

Genus DALLA
Bubobon Skipperling (MXe) ______
Dalla bubobon
Steinhauser's Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1991)
Dalla steinhauseri
Ligilla Skipperling ______
Dalla ligilla
Dyer's Skipperling ______
Dalla dividuum
Guerrero Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1955)
Dalla mentor
Pelon Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1991)
Dalla kemneri
Godman's Skipperling ______
Dalla lalage
Schaus' Skipperling ______
Dalla lethaea
West Mexican Skipperling (MXe) ______
Dalla faula
Gold-rayed Skipperling ______ (species described in 1969)
Dalla ramirezi
Chiapan Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1991)
Dalla nubes

Genus PIRUNA
Many-spotted Skipperling ______ (BAPG:271)
Piruna aea (or cingo)
Chocolate Skipperling ______
Piruna brunnea
Veracruz Skipperling ______
Piruna ceracates
Plateau Skipperling ______
Piruna cyclossticta
Violet-dusted Skipperling (MXe) ______
Piruna dampfi
Variable Skipperling (MXe) ______
Piruna gyrans
Chisos Skipperling ______ (species described in 1970)
Piruna haferniki
Oaxacan Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1991)
Piruna jonka
Kemner's Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1990)
Piruna kemneri
Sinaloan Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1970)
Piruna maculata
Southwest Mexican Skipperling (MXe) ______
Piruna microsticta (or ajijiciensis)
Miller's Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1991)
Piruna millerorum
Mullins' Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1991)
Piruna mullinsi
Hour-glass Skipperling (MXe) ______
Piruna penaea
Four-spotted Skipperling ______ (BAPG:269)
Piruna polingii
Purepecha Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1999)
Piruna purpecha
Roever's Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1972)
Piruna roeveri
Fine-spotted Skipperling (MXe) ______ (species described in 1970)
Piruna sina

Genus DARDARINA
Dardaris Skipperling ______
Dardarina dardaris

Subfamily HESPERIINAE: GRASS-SKIPPERS

Genus COPAEODES
Southern Skipperling ______
Copaeodes minimus
Orange Skipperling ______
Copaeodes aurantiaca

Genus VIDIUS
Pale-rayed Skipper ______ ok
Vidius perigenes

Genus SYNAPTE
"Sunrise" Malicious Skipper ______
Synapte malitiosa pecta

Genus CALLIMORMUS
Common Brown-Skipper ______
Callimormus saturnus

Genus MNASICLES
Frosted Brown-Skipper ______
Mnasicles geta

Genus METHIONOPSIS
Ina Brown-Skipper ______
Methionopsis ina

Genus CORTICEA
Redundant Skipper ______
Corticea corticea

Genus PHANES
Squiggly Brown-Skipper ______
Phanes aletes

Genus REMELLA
Whitened Remella ______
Remella remus

Genus MOERIS
Flag Skipper ______
Moeris striga stroma

Genus MORYS
Happy Skipper ______
Morys valerius valda

Genus LEREMA
Clouded Skipper ______ (BAPG:273)
Lerema accius
Liris Skipper ______
Lerema liris

Genus NASTRA
Julia's Skipper ______ (BAPG:271)
Nastra julia

Genus CYMAENES
Fawn-spotted Skipper ______
Cymaenes odilia
Three-spotted Skipper ______
Cymaenes tripunctus theogenis

Genus RHINTHON
Osca Skipper ______
Rhinthon osca

Genus ONOPHAS
Blue-glossed Skipper ______
Onophas columbaria

Genus VETTIUS
Fantastic Skipper ______
Vettius fantasos
Black-spotted Fantastic-Skipper ______
Vettius onaca
Blurry Fantastic-Skipper ______
Vettius tertianus
Two-toned Fantastic Skipper ______
Vettius lefrenaye pica

Genus LYCAS
Fantastic Ruby-eye ______
Lycas argentea

Genus CARYSTOIDES
Lila's Ruby-eye ______
Carystoides lila

Genus PERICHARES
Green-backed Ruby-eye ______
Perichares philetes

Genus DECINEA
Double-dotted Skipper ______
Decinea percosius

Genus CONGA
Hidden-ray Skipper ______
Conga chydaea

Genus CYNEA
Foggy Cynea ______
Cynea irma

Genus HYLEPHILA
Fiery Skipper ______
Hylephila phyleus

Fiery Skipper
(photo by Rise Hill)

Genus ATALOPEDES
Sachem ______ ok
Atalopedes campestris

Genus POLITES
Sandhill Skipper ______
Polites sabuleti
Sonoran Skipper ______
Polites sonora
Whirlabout ______
Polites vibex

Genus POANES
Umber Skipper ______
Poanes melane

Genus STINGA
Kendamulaza Skipper (MXe) ______ (species described in 2009)
Stinga kendamulaza

Genus QUINTA
Mimic Skipper ______
Quinta cannae

Genus QUASIMELLANA
Mexican Mellana ______ BZ
Quasimellana mexicana
Common Mellana ______ ok
Quasimellana eulogius
Coastal Mellana (MXe) ______ (species describe in 1959)
Quasimellana agnesae
Sibling Mellana (MXe) ______ (species described in 1994)
Quasimellana siblinga
Swarthy Mellana ______
Quasimellana servilius
Blue Mellana ______
Quasimellana myron

Genus LIBRITA
Librita Skipper ______
Librita librita

Genus POMPEIUS
Little Glassywing ______
Pompeius verna
Pompeius Skipper ______ (another name is Common Glassywing)
Pompeius pompeius
Dares Skipper ______
Pompeius dares

Genus WALLENGRENIA
Southern Broken-Dash ______
Wallengrenia otho

Genus AMBLYSCIRTES
Toltec Roadside-Skipper ______
Amblyscirtes tolteca

Genus LERODEA
Eufala Skipper ______
Lerodea eufala
Violet-clouded Skipper ______
Lerodea arabus

Genus NYCTELIUS
Violet-banded Skipper ______
Nyctelius nyctelius

Genus PANOQUINA
Obscure Skipper ______
Panoquina panquinoides
Ocola Skipper ______
Panoquina ocola
Purple-washed Skipper ______
Panoquina sylvicola
Hecebolus Skipper ______
Panoquina hecebolus
Poor Panoquin ______
Panoquina pauper
Evan's Skipper ______
Panoquina fusina

Genus XENIADES
Aladdin's Skipper ______
Xeniades orchamus

Genus CALPODES
Brazilian Skipper ______
Calpodes ethlius

Genus THESPIEUS
Ochre-marked Therra ______
Thespieus aspernatus
Chocolate-marked Therra ______
Thespieus dalman

Genus SALIANA
Fuzzy Saliana ______
Saliana fusta

Genus NEOXENIADES
Frosted Mimic-Skipper ______
Neoxeniades scipio luda
Green-faced Mimic-Skipper ______
Neoxeniades molion

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