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E-mail: font@focusonnature.com
Phone: Toll-free in USA 1-888-721-3555
 or 302/529-1876

 

CENTRAL AMERICA
BIRDS

Thrushes to Buntings
 

 Noting those found during 
Focus On Nature Tours
with an (*).  

1991 thru 2015 

during the months of January, 
 February, March, April, July, December



 Part 4 of a Central America Bird List with some Photos,
compiled by Armas Hill 

Photo at upper right: OLIVE-BACKED EUPHONIA

Codes:

(t): a globally threatened or rare species, designated by Birdlife International
 (t1): critical
 (t2): endangered
 (t3): vulnerable
(nt): a near-threatened species globally

In the list that follows, relating to sightings during FONT tours, the country & the months are noted.
BZ:    Belize
CR:   Costa Rica    
GU:   Guatemala
HN:    Honduras
PN:    Panama

(CAi): introduced species

(ph):  species with a photo in the FONT web-site 

Links to Bird Groupings in this part of this list: 

Thrushes     Dipper     Pipit     Olive Warbler     Euphonias & Chlorophonias

Goldfinch, Siskins, Grosbeak, Crossbill     New World Warblers     Wrenthrushes & Chats

New World Orioles, Blackbirds, & Allies     Bananaquit    New World Sparrows & Allies

Tanagers & Allies     Conebill & Flower-piercers     Grassquits, Seedeaters, & Finches

Dickcissel, Saltators, Grosbeaks, & Allies 


Links to Other Parts of this Central American Bird List:

Part #1: Tinamous to Doves    Part #2: Macaws to Woodpeckers    Part #3: Manakins to Thrashers

Links to Lists of Birds in:   Belize     Costa Rica     Guatemala     Honduras     Panama

Links to Lists & Photo Galleries of Other Nature, including Central American:  

Mammals     Butterflies     Amphibians, Reptiles     Marine Life, inc. Fish, Crustaceans


Links to Information about Upcoming FONT Birding & Nature Tours:

in Central America     by month, in:   2015   2016   or:    by geographic location

Other Links:

FONT Past Tour Highlights

Directory of Photos in this Website



      

 Birds:


       THRUSHES:

  1. Brown-backed Solitaire  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar
    Myadestes occidentalis oberholseri
  2. Slate-colored Solitaire  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,apr,jun  HN:feb
    Myadestes u. unicolor  
  3. Black-faced Solitaire (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Myadestes melanops      (monotypic)
  4. Black-billed Nightingale-Thrush (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Catharus g. gracilirostris
  5. Spotted Nightingale-Thrush  (*)  ______  GU:apr,jul  HN:feb
    Catharus d, dryas
  6. Orange-billed Nightingale-Thrush  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,apr,jun.dec  HN:dec  PN:mar
     Catharus aurantiirostris 
    Catharus aurantiirostris costaricensis      (subspecies in most of Costa Rica)
    Catharus aurantiirostris russatus      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 

  7. Slaty-backed Nightingale-Thrush  (*) ______  CR:apr,dec'jan  PN:mar
     Catharus fuscater hellmayri
  8. Ruddy-capped Nightingale-Thrush  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul  GU:apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb
     Catharus f. frantzii
  9. Black-headed Nightingale-Thrush  (*) ______  CR:mar  GU:apr
     Catharus mexicanus carrikeri
  10. Gray-cheeked Thrush  (*) ______  CR:apr  GU:apr
     Catharus minimus      (2 subspecies migrate south from, and north to North America)
  11. Swainson's Thrush  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,apr,dec  PN:mar,oct
     Catharus ustulatus      (4 of 6 subspecies migrate as far south as Costa Rica) 
  12. Veery  (*) ______  CR:apr
     Catharus fuscescens      (4 subspecies migrate south from, and north to North America)

  13. Wood Thrush  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec
     Hylocichla     (formerly Catharus) mustelinus  (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
  14. Rufous-collared Thrush  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Turdus rufitorques
  15. Black Thrush  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Turdus infuscatus
  16. Sooty Thrush (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Turdus nigrescens      (monotypic) 

    The Sooty Thrush has been called the Sooty Robin.



    A Sooty Thrush photographed during a FONT tour in Costa Rica
     (photo by Marie Gardner)

  17. Mountain Thrush  (*) _______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Turdus p. plebejus

         The Mountain Thrush has been called the Mountain Robin. 
  18. Pale-vented Thrush  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  PN:feb 
    Turdus o. obsoletus 

         The Pale-vented Thrush has been called the Pale-vented Robin, and has been said, at various times, to be conspecific with the Cocoa Thrush and Hauxwell's Thrush, both of South America.
  19. Clay-colored Thrush  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov   
     Turdus grayi casius

         The Clay-colored Thrush has been called the Clay-colored Robin. It is the national bird of Costa Rica.
  20. White-throated Thrush  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:mar 
    Turdus assimilis cnephosus 

         The White-throated Thrush has been called the White-throated Robin. It is closely related to, and has previously been conspecific with the White-necked Thrush of South America.  
  21. Eastern Bluebird  (*) (ph)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Sialia sialis guatemalae 



    Eastern Bluebird
         (photo by Howard Eskin)


         DIPPER

  22. American Dipper  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan
     Cinclus mexicanus ardesiacus


         OLD WORLD SPARROW     and MUNIA 
  23. House Sparrow  (CAi) (*) ______  BZ:feb  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:mar,apr  PN:feb,nov
     Passer domesticus

  24. Black-headed Munia (CAi) ______  (also called Tricolored Munia)
    Lonchura malacca 
    In 1999, a small population of Black-headed Munias was discovered in Costa Rica east of Filadelfia, in Guanacaste.


    PIPIT
  25. Yellowish Pipit  (*)  ______  PN:feb
     Anthus lutescens parvus

    OLIVE WARBLER

  26. Olive Warbler  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:apr
    Peucedramus t. taeniatus      (the single member of its family & genus)


    EUPHONIAS and CHLOROPHONIAS

  27. Scrub Euphonia  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb,dec
     Euphonia a. affinis
  28. Yellow-crowned Euphonia  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug  (total range from Nicaragua to Panama)
     Euphonia luteicapilla  (monotypic)



    Yellow-crowned Euphonia
     (photo by Ruben Campos)
  29. Thick-billed Euphonia  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  PN:feb,jul,mar,aug,nov
     Euphonia laniirostris crassirostris



    A Thick-billed Euphonia photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  30. Yellow-throated Euphonia  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:apr,dec
     Euphonia hirundinacea gnatho



    Yellow-throated Euphonia
         (photo by Marie Gardner)

  31. Olive-backed Euphonia  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:dec  PN:feb
     Euphonia gouldi praetermissa



    Olive-backed Euphonia
     (photo by Ruben Campos) 
  32. White-vented Euphonia  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan
     Euphonia minuta humilis
  33. Spot-crowned Euphonia  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Euphonia imitans      (monotypic)
  34. Tawny-capped Euphonia  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,dec/jan  PN:feb  (total range from Costa Rica to northwestern Colombia)
    Euphonia a. anneae
  35. Elegant Euphonia  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  PN:feb,mar 
    Euphonia e. elegantissma

         The Elegant Euphonia in Central America was called the Blue-hooded Euphonia when that species included the Antillean Euphonia of the West Indies and the Golden-rumped Euphonia of South America.
  36. Fulvous-vented Euphonia  (*) ______  PN:aug
    Euphonia f. fulvicrissa 
  37. Blue-crowned Chlorophonia  (*)  ______  GU:apr,jun,jul  HN:feb
    Chlorophonia occipitalis      (monotypic)
  38. Golden-browed Chlorophonia  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar,apr,dec/jan  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Chlorophonia callophrys  (monotypic) 

    The Golden-browed Chlorophonia was at one time considered conspecific with the Blue-crowned Chlorophonia of northern Central America. 



    Golden-browed Chlorophonia
     (photo by Ruben Campos) 


    GOLDFINCH, SISKINS, GROSBEAK, CROSSBILL

  39. Lesser Goldfinch  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar
     Carduelis psaltria colombiana



    Lesser Goldfinch
    (photo by Rhett Poppe)
  40. Black-headed Siskin  (*) ______  BZ:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:apr
    Carduelis notata 
  41. Black-capped Siskin  ______  GU:feb,dec
    Carduelis atriceps
  42. Yellow-bellied Siskin  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  PN:feb,mar
     Carduelis x. xanthogastra
  43. Hooded Grosbeak  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec
    Hesperiphona     (formerly Coccothraustes) abeillei cobanensis
  44. Red Crossbill  (*)  ______  GU:jan  HN:feb
    Loxia curvirostra mesoamericana


         NEW WORLD WARBLERS
  45. Black-and-white Warbler  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,aug
     Mniotilta varia      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 
  46. Prothonotary Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:mar  HN:feb  PN:feb,aug,nov
     Protonotaria citrea      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)



    Prothonotary Warbler
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
  47. Worm-eating Warbler  (*) ______  CBZ:feb  CR:mar,apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  HN:dec
     Helmitheros vermivorus      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  48. Golden-winged Warbler  (nt) (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  HN:dec  PN:feb,mar
     Vermivora chrysoptera
  49. Blue-winged Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:mar(rare)  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,dec  PN:feb(rare)
         Vermivora pinus



    Blue-winged Warbler
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
  50. Tennessee Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,nov
     Oreothlypis peregrina      (formerly Vermivora peregrina)

  51. Orange-crowned Warbler  (CRr) (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar  GU:feb,apr,dec
    Oreothlypis celata      (formerly Vermivora) celata  
    In Costa Rica, there are only a few records of the Orange-crowned Warbler. 



    Orange-crowned Warbler
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
  52. Nashville Warbler  (CRr) (ph) ______  BZ:feb  GU:feb,mar,apr,dec
    Oreothlypis ruficapilla      (formerly Vermivora ruficapilla)

    In Costa Rica, the Nashville Warbler is an uncommon migrant from North America.



    Nashville Warbler
    (photo by Clair de Beauvior)
  53. Crescent-chested Warbler  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Oreothlypis s. superciliosa      (formerly Parula s. superciliosa) 

  54. Flame-throated Warbler  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Oreothlypis     (formerly Parula) gutturalis
  55. Northern Parula  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb  CR:mar  GU:jan,mar,apr
     Setophaga americana      (formerly Parula americana)  (monotypic)



    A Northern Parula photographed during a FONT tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  56. Tropical Parula  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  HN:apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul
     Setophaga     (formerly Parula) pitiayumi speciosa
  57. Yellow Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr.dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN;feb,mar,aug,nov
     Setophaga aestiva      (formerly Dendroica aestiva) 



    Yellow Warbler
    (photo by Howard Eskin)
  58. Mangrove Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar  PN:feb,aug,nov  
     Setophaga erithachorides  (formerly Dendroica erithachorides)

         The Mangrove Warbler has been considered part of the Yellow Warbler.



    Mangrove Warbler
         (photo by Abram Fleishman)
  59. Magnolia Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,oct
     Setophaga magnolia      (formerly Dendroica magnolia)



    Magnolia Warbler
         (photo by Howard Eskin)
  60. Cape May Warbler  (CRr) (*) ______  CR:dec/jan
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) tigrina  (monotypic) 
    In Costa Rica, the Cape May Warbler is a rare migrant from North America, occurring from late November until mid-May.  

  61. Black-throated Blue Warbler  (CRr) (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:dec
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) caerulescens  
    In Costa Rica, the Black-throated Blue Warbler is a rare North American migrant occurring from October to March. 
     
  62. "Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar  CR:dec/jan  GU:mar,apr  HN:feb,apr
     Setophaga c. coronata      (formerly Dendroica c. coronata) 



    The "Myrtle" Yellow-rumped Warbler, in non-breeding plumage


    "Audubon's" Yellow-rumped Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  GU:jan,dec  HN:apr
    Setophaga coronata auduboni      (formerly Dendroica coronata auduboni)  



    The "Audubon's" Yellow-rumped Warbler in breeding plumage
    (photo by Sally Brady)


    "Goldman's" Yellow-rumped Warbler  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Setophaga coronata goldmani      (formerly Dendroica coronata goldmani)
  63. Black-throated Gray Warbler  (GUr) (*)  ______  GU:apr
    Setophaga nigrescens      (formerly Dendroica nigrescens)
  64. Yellow-throated Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:apr  HN:dec  PN:feb
     Setophaga dominica albilora      (formerly Dendroica dominica albilora)



    A Yellow-throated Warbler
    One joined us every morning at breakfast at Crooked Tree
    during our Belize tour in March 2007
     (photo by Clair de Beauvior)
     
  65. Chestnut-sided Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:jan,mar,apr,may,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,nov
     Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) pensylvanica



    A Chestnut-sided Warbler photographed in Belize
    The species is quite common during its non-breeding season in Costa Rica.  
    (photo by Marie Grenouillet)
  66. Hermit Warbler  (CRr) (*) ______  CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec
     Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) occidentalis
  67. Black-throated Green Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Setophaga virens      (formerly Dendroica virens)



    Black-throated Green Warbler
     (photo by Clair de Beauvior)
  68. Townsend's Warbler  (CRr) (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec
     Setophaga townsendi      (formerly Dendroica townsendi)
  69. Golden-cheeked Warbler  (t2) (CRr) (*)  ______ GU:dec  HN:feb
    Setophaga chrysoparia      (formerly Dendroica chrysoparia)  (monotypic)
    The endangered Golden-cheeked Warbler is a recent addition to the Cost Rica bird-list. There have been 4 recent records, scattered throughout the central part of the country from 1500 to1850 meters above sea level. Those records were in September 2002, April 2003, December 2004, & October 2005. These sightings were both in forests and in agricultural areas with scattered trees. Previously, this migrant from Texas was known to winter as far south as Nicaragua. 

  70. Prairie Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:dec/jan  GU:mar,apr
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) discolor  
    In Costa Rica, the Prairie Warbler is a very rare North American migrant, occurring from late August to March.

  71. Cerulean Warbler  (t3) (*) ______  CR:apr  GU:apr
     Setophaga cerulea      (formerly Dendroica cerulea)
  72. Blackburnian Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:apr  PN:feb,mar
     Setophaga     fusca  (formerly Dendroica fusca)



    A female Blackburnian Warbler
     (photo by Clair de Beauvior)
  73. Bay-breasted Warbler  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:apr  PN:feb,mar,nov
     Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) castanea
  74. Blackpoll Warbler  (ph) ______  GU:apr,may
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) striata
    In Costa Rica, the Blackpoll Warbler is a very rare migrant from North America, occurring from mid-October to late March.   

  75. Pine Warbler  (ph) ______
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) pinus  
    In Costa Rica, the Pine Warbler a very rare migrant from North America, with records from late August to mid-November along the Caribbean coast and in the Central Valley.

  76. Grace's Warbler  (*)  ______  BZ:mar,apr  GU:feb,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec
    Setophaga     (formerly Dendroica) graciae remota
  77. Palm Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb
    Setophaga palmarum      (formerly Dendroica palmarum)
    In Costa Rica, the Palm Warbler is a rare North American migrant, occurring from mid-October to April, up to 800 meters above sea level. 



    Palm Warbler
         (photo by Leroy Tabb)
  78. American Redstart  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb
     Setophaga ruticilla      (now said to be monotypic)  



    A female American Redstart
    (photo by Clair de Beauvior)
  79. Ovenbird  (*) (ph) ______  BR:apr  CR:dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Seiurus aurocapillus



    Ovenbird
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  80. Northern Waterthrush  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,oct
     Parkesia noveboracensis      (formerly Seiurus noveboracensis)

  81. Louisiana Waterthrush  (*) ______  BZ:feb  CR:jan,feb,mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,dec  HN:mar,dec  PN:feb
     Parkesia motacilla      (formerly Seiurus motacilla)

  82. Common Yellowthroat  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,apr  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Geothlypis trichas



    A Common Yellowthroat during the FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  83. Olive-crowned Yellowthroat  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Geothlypis semiflava
  84. Gray-crowned Yellowthroat  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,dec
     Chamaethlypis poliocephala 
    Chamaethlypis poliocephala palpebralis      (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
    Chamaethlypis poliocephala icterotis          (subspecies in western Costa Rica)
    Chamaethlypis poliocephala ridgwayi      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 

    Other names for Chamaethlypis poliocephala have been "Ground Chat" and "Meadow Warbler".
  85. Chiriqui Yellowthroat  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr
    Geothlypis chiriquensis      (monotypic)  

         The Chiriqui Yellowthroat is closely related to the Masked Yellowthroat of South America, Geothlypis aequinoctialis, from which 2 other species on that continent have recently been split.
    Some have said that the Chiriqui Yellowthroat is still part of the Masked Yellowthroat.

  86. Kentucky Warbler  (*) ______  BZ:feb  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,dec
     Geothlypis formosus      (formerly Oporornis formosus)
  87. Mourning Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:apr  PN:feb
     Geothlypis philadelphia      (formerly Oporornis philadelphia)

  88. MacGillivrays' Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:apr  GU:feb,apr,dec
     Geothlypis tolmiei      (formerly Oporornis tolmiei)



    A MacGillivray's Warbler photographed during a FONT tour  
  89. Connecticut Warbler  (ph)  ______
    Oporornis agilis      (monotypic. and the single member of its genus)
    In Costa Rica, the Connecticut Warbler is an uncommon to rare North American migrant, occurring from October to March, up to about 800 meters above sea level.    

  90. Wilson's Warbler  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Cardellina     (formerly Wilsonia) pusilla
  91. Hooded Warbler  (*)  ______  BZ:feb,mar GU:jan,feb,mar,apr  HN:feb,apr,dec
    Setophaga     (formerly Wilsonia) citrina
  92. Canada Warbler  (*) (ph) ______  CR:feb,apr,dec/jan
     Cardellina     (formerly Wilsonia) canadensis
  93. Red-faced Warbler  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,dec  HN:apr
    Cardellina rubrifrons      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus) 
  94. Painted Whitestart  (*) (ph)  ______  GU:jan,apr,dec  HN:apr,dec
    Myioborus pictus guatemalae

    Myioborus pictus     has been called Painted Redstart.



    Painted Whitestart

  95. Slate-throated Whitestart  (*)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,dec  PN:feb,mar 
    Myioborus miniatus 
    Myioborus miniatus comptus          (subspecies in western Costa Rica)
    Myioborus miniatus aurantiacus          (subspecies in eastern Costa Rica)

    Myioborus miniatus has been called Slate-throated Redstart.

  96. Collared Whitestart  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Myioborus torquatus      (monotypic) 

         Myioborus torquatus has been called Collared Redstart.



    A Collared Whitestart  photographed during a FONT Costa Rica tour
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  97. Pink-headed Warbler  (t3) (*) ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Cardellina versicolor      (formerly Ergaticus versicolor)
     
  98. Fan-tailed Warbler  (*) ______  GU:apr
    Basileuterus l. lachrymosa   
  99. Stripe-crowned Warbler  (*) ______ CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:dec  PN:mar
     Basileuterus culcivorus 
    Basileuterus c. culcivorus          (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
    Basileuterus culcivorus godmani      (subspecies in southern Costa Rica) 

    The Stripe-crowned Warbler has been called the Golden-crowned Warbler.
  100. Golden-browed Warbler  (*) ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec
    Basileuterus belli scitulus
  101. Rufous-capped Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Basileuterus rufifrons



    A Rufous-capped Warbler photographed during a FONT tour
         (photo by Marie Gardner)
  102. Chestnut-capped Warbler  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU  HN:feb,mar,dec  PN:mar,aug
     Basileuterus delattrii 
    Basileuterus d. delattrii      (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
    Basileuterus delattrii mesochrysus          (subspecies in southern Costa Rica) 

    The Chestnut-capped Warbler has been said by some to be conspecific with the Rufous-capped Warbler (ph) of northern Central America & Mexico.
  103. Black-cheeked Warbler  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Basileuterus m. melanogernys
  104. Three-striped Warbler  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Basileuterus tristriatus chitrensis
  105. Buff-rumped Warbler  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,jul
     Phaeothlypis fulvicauda 
    Phaeothlypis fulvicauda leucopygia      (subspecies in most of Costa Rica)
    Phaeothlypis fulvicauda veraguensis          (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 

    The Buff-rumped Warbler is closely related to the Riverbank Warbler of South America.   



    A Buff-rumped     Warbler photographed during a FONT tour
    (photo by Marie Gardner)


         WRENTHRUSH and CHATS
  106. Wrenthrush  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul  PN:feb 
    Zeledonia coronata      (monotypic)

    The Wrenthrush has also been called the Zeledonia. 
  107. Yellow-breasted Chat  (ph) ______  BZ:mar  GU:jan,mar,apr  HN:dec
    Icteria virens



    Yellow-breasted Chat
         (photo by Clair de Beauvior)
  108. Gray-throated Chat  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:apr  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun
    Granatellus sallaei boucardi



    An immature Gray-throated Chat photographed during a FONT tour
         (photo by Marie Gardner)  


     NEW WORLD ORIOLES, BLACKBIRDS, and ALLIES
  109. Chestnut-headed Oropendola  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  GU:feb,apr,jun  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug,oct
    Zarhynchus wagleri ridgwayi
  110. Montezuma Oropendola  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb
    Psarocolius montezuma      (monotypic)



    A Montezuma Oropendola photographed during a FONT tour.
     (photo by Marie Gardner)

  111. Crested Oropendola  (CRr) (*) (ph) ______  PN:nov
    Psarocolius decumanus
    The Crested Oropendola, a bird in Panama and throughout South America, was first found in Costa Rica in 1999, and seems to be expanding its range northward. The initial sightings in Costa Rica were on the far-southern Pacific slope. 

  112. Black Oropendola  (*)  ______  PN:feb,jul  (species restricted to eastern Panama & northwestern Colombia)
    Psarocolius guatimozinus
  113. Yellow-winged Cacique  (*)  ______  GU:mar,apr  PN:feb,mar,aug
    Cacicus melanicterus 
  114. Scarlet-rumped Cacique  (*) ______  CR:jan,mar,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
    Cacicus microrhynchus microrhynchus
  115. "Western" Yellow-rumped Cacique  (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,oct,nov
    Cacicus cela vitellinus
  116. Yellow-billed Cacique  (*) ______  BZ:apr  CR:feb,apr,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,jul  HN:apr  PN:jul
     Amblycercus     (formerly Cacicus) h. holosericeus
  117. Hooded Oriole  (*)  ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr
    Icterus cucullatus
  118. Altamira Oriole  (*)  ______  BZ:feb  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,dec
    Icterus gularis 

         At one time, Icterus gularis was called the Lichtenstein's Oriole.

  119. Bar-winged Oriole  (*)  ______  GU:feb,apr,jun
    Icterus maculialatus
      
  120. Black-vented Oriole  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec
    Icterus w. wagleri

         Another name for Icterus wagleri has been the Wagler's Oriole. 

  121. Yellow-backed Oriole  (*)  ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul  HN:apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
    Icterus chrysater
  122. Yellow-tailed Oriole  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,jun  PN:feb,mar,aug,nov
     Icterus mesomelas salvinii



    A Yellow-tailed Oriole photographed during a FONT tour
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  123. Spot-breasted Oriole  (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Icterus pectoralis espinachi



    A Spot-breasted Oriole photographed during a FONT tour in Guatemala. 
         (photo by Marie Gardner)
  124. Streak-backed Oriole  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:mar,dec  HN:mar,dec
     Icteus pustulatus sclateri
  125. Baltimore Oriole  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar 
    Icterus galbula      (monotypic) 

    The Baltimore Oriole was merged for a while with the Bullock's Oriole (below), and was then called the Northern Oriole.
  126. Bullock's Oriole  (*) (ph) ______  CR:dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,dec 
    Icteus bullockii      (monotypic)

  127. Orchard Oriole  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug,nov
     Icterus s. spurius
  128. Black-cowled Oriole  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun  PN:feb
    Icterus prosthemelas

         The Black-cowled Oriole was conspecific with orioles in the Caribbean that became the Greater Antillean Oriole, until further split to be 4 species: the Hispaniolan Oriole, Puerto Rican Oriole, Cuban Oriole, & Bahama Oriole. 
  129. Orange-crowned Oriole  (*) ______  PN:feb,jul  (occurs from eastern Panama to northern Venezuela)
    Icterus auricapillus      (monotypic)
      
  130. Red-winged Blackbird  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:apr,dec
     Agelaius phoeniceus grinnelli
  131. Yellow-headed Blackbird  (CRr) (ph) ______
    Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus      (the single member of its genus)
  132. Red-breasted Blackbird  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov 
    Sturnella     (formerly Leistes) militaris  (monotypic) 

    The Red-breasted Blackbird is a recent arrival in Costa Rica, where it is now fairly common in the southern Pacific lowlands and uncommon in the Caribbean lowlands.



    A Red-breasted Blackbird photographed during a FONT tour 
    (photo by Marie Gardner)

  133. Eastern Meadowlark  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Sturnella magna subulata



    The resident race of the Eastern Meadowlark in the farmland of Belize
    (photographed by Alan Brady during a FONT tour in March 2007)
      
  134. Melodious Blackbird  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  
     Dives dives      (monotypic)

         In Costa Rica, the Melodious Blackbird was first found in Costa Rica in 1987. It is now widespread and fairly common in the country. The bird has been a species of northern Central America.
      
  135. Great-tailed Grackle  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Quiscalus mexicanus peruvianus



    Great-tailed Grackle
    (photo by Dick Tipton)
  136. Nicaraguan Grackle  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  (total range limited to southern Nicaragua & northern Costa Rica)
     Quiscalus nicaraguensis      (monotypic)

  137. Bronzed Cowbird  (*) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Molothrus a. aeneus
  138. Giant Cowbird  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jul  HN:feb,apr  PN:feb,jul
     Molothrus     (formerly Scaphidura) oryzivorus impacifa
  139. Shiny Cowbird  (BZr,CRr) ______  BZ:mar  PN:jul
    Molothrus bonariensis
    The Shiny Cowbird is a recent addition to the Costa Rica bird-list. It was first noted in the country in April 2004 south of Cahuita, and since then sightings have continued in that area of the southern Caribbean lowlands. 

  140. Bobolink  (ph) ______
    Dolichonyx oryzivorus      (the single member of its genus)

    BANANAQUIT

  141. Bananaquit  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,oct,nov
     Coereba flaveola mexicana


         NEW WORLD SPARROWS and ALLIES

  142. Orange-billed Sparrow  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:apr  PN:feb,mar
     Arremon aurantiirostris 
    Arremon a. aurantiirostris          (subspecies in western Costa Rica)
    Arremon aurantiirostris rufidorsalis          (subspecies otherwise in Costa Rica)
    An Orange-billed Sparrow photographed during a FONT tour
         (photo by Marie Gardner)
  143. "Pacific" Olive Sparrow  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul,dec/jan
     Arremonops rufivirgatus superciliosus 

         3 forms of the Olive Sparrow are closely related. They may be conspecific. They may not be. 
  144. "Yucatan" Olive Sparrow  (*)  ______  BZ:feb,apr
    Arremonops rufivirgatus verticalis
  145. Green-backed Sparrow  (*) ______  BZ:feb  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:dec
    Arremonops c. chloronotus
  146. Black-striped Sparrow  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,aug,oct  (has been considered conspecific with Green-backed Sparrow)
     Arremonops conirostris richmondi  
  147. White-eared Ground Sparrow  (*) (ph) ______  CR:apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jun,jul
     Melozone l. leucotis      (subspecies in Costa Rica)
    Melozone leucotis occipitalis      (subspecies in Guatemala) 



    White-eared Ground Sparrow
         (photo by Ruben Campos)
  148. Prevost's Ground Sparrow  (*)  ______  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,dec  
    Melozone biarcuata  (monotypic) 

    The Prevost's Ground Sparrow was previously considered conspecific with the Cabanis' Ground Sparrow (below) of southern Central America, and the Rusty-crowned Ground Sparrow, Melozone lieneri, of Mexico.   



    A Prevost's Ground Sparrow photographed during a FONT tour in Guatemala 
         (photo by Marie Gardner)
  149. Cabanis' Ground Sparrow  (*) ______  CR
    Melozone cabanisi  

         As noted above, the Cabannis' Ground Sparrow is now considered distinct from the more-northerly Prevost's Ground Sparrow (above). When they were merged, the species was called the White-faced Ground Sparrow. 

  150. Spotted Towhee  (*) (ph)  ______  GU:feb,apr,jun,dec
    Pipilo maculatus
  151. Lincoln's Sparrow  (CRr) ______  GU:mar
    Melospiza lincolnii
  152. Grasshopper Sparrow  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jul
     Ammodramus savannarum bimaculatus
  153. Chipping Sparrow  (CRr) (ph) ______  BZ:apr  GU:apr,jun
    Spizella passerina
  154. Lark Sparrow  (CRr) (ph) ______
    Chondestes grammacus      (the single member of its genus) 
  155. Rusty Sparrow  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:apr  GU:mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec
     Aimophila rufescens hypaethrus
  156. Stripe-headed Sparrow  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec
     Aimophila r. ruficauda 

    Aimophila ruficauda     has also been called the Russet-tailed Sparrow.



    A Stripe-headed Sparrow photographed during 
    the FONT tour in northern Costa Rica in March 2012 
         (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)
  157. Botteri's Sparrow  (*)  ______  GU:apr
    Aimophila botterii
  158. "Guatemalan" Yellow-eyed Junco  (*)  ______  GU:mar,apr,jun
    Junco phaeonotus alticola
  159. Volcano Junco  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
    Junco vulcani      (monotypic)



    A Volcano Junco photographed during a FONT tour
    in southern Costa Rica in March 2012
     (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)

  160. Rufous-collared Sparrow  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar
    Zonotrichia capensis 
    Zonotrichia capensis septentrionalis      (subspecies in Guatemala; the northernmost of 20 subspecies)
    Zonotrichia capensis costaricensis      (subspecies in Costa Rica & Panama)






    Rufous-collared Sparrows photographed during FONT tours 
         (The upper photo in Guatemala by Marie Gardner;
     the lower photo in Costa Rica in March 2012 by Virginia Woodhouse)  

    TANAGERS and ALLIES

  161. Common Bush Tanager  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar
    Chlorospingus flavopectus     (formerly ophthalmicus)  (throughout the extensive range in Central & South America, there are said to be 27 subspecies)
         Chlorospingus flavopectus regionalis  (subspecies in eastern Costa Rica & western Panama)
    Chlorospingus flavopectus novicius      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica & the in the Chiriqui Province of Panama)

  162. Sooty-capped Bush Tanager  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Chlorospingus p. pileatus
  163. Ashy-throated Bush Tanager  (*) ______  CR
    Chlorospingus canigularis olivaceiceps
  164. Yellow-throated Bush-Tanager  (*)  ______  PN:feb
    Chlorospingus flavigularis hypophaeus
  165. Black-and-yellow Tanager  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & Panama)
     Chrysothlypis chrysomelas titanota
  166. Dusky-faced Tanager  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Mitrospingus cassinii costaridensis
  167. Gray-headed Tanager  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,jun  PN:mar,jul,aug
     Eucometis penicillata     (the single member of its genus) 
    Eucometis penicillata spodocephala          (subspecies in western Costa Rica)
    Eucometis penicillata stictohorax      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica)

  168. White-throated Shrike-Tanager  (*) _____  CR:mar,dec/jan  (total range from eastern Honduras to Panama)
     Lanio leucothorax 
    Lanio l. leucothorax          (subspecies in eastern Costa Rica)
    Lanio leucothorax reversus          (subspecies in northwest Costa Rica)
    Lanio leucothorax melanopygius      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica)

  169. Black-throated Shrike-Tanager  (*) ______  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun
    Lanio aurantius      (monotypic)
  170. White-shouldered Tanager  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Tachyphonus luctuosus axillaris
  171. Tawny-crested Tanager  (*) ______  CR:mar,jul  PN:jul,aug
     Tachyphonus delatrii      (monotypic)

  172. White-lined Tanager  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,maar,aug
     Tachyphonus rufus      (monotypic)
  173. Carmiol's Tanager  (*) ______  CR:jul  
     Chlorothraupis c. carmioli 

     The Carmiol's Tanager was considered conspecific with the Olive Tanager of South America.   
  174. Red-crowned Ant Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb  CR:feb,mar  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:feb  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Habia rubica
     Habia rubica alfaroana  (subspecies in northwest Costa Rica)
    Habia rubica vinacea          (subspecies in southern & western Costa Rica) 
  175. Red-throated Ant Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct
     Habia f. fuscicauda
  176. Black-cheeked Ant Tanager  (t2) (CRe) (*) ______  CR:feb,dec/jan  (total range restricted to a limited area of southern Costa Rica)  
    Habia atrimaxillaris      (monotypic)

  177. Hepatic Tanager  (*) ______  BZ:mar  GU:apr  HN:apr,dec
    Piranga hepatica
  178. Tooth-billed Tanager  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb   
     Piranga lutea testacea 

         The Tooth-billed Tanager has been conspecifric with the more-northerly Hepatic Tanager, Piranga hepatica, and with what is now the more-southerly Red Tanger, Piranga flava, in South America.  
  179. Summer Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,nov
     Piranga r. rubra
  180. Scarlet Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  CR:apr  GU:apr  HN:apr  PN:mar,nov
     Piranga olivacea      (monotypic)

  181. Western Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Piranga ludoviciana      (monotypic)

  182. Flame-colored Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Piranga bidentata citrea

         Another name for Piranga bidentata has been the Streak-backed Tanager.



    Flame-colored Tanagers. Male, above; female below.
         (photos by Ruben Campos)



  183. White-winged Tanager  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  GU:mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Piranga leucoptera latifasciata
  184. Crimson-collared Tanager  (*) ______  BZ:mar  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,apr  HN:apr,dec  PN:feb
     Phlogothraupis sanguinolenta      (the single member of its genus, although has been said to be the genus Ramphocelus)
  185. Passerini's Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  HN:feb,apr,dec
    Ramphocelus passerini 

         The Passerini's Tanager was called the Scarlet-rumped Tanager when it was conspecific with the Cherrie's Tanager (below).



    Passerini's Tanager
         (photo courtesy of Doris Potter)
  186. Cherrie's Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,apr  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Ramphocelus costaricensis

    The Cherrie's Tanager was part of the former Scarlet-rumped Tanager, as was the Passerini's Tanager (above).



    Above: a female Cherrie's Tanager     (photo courtesy of Ruben Campos)
    Below: a male Cherrie's Tanager photographed during a FONT tour
    in Costa Rica in March 2012      (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)
  187. Crimson-backed Tanager  (*) ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
    Ramphocelus d. dimidiatus
          
  188. Lemon-rumped Tanager  (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct 
    Ramphocelus (flammigerus) icteronotus 

         The Lemon-rumped Tanager, or Yellow-rumped Tanager, is now considered conspecific with the Flame-rumped Tanager, Ramphocelus flammigerus, of central Colombia. 
    The combined species is generally called the Flame-rumped Tanager, but that name is rather problematic as in much of the range the rump is yellow.
    The range of the "Yellow-rumped Tanager" is in Panama, western Colombia, and Ecuador.



    In one photo, two tanagers feeding on mango.
    Left: a Blue-gray Tanager, right: the Lemon-rumped, or Yellow-rumped Tanager
    (photo by Marie Gardner during a FONT tour) 
      
  189. Blue-gray Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Thraupis episcopus cana



    A Blue-gray Tanager photographed during a FONT tour
    in Costa Rica in March 2012
     (photo by Virginia Woodhouse) 
  190. Yellow-winged Tanager  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec
    Thraupis abbas      (monotypic)



    A Yellow-winged Tanager during a FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  191. Palm Tanager  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Thraupis palmarum atripennis
  192. Blue-and-gold Tanager  (nt) (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & Panama)
     Bangsia     (formerly Buthraupis) arcaei careruleigularis
  193. Azure-rumped Tanager  (t2) (*)  ______  GU:feb,apr,jun,jul  
    Tangara cabanis      (monotypic)

    Another name for Tangara cabanis has been the Cabanis' Tanager.

  194. Plain-colored Tanager  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov  (total range from Costa Rica to northern Colombia) 
     Tangara inornata rava
  195. Emerald Tanager  (*) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Tangara f. florida
  196. Silver-throated Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Tangara icterocephala frantzii



    Silver-throated Tanager
         (photo courtesy of Doris Potter)
  197. Speckled Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb
     Tangara guttata eusticta



    Speckled Tanager
         (photo by Ruben Campos)
  198. Bay-headed Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul
     Tangara gyrola bangsi



    Bay-headed Tanager
  199. Golden-hooded Tanager  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:feb,mar,apr  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov  
     Tangara larvata 
    Tangara l. larvata          (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
    Tangara larvata centralis      (subspecies in eastern Costa Rica)
    Tangara larvata franciscae      (subspecies in western Costa Rica) 

    An alternate name of "Golden-masked Tanager" is inappropriate. But the species is closely related, however, to the Masked Tanager of South Amercia. 



    Golden-hooded Tanager
     (photo courtesy of Doris Potter)
  200. Spangle-cheeked Tanager  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul  PN:mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Tangara dowii      (monotypic)

  201. Rufous-winged Tanager ______
    Tangara lavinia 
  202. Sulphur-rumped Tanager  (*)  ______  PN:aug   (total range restricted to Costa Rica & Panama)
    Heterospingus rubrifrons
  203. Rosy Thrush-Tanager  (*)  ______  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
    Rhodinocichla rosea
    An uncommon skulker, the Rosy Thrush-Tanager can be an extremely difficult bird to see. In Costa Rica, it has a limited range in the Terraba River watershed. It forages in leaf litter in dense second growth. Even though difficult to see, its rich, liquid voice can readily be heard.    

  204. Scarlet-thighed Dacnis  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar
     Dacnis v. venusta 
  205. Blue Dacnis  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Dacnis cayana callaina



    Blue Dacnis
         (photo by Ruben Campos)
  206. Green Honeycreeper  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:mar,jun  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Chlorophanes spiza arguta






    Green Honeycreepers     (above: a male; below: a female)
    (photos by Doris Potter)
  207. Shining Honeycreeper  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  HN:feb,dec  PN:feb,jul,aug
     Cyanerpes lucidus isthmicus



    A male Shining Honeycreeper
         (photo by Ruben Campos)
  208. Red-legged Honeycreeper  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Cyanerpes cyaneus carneipes



    Red-legged Honeycreeper


         CONEBILL     and FLOWER-PIERCERS
  209. White-eared Conebill  (*)  ______  PN:feb,jul  (a species of eastern Panama, Colombia, and northern Venezuela)
    Conirostrum leucogenys panamense

  210. Cinnamon-bellied Flower-piercer  (*)  ______  GU:feb,apr,jun,dec
    Diglossa baritula 
  211. Slaty Flower-piercer  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Diglossa p. plumbea

         The Slaty Flower-piercer is closely related to the Rusty Flower-piercer of South America. 



    Slaty Flower-piercer
    (photo by Marie Grenouillet)


    GRASSQUITS, SEEDEATERS, and FINCHES

  212. Yellow-faced Grassquit  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:apr,jun  HN:feb,apr  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug
     Tiuaris olivacea pusillus



    A male Yellow-faced Grassquit photographed during a FONT tour
    in Costa Rica in March 2012      (photo by Virginia Woodhouse)

  213. White-collared Seedeater  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,may,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Sporophila torqueola morelleti



    A male White-collared Seedeater during a FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
     (photo by Marie Gardner)
  214. Variable Seedeater  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov 
     Sporophila corvina      (formerly Sporophila aurita)

         Included in the above, the "Black Variable Seedeater", on the Caribbean side of Costa Rica, was once considered a distinct species. 



    The nearly all-black race of the Variable Seedeater,
    photographed during the March 2007 FONT tour in Belize
    (photo by Alan Brady)
  215. Yellow-bellied Seedeater  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar  PN:mar,jul,aug,nov
     Sporophila n. nigricollis
  216. Ruddy-breasted Seedeater  (*) (ph) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar  GU:apr,jun,jul  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Sporophila minuta 
    Sporophila minuta parva          (subspecies in northern Costa Rica)
    Sporophila minuta centralis      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica & Panama)

    Above & below: two photos of Ruddy-breasted Seedeaters during FONT tours in Costa Rica 
     (upper photo by Virginia Woodhouse, lower photo by Marie Gardner) 


  217. Slate-colored Seedeater ______
    Sporophila schistacea
  218. Thick-billed Seed Finch  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,apr  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,nov 
    Oryzoborus funereus 
    Oryzoborus funereus salvini      (subspecies in most of Costa Rica)
    Oryzoborus funereus ochrogyne      (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica) 

    The Thick-billed Seed Finch has been conspecific with the Chestnut-belled Seed Finch of South America, Oryzoborus angolensis, and when so was called the Lesser Seed Finch.
  219. Nicaraguan Seed Finch  (*)  ______  CR:mar  (total range from Nicaragua to western Panama) 
    Oryzoborus nuttingi
  220. Blue-black Grassquit  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:feb,mar,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:jan,feb,mar,jul,aug,nov
     Volatinia jacarina splendens      (the single member of its genus)
  221. Blue Seedeater  ______  
    Amaurospiza concolor      (this genus now in the family Cardinalidae from Thraupidae)
    In Costa Rica, the Blue Seedeater is rare in middle elevations and highlands, between 1,000 & 2,200 meters above sea level on both the Pacific and Caribbean slopes. In that country, it favors bamboo clusters by the edge of the cloud forest.

  222. Slaty Finch  (*) ______  CR
     Haplospiza rustica barrilesensis
  223. Peg-billed Finch  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
    Acanthidops bairdi      (monotypic)
  224. Grassland Yellow Finch  (*) ______  CR:jan,feb  PN:jul,aug 
     Sicalis luteola eisenmanni

         The Grassland Yellow Finch has been found during recent FONT Costa Rica tours in open country in the Pacific lowlands south of Golfito.
  225. Saffron Finch  (*) (ph) ______  PN:feb,jul,aug,nov
    Sicalis f. flaveola
  226. Wedge-tailed Grass Finch  (ph) ______
    Emberizoides herbicola
  227. Large-footed Finch  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,jul,dec/jan  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama) 
     Pezopetes capitalis      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)
  228. Yellow-thighed Finch  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
    Pselliophorrus tibialis      (monotypic)
  229. Yellow-throated Brush Finch  (*) ______  CR:apr,dec/jan  GU:feb,apr,jun,dec  PN:mar
    Atlapetes gutturalis

         The Yellow-throated Brush Finch has been merged by some with the more-southerly White-naped Brush Finch, Atlapetes albinucha.
  230. Chestnut-capped Brush Finch  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr  GU:feb,apr,jun,jul,dec  HN:feb
    Arremon     (formerly Buarremon, prior to that Atlapetes) brunneinucha  
  231. Costa Rican Brush Finch  (*)  ______  CR:mar  (total range limited to southwestern Costa Rica & western Panama)
    Arremon costaricensis  

         The Costa Rican Brush Finch was part of the Black-headed Brush Finch.
     
  232. Black-headed Brush Finch  ______  )
    Arremon (formerly Buarremon, prior to that Atlapetes) atricapillus  

         In Central America, the Black-headed Brush Finch is in eastern Panama. In South America, it is in the Andes Mountains of Colombia. 

    The Black-headed Brush Finch was merged with the more-southerly Stripe-headed Brush Finch, Arremon torquatus.
  233. Sooty-faced Finch  (*) ______  CR:jul  (total range is Costa Rica & Panama)
     Lysurus crassirostris      (monotypic, and the single member of its genus)

  234. Cocos Finch  ______  (endemic to the Cocos Islands, well offshore from mainland Costa Rica, in the Pacific)
    Pinaroloxias inornata      (the single member of its genus)

    The Cocos Finch is closely related to the Galapagos Finches.  


    DICKCISSEL, SALTATORS, GROSBEAKS, and ALLIES

  235. Dickcissel  (*)  ______  BZ:apr
    Spiza americana      (the single member of its genus)



    A Dickcissel in migration, during the FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
    (photo by Marie Gardner)
  236. Black-headed Saltator  (*) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul  H:feb,mar,apr,dec  PN:feb,aug
     Saltator a. atriceps      (1 of 2 subspecies in Costa Rica)

  237. Buff-throated Saltator  (*) ______  BZ:feb,apr  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:mar,apr  HN:apr,dec  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug,oct,nov
     Saltator maximus 
    Saltator maximus magnoides          (subspecies in most of Costa Rica)
    Saltator maximus intermedius          (subspecies in southwest Costa Rica & Panama) 



    Buff-throated Saltator
     (photo by Ruben Campos)
  238. "Northern" Grayish Saltator  (*)  ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,apr,jul,dec  GU:jan,mar,apr,jun,dec  HN:feb,apr
     Saltator coerulescens brevicaudus
  239. Streaked Saltator  (*) (ph)  ______  CR:feb,mar  PN:feb,mar,aug
     Saltator striatipectus furax      (formerly Saltator albicollis, now the scientific name for the Lesser Antillean Saltator) 



    Streaked Saltator
    (photo by Ruben Campos)
  240. Black-faced Grosbeak  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,dec/jan  GU:jan,apr  PN:feb
     Caryothraustes poliogaster scapularis
  241. Slate-colored Grosbeak  (*) ______  CR:dec/jan
     Saltator     (formerly Pitylus) grossus  
  242. Mexican Yellow Grosbeak  (*) ______  GU:apr
    Pheucticus chrysopeplus aurantiacus
  243. Black-thighed Grosbeak  (*) ______  CR:mar,apr,jul,dec/jan  PN:feb,mar  (total range limited to Costa Rica & western Panama)
     Pheucticus tibialis      (monotypic)

    The Black-thighed Grosbeak is closely related to the more-northerly Mexican Yellow Grosbeak, Pheucticus chrysopeplus, and to the more-southerly Southern Yellow Grosbeak (ph), Phauticus chrysogaster, of South Amercia.
  244. Rose-breasted Grosbeak  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:mar  CR:jan,feb,mar,dec  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb,apr,dec  PN:feb,mar
     Pheucticus ludovicianus      (monotypic)



    Many Rose-breasted Grosbeaks spend the winter in Central America.
    The males only look like this when they're ready to leave in the spring.  
         (photo by Howard Eskin)
  245. Black-headed Grosbeak   ______
    Pheucticus melanocephalus 
  246. Northern Cardinal  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:mar,apr
    Cardinalis cardinalis 
      
  247. Blue Grosbeak  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar  CR:jul,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb  PN:feb,nov
     Passerina     (formerly Guiraca) caerulea lazula



    A male Blue Grosbeak
         (photo by Howard Eskin) 

  248. Blue-black Grosbeak  (*) ______  CR:feb,mar,dec/jan  GU:jan,mar  PN:feb,mar,jul,aug
     Cyanocompsa cyanoides caerulescens
  249. Blue Bunting  (*) (ph)  ______  BZ:apr  GU:jan,feb,mar,apr,jun,jul 
    Cyanocompsa p. parellina



    A Blue Bunting during the FONT tour in Belize in April 2011
         (photo by Marie Gardner)
  250. Indigo Bunting  (*) (ph) ______  BZ:feb,mar,apr  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,dec  HN:feb  PN:mar,nov
     Passerina cyanea      (monotypic)

  251. Varied Bunting  (*)  ______  GU;apr,jun
    Passerina versicolor 
  252. Painted Bunting  (nt) (*) (ph) ______  CR:mar,dec/jan  GU:feb,mar,apr,dec
     Passerina ciris pallidior     


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